p.18
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What is an important method for feeding during the transition?
Teach the mother to cup feed.
p.19
Counseling for Mothers on Child Nutrition and Health
What should be done if the mother is sick?
Provide care for her or refer her for help.
p.24
HIV Exposure and Testing Protocols for Infants
What is PMTCT?
Prevention of Maternal-To-Child-Transmission ART prophylaxis.
p.16
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be done immediately after birth?
Put the baby in skin-to-skin contact and allow breastfeeding within the first hour.
p.21
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What should be determined regarding the visit for the young infant?
Whether it is an initial or follow-up visit for the problem.
p.21
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What is the first step when assessing a young infant during an initial visit?
Ask the mother what the young infant's problems are.
p.9
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What action should be taken if a child with pneumonia shows any general danger sign?
Refer urgently to the hospital.
p.14
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
When should a child's appetite be assessed?
On the initial visit and at each follow-up visit.
p.20
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should a mother do if her child develops a fever?
Return immediately if fever persists.
p.2
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be offered first if the child is still breastfeeding?
Breast milk before every RUTF feed.
p.19
Counseling for Mothers on Child Nutrition and Health
What should be checked regarding the mother's health?
Her immunization status and provide tetanus toxoid if needed.
p.5
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What is the target dose of Abacavir (ABC) for children?
8 mg/kg/dose twice daily.
p.24
HIV Exposure and Testing Protocols for Infants
What should be asked to check for HIV infection in a mother and young infant?
Has the mother and/or young infant had an HIV test?
p.7
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What should be done if a child shows signs of jaundice or abdominal pain while on ARV drugs?
Stop the drugs and refer urgently.
p.21
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What should be done during the rapid appraisal of waiting infants?
Assess and classify the sick young infant.
p.1
Management of Severe Dehydration in Children
What is the first step in treating severe dehydration?
Start IV fluid immediately.
p.6
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What should patients do if they experience fever, vomiting, or rash while on Abacavir?
Seek care urgently as these may indicate hypersensitivity to Abacavir.
p.4
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What are the preferred ARV regimens for children with TB/HIV infection from birth up to 3 years?
ABC or AZT + 3TC + LPV/r.
p.14
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What is RUTF?
Ready-to-use therapeutic food.
p.9
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be assessed after 5 days for a child with persistent diarrhea?
Whether the diarrhea has stopped and the number of loose stools per day.
p.14
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
How should RUTF be given to the child?
Wash hands, sit with the child on the lap, and gently offer RUTF without forcing.
p.5
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What is the dosage form for Efavirenz (EFV) for children weighing 10-13.9 kg?
200 mg tablet, twice daily.
p.14
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be offered to the child while eating RUTF?
Plenty of clean water to drink from a cup.
p.12
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What should be checked regarding ARV prophylaxis?
Check adherence and how often the child/mother misses a dose.
p.19
Counseling for Mothers on Child Nutrition and Health
What additional fluids can be given to a sick child?
Soup, rice water, yoghurt drinks, or clean water.
p.9
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be checked after 3 days for a child with pneumonia?
General danger signs, cough, difficult breathing, breathing rate, chest indrawing, fever, and eating habits.
p.11
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done after 14 days of follow-up for a child with uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition?
Conduct a full reassessment of the child using the same measurements (WFH/L, MUAC) as the initial visit.
p.6
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What are some potentially serious side effects of Lopinavir/ritonavir?
Changes in fat distribution, elevated blood cholesterol, and glucose.
p.21
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What instructions should be used if it is a follow-up visit?
Use the follow-up instructions.
p.6
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What urgent symptoms should patients on Nevirapine be aware of?
Yellow eyes, severe skin rash, fatigue, shortness of breath, and fever.
p.24
HIV Exposure and Testing Protocols for Infants
What is the next step if the mother is HIV positive and the young infant has no positive virological test?
Ask if the young infant is breastfeeding now or was breastfeeding at the time of the test.
p.18
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should a mother do if she is still breastfeeding and her child has persistent diarrhea?
Give more frequent, longer breastfeeds, day and night.
p.4
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What are the alternative ARV regimens for children aged 3 years and older?
ABC or AZT + 3TC + EFV or NVP.
p.23
Management of Severe Dehydration in Children
What indicates some dehydration in a young infant?
Signs include being restless and irritable, sunken eyes, and skin pinch that goes back slowly.
p.3
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
How is HIV infection confirmed in a child under 18 months?
If a virological test (PCR) is positive.
p.24
HIV Exposure and Testing Protocols for Infants
What prophylaxis should be given from age 4-6 weeks for a confirmed HIV infection?
Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis.
p.18
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What does stopping breastfeeding mean?
Changing from all breast milk to no breast milk.
p.21
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
How should the illness be classified during the assessment?
Use all boxes that match the infant's symptoms and problems.
p.2
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
How should the child be positioned when offering RUTF?
Sit with the child on the lap.
p.12
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done at each follow-up visit for HIV-exposed children?
Ask the mother if the child has any problems and conduct a full assessment.
p.11
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done if a child with uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition passes the appetite test?
Counsel the mother and encourage her to continue with appropriate ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) feeding.
p.25
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What is the first step in assessing an infant's feeding?
Ask if the infant is breastfed and how many times in 24 hours.
p.25
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be checked if an infant is not well attached to the breast?
Teach correct positioning and attachment.
p.15
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What questions should be asked about a child's feeding?
How are you feeding your child? How many times during the day? Any other food or fluids?
p.25
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be done if an infant breastfeeds less than 8 times in 24 hours?
Advise to increase the frequency of feeding.
p.15
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be compared to the mother's answers during the assessment?
Feeding Recommendations for the child's age.
p.15
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be asked if a child with confirmed HIV infection fails to gain weight?
How large are servings? Who feeds the child and how?
p.12
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done if the child is confirmed uninfected?
Continue with cotrimoxazole prophylaxis if breastfeeding or stop if the test results are after 6 weeks of cessation of breastfeeding.
p.23
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What should you check for in a young infant when assessing for jaundice?
Look for yellow eyes or skin, and check the palms and soles for yellowing.
p.11
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What indicates a referral to the hospital for a child with complicated severe acute malnutrition?
If the child has WFH/L less than -3 z-scores, MUAC less than 115 mm, oedema of both feet, and has developed a medical complication or fails the appetite test.
p.25
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be assessed for all young infants except HIV-exposed non-breastfed infants?
Feeding problems or low weight for age.
p.19
Counseling for Mothers on Child Nutrition and Health
What advice should be given to the mother regarding her own health?
Advise her to eat well to maintain her strength and health.
p.18
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be done to utensils used for feeding?
Clean all utensils with soap and water.
p.15
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be assessed in a child under 2 years old with moderate acute malnutrition?
Feeding practices and changes during illness.
p.16
Feeding Recommendations for HIV-Exposed Infants
What should be avoided for infants of HIV-positive mothers?
Mixed feeding, as it increases the risk of HIV mother-to-child transmission.
p.6
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What are the side effects of Efavirenz (EFV)?
Nausea, diarrhea, strange dreams, difficulty sleeping, memory problems, headache, and dizziness.
p.6
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What is a common management strategy for patients experiencing side effects from ARV drugs?
Warn patients and suggest ways to manage side effects.
p.7
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What should be done if a child vomits medication within 30 minutes of administration?
Repeat the dose if the medication is seen in the vomitus.
p.5
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What are the three antiretroviral drugs mentioned for treating HIV-infected children?
Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r), Nevirapine (NVP), and Efavirenz (EFV).
p.14
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What are the criteria for severe acute malnutrition?
Oedema of both feet, WFH/L less than -3 z-scores, or MUAC less than 115 mm.
p.23
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What does it indicate if jaundice appears in an infant less than 24 hours old?
It is considered severe jaundice and requires urgent referral to a hospital.
p.2
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What is the recommended approach to encourage a child to eat RUTF?
Encourage the child to eat without forced feeding.
p.16
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
How often should a newborn be breastfed?
At least 8 times in 24 hours, day and night.
p.12
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What routine child health care should be provided during follow-up?
Vitamin A, deworming, immunization, and feeding assessment and counseling.
p.20
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
When should a mother return for the next well-child visit?
According to the immunization schedule.
p.3
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What is the first step when initiating ART in children under 5 years who are HIV infected?
Initiate ART irrespective of CD4 count or clinical stage.
p.20
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What signs require immediate return to the health worker?
Any sick child, not able to drink or breastfeed, becomes sicker, develops a fever.
p.3
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What should be done if a child shows any general danger sign or severe classification?
They need URGENT REFERRAL.
p.18
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What are alternatives to breastfeeding if the child is taking other milk?
Replace with increased breastfeeding, fermented milk products, or nutrient-rich semisolid food.
p.11
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What action should be taken if a child remains classified as moderate acute malnutrition after 30 days?
Counsel the mother about any feeding problems found and ask her to return in one month.
p.25
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be done if thrush is observed in an infant?
Teach the mother to treat thrush at home.
p.12
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What should be monitored for children confirmed HIV infected but not on ART?
Monitor CD4 count and percentage.
p.25
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be observed to check if an infant is well attached during breastfeeding?
