p.1
Prevalence of Elderly Falls
What is the focus of Topic 1 in the course RS4270?
Geriatric Syndrome I: Fall and Home Safety.
p.64
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What is the purpose of the LiFE programme?
To prevent falls in older adults.
p.18
Risk Factors for Falls
What is sarcopenia?
Muscle weakness associated with aging.
p.8
Prevalence of Elderly Falls
How many older people in the UK suffered hip fractures in 2017/18?
Nearly 100,000 older people (aged 65+).
p.63
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What type of strategies are recommended for fall prevention?
Multicomponent or population-based fall prevention strategies that include exercise and educational components.
p.38
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
How does fear of falling affect physical activity levels?
It leads to a decrease in physical activity level.
p.40
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
Why is it important to balance safety and occupation?
To ensure that individuals can engage in meaningful activities while minimizing risks.
p.47
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What should be targeted for the greatest impact in interventions?
Populations with one or more identified risk factors.
p.47
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What type of interventions should be provided instead of single intervention programs?
Multifactorial interventions.
p.49
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What is meant by the 'just right' level of awareness?
It refers to having sufficient awareness to encourage behavior change without causing hypervigilance.
p.62
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What personal factors should be considered in home modifications?
Personal values, taste, and styles.
p.45
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
What is the first step in the clinical algorithm for fall management?
Screening and Assessment.
p.41
Risk Factors for Falls
What is the balance of safety and occupation in relation to falls?
It involves managing the risk of falls while allowing individuals to engage in meaningful activities.
p.45
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
What assessments are included in further investigation after positive screening?
Physical examination, medical history, functional and cognitive assessment.
p.44
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
What adaptive behaviors can be taught to fallers?
Slow rising and using a cane.
p.32
Risk Factors for Falls
How can footwear affect the risk of falls?
Inappropriate or unsafe footwear can increase the likelihood of falls.
p.21
Risk Factors for Falls
What impact do low income and education levels have on the elderly?
They can contribute to a higher risk of falls.
p.65
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
How many Balance Training activities are included in the LiFE programme?
7 Balance Training activities.
p.21
Risk Factors for Falls
Why is lack of social interaction a risk factor for falls?
It can lead to isolation and decreased physical activity.
p.54
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What additional recommendation was made after 6 months?
A booster occupational therapy visit is suggested.
p.60
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
How can too much cushioning in footwear affect a person?
It can interfere with proprioceptive feedback.
p.46
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
What is the purpose of analyzing a recent fall incident?
To reform the event through a narrative process.
p.52
Risk Factors for Falls
What is the aim of medication monitoring in relation to falls?
To minimize the number of medications that increase the risk of falling.
p.66
Community Resources and Support for Fall Prevention
What types of community resources are available for the elderly?
Senior centers, health clinics, and support groups.
p.52
Risk Factors for Falls
Which types of medications are known to increase the risk of falling?
Psychotropic medications such as benzodiazepines, hypnotics, antidepressants, and major tranquilizers.
p.35
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
How can falls affect the overall health of elderly individuals?
They can lead to complications such as pneumonia or blood clots.
What is the purpose of fall management?
To prevent falls and manage their consequences.
p.64
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What age group was targeted in the LiFE programme study?
Older adults aged 70 or above.
p.21
Risk Factors for Falls
How do community resources affect fall risk?
Lack of community resources can limit access to support and services.
p.21
Risk Factors for Falls
What does limited access to health and social services imply for the elderly?
It can increase their vulnerability to falls.
p.24
Risk Factors for Falls
How does the Occupation component of the PEO model influence fall accidents?
It looks at the activities a person engages in and their impact on fall risk.
p.29
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What are the features of the natural and built environment related to falls?
Floor and ground surfaces, steps and stairs, lighting, furniture, interaction with other people, children and animals, exposure to adverse weather conditions, and familiarity of the environment.
p.39
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What are potential negative consequences of restraining the elderly?
Increased risk of physical and psychological harm, and decreased mobility.
p.42
Risk Factors for Falls
What is the balance of safety and occupation in relation to falls?
It involves assessing the risks of falls while allowing individuals to engage in meaningful activities.
p.42
Risk Factors for Falls
How can engaging in occupations affect the risk of falls?
Engaging in occupations can increase the risk of falls if safety measures are not considered.
p.48
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
How does the recording activity of falls contribute to fall prevention?
It likely increases awareness of one's risk for falling.
p.42
Risk Factors for Falls
Why is it important to balance safety and occupation for the elderly?
To enhance their quality of life while minimizing the risk of falls.
p.59
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What type of protective clothing can help prevent hip injuries?
Hip protection pants, like Hip Air.
p.20
Risk Factors for Falls
What is a behavioral factor that can increase fall risk related to medication?
Multiple medication use, such as diuretics and antidepressants.
p.62
Risk Factors for Falls
What legal barriers might affect home modifications?
Government properties may have restrictions on modifications.
p.10
Local Statistics on Falls in Hong Kong
How do fallers compare to non-fallers in terms of health care service consumption?
Fallers, particularly recurrent fallers, consume more health care services than non-fallers.
p.21
Risk Factors for Falls
What socioeconomic factor is associated with inadequate housing space?
Inadequate housing space can lead to increased risk of falls.
p.41
Risk Factors for Falls
How can engaging in occupations affect the risk of falls?
Engaging in certain occupations may increase the risk of falls if safety measures are not adequately implemented.
p.64
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What was the significant outcome of the LiFE exercise group compared to the control group?
A 31% reduction in fall rate.
p.19
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
How do slippery floors and stairs affect fall risk?
They increase the likelihood of slipping and falling.
p.19
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What role do loose rugs play in fall incidents?
They can cause tripping and falling.
p.65
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What do preliminary findings of the LiFE programme indicate?
Very positive results including fall rate and feedback.
p.3
Prevalence of Elderly Falls
What factors contribute to the high prevalence of falls among the elderly?
Factors include age-related physical decline, medication side effects, and environmental hazards.
p.47
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What is the first step in evidence-based interventions?
Individualized evaluation.
p.47
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What are some examples of exercise interventions?
Exercise interventions, home modification interventions, educational interventions, and other intervention strategies.
p.66
Community Resources and Support for Fall Prevention
How can community resources help in fall prevention?
By offering educational programs, safety assessments, and access to health services.
p.48
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What can the fall diary be used for in interventions?
It serves as a basis for narrative occupation-based interventions aimed at raising awareness and combating fear of falling.
p.59
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What is a protective measure that can be worn on the head?
Protective helmet, such as Abonet or Ribcap.
p.43
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
How can exercise programs serve as an intervention strategy?
They improve strength, balance, and coordination, reducing the likelihood of falls.
p.54
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What was the purpose of the study conducted by Chu M. M. et al, 2017?
To investigate the effects of an occupational therapy fall reduction home visit program for older adults admitted to the emergency department for a fall.
p.28
Risk Factors for Falls
What psychological aspect can influence falls in the elderly?
Fear of falls or low falls self-efficacy.
p.38
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What impact does fear of falling have on quality of life?
It decreases the quality of life.
p.45
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What should be initiated to address fall risks?
A multicomponent intervention.
p.15
Risk Factors for Falls
What are common risk factors for falls in the elderly?
Impaired vision, muscle weakness, balance issues, and certain medications.
What are preventive aids?
Devices or tools designed to help prevent falls.
p.24
Risk Factors for Falls
What does PEO stand for in the context of fall accidents?
Person-Environment-Occupation model.
p.65
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
How many Strength Training activities are included in the LiFE programme?
7 Strength Training activities.
p.15
Risk Factors for Falls
What role does muscle weakness play in fall risk?
It decreases stability and strength needed to maintain balance.
p.2
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What knowledge will be increased regarding intervention strategies?
Knowledge of intervention strategies with practical tips.
p.15
Risk Factors for Falls
What environmental factors can contribute to falls?
Poor lighting, uneven surfaces, and cluttered walkways.
p.24
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
Why is the PEO model important in understanding fall accidents?
It provides a comprehensive view of the interactions between the person, environment, and occupation.
p.26
Risk Factors for Falls
How can visual impairment contribute to fall risk?
It can hinder a person's ability to navigate their environment safely.
p.36
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What are joint distortions and dislocations?
Injuries where joints are forced out of their normal position, often due to falls.
p.31
Risk Factors for Falls
What are functional impairments that can lead to falls?
Limited Activities of Daily Living (ADL).
p.40
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What is the main focus of balancing safety and occupation?
Achieving a balance between meaningful occupation and safety measures.
p.39
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What is a more effective approach than restraining to prevent falls in the elderly?
Implementing fall prevention strategies that promote mobility and independence.
p.35
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What is a common physical consequence of falls for the elderly?
Fractures, particularly hip fractures.
p.51
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What is a cognitive behavioral approach in fall prevention?
It involves educational interventions for highly active older adults.
p.35
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What impact do falls have on the mobility of elderly individuals?
Falls can result in reduced mobility and independence.
p.49
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What is a potential consequence of excessive awareness about falling?
It can lead to hypervigilance, which may increase the risk of falling.
p.9
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What types of injuries did 68% of fallers sustain?
Mild soft tissue injuries (local pain, bruises, hematoma, abrasions, and lacerations).
p.53
Risk Factors for Falls
What should users be aware of when using mobility devices?
The potential to increase the risk of falls.
p.44
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
How can recurrence of falls be prevented?
By treating underlying causes/illness and identifying & reducing risk factors.
p.6
Prevalence of Elderly Falls
Which age group suffers the greatest number of fatal falls?
Adults older than 60 years of age.
p.44
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
What environmental changes can help prevent falls?
Reducing environmental hazards.
p.20
Risk Factors for Falls
How does a sedentary lifestyle contribute to fall risk?
It leads to a lack of exercise.
p.25
Risk Factors for Falls
What are the person-related aspects to consider in occupation analysis for older people at risk of falls?
Individual physical functioning, individual medical conditions, individual experiences, cognitive abilities, and behaviors.
p.38
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What specific fear may elderly individuals have after experiencing a fall?
Fear of not being able to get up after a fall.
p.25
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What environmental aspects are important in analyzing falls risk for older individuals?