Chin touching breast, mouth wide open, lower lip turned outwards, and more areola visible above than below the mouth.
p.7
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What action should be taken if a child experiences tingling or numbness in feet or legs while on treatment?
Call for advice or refer if new or worsening.
p.19
Counseling for Mothers on Child Nutrition and Health
What should a mother do to increase fluid intake during her child's illness?
Breastfeed more frequently and for longer at each feed, or increase the amount of breast-milk substitutes.
p.18
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
How should the transition from breastfeeding be done?
Gradually over one month.
p.8
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What medication can be given every 6 hours for pain relief in HIV-infected children?
Paracetamol or ibuprofen.
p.18
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should a mother do to prepare for stopping breastfeeding?
Discuss and plan in advance with her family, express milk, and learn how to prepare stored milk safely.
p.1
Management of Severe Dehydration in Children
How much Ringer's Lactate Solution should be given to infants?
100 ml/kg, with 30 ml/kg in the first hour and 70 ml/kg over 5 hours.
p.16
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What is the importance of colostrum for newborns?
It protects the baby from many illnesses.
p.11
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done if a child is classified as having no acute malnutrition?
Praise the mother, stop RUTF, and counsel her about age-appropriate feeding recommendations.
p.24
HIV Exposure and Testing Protocols for Infants
What should be done if the mother and young infant's HIV status is unknown?
Perform an HIV test for the mother; if positive, perform a virological test for the young infant.
p.23
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What is classified as diarrhoea in a young infant?
Stools that have changed from the usual pattern and are many and watery.
p.16
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should a good daily diet for children include?
Energy-rich foods, meat, fish, eggs, pulses, fruits, and vegetables.
p.16
Counseling for Mothers on Child Nutrition and Health
How should parents encourage their child to try new foods?
Offer 'tastes' several times and show that you like the food.
p.15
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
How should the mother demonstrate feeding preparation?
Explain how a feed is prepared and how it is given to the infant.
p.15
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be checked regarding feeding utensils?
How are you cleaning the feeding utensils?
p.3
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What additional treatments should be given alongside ART?
Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis and routine treatments including Vitamin A and immunizations.
p.17
Feeding Recommendations for HIV-Exposed Infants
How should milk be given to children aged 6 to 12 months?
Boil the milk and let it cool, using a cup for feeding.
p.17
Feeding Recommendations for HIV-Exposed Infants
How should snacks be offered to children?
1-2 small chewable items that the child can hold, encouraging them to try to eat.
p.9
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What is the treatment if a child with pneumonia shows improvement after 3 days?
Complete the 5 days of antibiotics.
p.23
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What should be done if jaundice appears after 24 hours of age and palms and soles are not yellow?
Advise home care and instruct the mother to return immediately if palms and soles turn yellow.
p.23
Management of Severe Dehydration in Children
What are the signs of severe dehydration in a young infant?
Movement only when stimulated, no movement at all, sunken eyes, and skin pinch that goes back very slowly.
p.19
Counseling for Mothers on Child Nutrition and Health
What should be emphasized to the mother for her and her child's health?
Good hygiene and early treatment of illnesses.
p.9
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done if a child with persistent diarrhea is still having 3 or more loose stools per day?
Do a full reassessment and treat for dehydration if present, then refer to the hospital.
p.10
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done if a child's fever persists after 3 days?
Do a full reassessment of the child and repeat the malaria test.
p.9
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done after 3 days for a child with dysentery?
Assess for fewer stools, less blood in stools, less fever, less abdominal pain, and improved eating.
p.11
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What is the follow-up procedure after 30 days for a child with moderate acute malnutrition?
Assess the child using the same measurements as the initial visit and check for oedema of both feet.
p.7
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
How should nausea be managed in a child taking ARV drugs?
Advise giving the drug with food; if it persists for more than 2 weeks, call for advice or refer.
p.18
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be followed for other foods during the transition?
Follow feeding recommendations for the child's age.
p.9
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done if a child with malaria has a persistent fever after 3 days?
Do a full reassessment and check for other causes of fever.
p.10
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be checked after 3 days for a child with measles complications?
Look for red eyes, pus draining from the eyes, and mouth ulcers or white patches (thrush).
p.1
Management of Severe Dehydration in Children
What is the follow-up observation period after rehydration?
At least 6 hours to ensure hydration is maintained.
p.7
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What is the recommended treatment for headache in a child on efavirenz?
Give paracetamol and reassure that it is common and usually self-limiting.
p.22
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What should be done if a young infant shows signs of very severe disease?
Give the first dose of intramuscular antibiotics, treat to prevent low blood sugar, and refer urgently to the hospital.
p.10
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done after 7 days regarding feeding problems?
Reassess feeding and counsel the mother about any new or continuing feeding problems.
p.17
Feeding Recommendations for HIV-Exposed Infants
What types of foods should be included in a good daily diet for children?
Energy-rich foods, meat, fish, eggs, pulses, fruits, and vegetables.
p.6
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What side effects are associated with Zidovudine (ZDV or AZT)?
Nausea, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, and pallor (anaemia).
p.23
Management of Severe Dehydration in Children
What should be done if a young infant shows signs of severe dehydration?
Give fluids for severe dehydration (Plan C) or refer urgently to a hospital.
p.19
Counseling for Mothers on Child Nutrition and Health
What additional counseling should be provided if the mother is HIV-positive?
Counseling on preventing serious illness and maintaining her and the child's health.
p.16
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What types of foods should be introduced for children aged 6 to 9 months?
Thick porridge or well-mashed foods, including animal-source foods and vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables.
p.20
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
When should a mother return if her child has confirmed HIV infection?
According to national recommendations.
p.25
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What action should be taken if an infant is not breastfeeding at all?
Refer for breastfeeding counseling and possible relactation.
p.1
Management of Severe Dehydration in Children
What should be done if the child cannot drink?
Refer urgently to the hospital for IV or NG treatment.
p.16
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What is recommended for children aged 2 years and older regarding meal frequency?
3 to 4 meals each day with 1 or 2 snacks between meals.
p.24
HIV Exposure and Testing Protocols for Infants
What should be done if the mother is HIV positive and the young infant has a negative virological test?
Give cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and continue PMTCT ARV prophylaxis as per national recommendations.
p.1
Management of Severe Dehydration in Children
What should be done if there is repeated vomiting or increasing abdominal distension?
Give the fluid more slowly.
p.7
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
How should diarrhea be managed in a child on ARV drugs?
Assess, classify, and treat using diarrhea charts; follow up if not improved after two weeks.
p.7
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What should be done for sleep disturbances or anxiety in a child on efavirenz?
Administer at night on an empty stomach with low-fat foods; refer if it persists for more than 2 weeks.
p.13
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What is the third step in follow-up care for children on ART?
Provide ART, cotrimoxazole, and routine treatments.
p.22
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What should be observed regarding the umbilicus?
Check if it is red or draining pus, which can indicate infection.
p.11
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What is the classification for moderate acute malnutrition based on WFH/L and MUAC?
WFH/L between -3 and -2 z-scores or MUAC between 115 and 125 mm.
p.12
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What prophylaxis should continue for HIV-exposed children?
Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis.
p.1
Management of Severe Dehydration in Children
What should be done if hydration status is not improving?
Give the IV drip more rapidly.
p.2
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be ensured when introducing recommended foods?
The child completes his daily ration of RUTF before other foods.
p.10
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What treatment should be given if a child shows general danger signs or has a stiff neck?
Treat as VERY SEVERE FEBRILE DISEASE.
p.12
HIV Exposure and Testing Protocols for Infants
What should be done if a new HIV test result is available?
Reclassify the child for HIV according to the test result.
p.14
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What indicates that a child is not able to eat RUTF?
Not finishing one-third of a packet (92 g) or 3 teaspoons within 30 minutes.
p.12
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What should be initiated if the child is confirmed HIV infected?
Start on ART and enroll in chronic HIV care.
p.3
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What is required for confirming HIV infection in a child over 18 months?
Two different serological tests must be positive.
p.9
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What is the protocol if a child with malaria has no other apparent cause of fever after 7 days?
Refer for assessment and do microscopy to check for malaria parasites.
p.13
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be checked for during the assessment of a child on ART?
General danger signs and severe side effects of ART.
p.17
Feeding Recommendations for HIV-Exposed Infants
What should be done if the baby is on AZT for prophylaxis?
Continue until 4 to 6 weeks of age.
p.10
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done after 5 days for a child with an ear infection?
Reassess for ear problems and measure the child's temperature.
p.22
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What is the significance of measuring axillary temperature in young infants?
It helps in assessing for fever, which can indicate severe disease.
p.7
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What is the appropriate response for a rash in a child on abacavir?
Assess carefully; if severe, generalized, or associated with fever or vomiting, stop drugs and refer urgently.
p.14
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What indicates that a child is able to finish RUTF?
Finishing at least one-third of a packet (92 g) or 3 teaspoons within 30 minutes.
p.9
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What is the treatment if a child with dysentery shows worsening symptoms?
Change to second-line oral antibiotic and refer to the hospital if necessary.
p.10
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done if a child has a positive malaria test?
Give first-line oral antimalarial.
p.15
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What additional questions should be asked for an HIV-exposed child?
Are you taking ARV drugs? Does the child take ARV drugs?
p.3
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What should be done if a child weighs less than 3 kg or has TB?
Refer for ART initiation.
p.25
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What indicates that there is no feeding problem?
Not low weight for age and no other signs of inadequate feeding.
p.13
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What are some severe side effects of ART to monitor?
Severe skin rash, difficulty breathing, severe abdominal pain, yellow eyes, fever, vomiting, and rash (if on Abacavir).
p.3
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What is the recommended ART regimen for children up to 3 years?
ABC or AZT + 3TC + LPV/R or recommended first-line regimen.
p.17
Feeding Recommendations for HIV-Exposed Infants
What is the recommended feeding frequency for infants aged 0 to 1 month?
60 ml of formula 8 times per day.
p.17
Feeding Recommendations for HIV-Exposed Infants
What is the recommended amount of formula for a child aged 4 to 6 months?
150 ml of formula 6 times per day.
p.2
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be offered to the child while eating RUTF?
Plenty of clean water to drink from a cup.
p.23
Management of Severe Dehydration in Children
What should be done if there are not enough signs to classify dehydration?
Advise home care and follow up in 2 days if not improving.
p.12
Counseling for Mothers on Child Nutrition and Health
What home care advice should be given to the mother?
Counsel about any new or continuing problems and hygiene in the home.
p.17
Feeding Recommendations for HIV-Exposed Infants
What is the safe preparation method for infant formula?
Use a marked cup to measure water and formula, boil water, cool it, and mix with formula powder.
p.22
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What is the appropriate action for a young infant with local bacterial infection?
Give an appropriate oral antibiotic and teach the mother to treat local infections at home.
p.10
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done for a child with anemia after 14 days?
Give iron and advise the mother to return in 14 days for more iron.
p.22
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What should be done if the infant is not moving?
Gently stimulate the infant to check for responsiveness.
p.11
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What is the exception for referring a child during follow-up?
If feeding is not expected to improve, or if the child has lost weight or MUAC has diminished.
p.13
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What is the first step in follow-up care for HIV-exposed and infected children on ART?
Assess and classify the child's condition.
p.15
Feeding Guidelines for Severely Malnourished Children
What should be assessed if the child is not breastfeeding?
What milk are you giving? How much is given at each feed?
p.10
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done if pus is draining from the eye?
Ask the mother how she has treated the eye infection and refer to hospital if treatment was correct.
p.22
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What are the signs to check for very severe disease in a young infant?
Not feeding well, convulsions, fast breathing (60 breaths per minute or more), severe chest indrawing, low body temperature, or no movement at all.
p.13
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be recorded to monitor a child's progress on ART?
Child's weight, height, adherence, clinical stage, and laboratory results.
p.7
Monitoring and Managing Side Effects of ARV Drugs
What should be considered if there are changes in fat distribution in a child on stavudine?
Consider switching to abacavir and refer if needed.
p.22
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What is the importance of observing the infant's movements?
To assess for responsiveness and potential severe illness.
p.3
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What is the caregiver's role in ART initiation?
The caregiver must be willing and able to give ART.
p.3
Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in HIV-Infected Children
What information should be recorded on the child's HIV treatment card?
Weight, height, pallor, feeding problems, and laboratory results.
p.17
Feeding Recommendations for HIV-Exposed Infants
Why are cow's or other animal milks not suitable for infants below 6 months?
They can pose health risks even if modified.
p.22
Assessing and Classifying Illness in Young Infants
What should be advised if there are no signs of very severe disease or local bacterial infection?
Advise the mother to give home care.
p.13
Counseling for Mothers on Child Nutrition and Health
What key issues should be discussed during counseling sessions with caregivers?
Child's progress, feeding, adherence, side effects, disclosure, and support for the caregiver.
p.24
HIV Exposure and Testing Protocols for Infants
What should be initiated for all pregnant and lactating women with HIV infection?
Triple ART and put their infants on ART prophylaxis from birth.
p.10
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What treatment should be given for acute ear infection if pain or discharge persists?
Treat with 5 more days of the same antibiotic and continue wicking to dry the ear.
p.13
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What routine care should be provided to stable children on ART?
Vitamin A supplementation, deworming, and immunization as needed.
p.13
Follow-Up Care for Acute Conditions in Children
What should be done at the end of each visit?
Set a follow-up visit according to national guidelines.
p.13
Counseling for Mothers on Child Nutrition and Health
What is the fourth step in the follow-up care process?
Counsel the mother or caregiver.