Features of the natural and built environment, and requirements of social, cultural, and institutional contexts.
p.3
Prevalence of Elderly Falls
What percentage of elderly individuals fall each year?
Approximately 30% of older adults aged 65 and older fall each year.
p.65
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
How are the activities in the LiFE programme designed to be integrated?
They are included in the participants’ daily life.
p.64
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
How is the LiFE programme tailored to participants?
Individualized and tailored to the person’s living environment.
p.24
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What role does the Environment component play in fall accidents according to the PEO model?
It examines how physical surroundings can contribute to fall risks.
p.64
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What type of study was conducted to evaluate the LiFE programme?
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT).
p.27
Risk Factors for Falls
What impact can a stroke have on fall risk?
It can lead to weakness or coordination problems, increasing the risk of falls.
p.37
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
Which body parts are commonly affected by fractures?
Upper arm, forearms, hand, spine, hip, pelvis, femur, and ankle.
p.49
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What is the primary goal of educational interventions in fall prevention?
To promote behavioral changes and raise awareness about one's risk of falling.
p.62
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What is a key aspect of addressing compliance issues in home modifications?
Client-centered collaboration.
p.63
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What type of exercise is recommended to reduce fall risk?
Lifestyle Integrated Functional Exercise.
p.62
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
How can a client's perception affect home modifications?
Their perception of the usefulness of home modifications is crucial.
p.35
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What is a potential long-term consequence of falls for the elderly?
Increased risk of institutionalization or long-term care.
p.48
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What psychological aspect does the fall diary aim to improve?
Increasing self-efficacy regarding fall prevention.
p.44
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
What should be determined after assessing a faller?
The likely precipitating cause(s) through history, physical examination, and lab results.
p.66
Community Resources and Support for Fall Prevention
What role do local organizations play in fall prevention?
They provide resources, education, and advocacy for fall prevention initiatives.
p.20
Risk Factors for Falls
Which type of medication can affect the central nervous system and increase fall risk?
Anti-convulsants and muscle relaxants.
p.59
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What are additional protective measures for falls?
Hip protectors, appropriate footwear, and protective flooring.
p.2
Prevalence of Elderly Falls
What will you be able to describe after the lecture regarding elderly falls?
The prevalence of elderly falls.
What does ADL training focus on?
Activities of Daily Living to enhance independence and safety.
p.2
Risk Factors for Falls
What awareness will be increased regarding elderly falls?
Awareness of fall risk factors.
p.3
Prevalence of Elderly Falls
How do falls impact the elderly population?
Falls can lead to serious injuries, decreased mobility, and increased fear of falling, which can further limit activity.
p.2
Risk Factors for Falls
What interaction will you learn about in relation to falls?
The interaction between Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) and fall accidents.
p.23
Risk Factors for Falls
What is a significant risk factor for falls in the elderly?
Impaired balance and mobility.
p.26
Risk Factors for Falls
How does balance affect individual physical functioning?
Balance is crucial for maintaining stability and preventing falls.
p.19
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
Why is insufficient lighting a risk factor for falls?
It makes it difficult to see hazards.
p.57
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What is one strategy for fall prevention related to electrical cords?
Tidying up moving electrical cords.
p.33
Risk Factors for Falls
What medication-related factor increases the risk of falls?
Taking 4 or more medications or sedatives.
p.26
Risk Factors for Falls
What role does gait play in individual physical functioning?
Gait affects how a person walks and their overall stability.
p.34
Risk Factors for Falls
What role do handrails play in fall prevention in hospitals?
Absent handrails increase the risk of falls by providing no support for patients.
p.33
Risk Factors for Falls
How does impaired arm strength affect fall risk?
It can increase the risk of falls.
p.66
Community Resources and Support for Fall Prevention
What is the primary purpose of community resources?
To provide support and services to individuals and families within a community.
p.63
Community Resources and Support for Fall Prevention
Where can population-based fall prevention programs be conducted?
In a variety of settings, including senior centers.
p.43
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What types of interventions can be implemented to prevent falls?
Environmental modifications, exercise programs, and education on safety practices.
p.49
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What type of information should educational interventions provide?
Constructive and empowering information.
p.51
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
How can education and role-playing help older adults?
They may increase self-efficacy and reduce the fear of falling.
p.53
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
What should be monitored to ensure safety when using mobility devices?
Changes in functional conditions.
p.32
Risk Factors for Falls
What is polypharmacy?
The use of four or more prescription medications in combination.
p.32
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What are some home hazards that can contribute to falls?
Clutter, loose rugs, furniture with wrong height, poor lighting on stairs and hallways, and lack of bathroom safety features like grab bars.
p.54
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What type of study design was used in the research?
A single-blind, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.
p.41
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What is a key consideration in fall prevention strategies?
Finding a balance between ensuring safety and promoting active participation in daily activities.
p.10
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What is the potential saving in public health care costs from falls prevention in Hong Kong?
Approximately HK$160 million annually.
p.30
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What role does the cultural environment play in social interaction?
It includes public spaces with advanced technologies.
What are fall protective skills?
Techniques that help individuals avoid injury during a fall.
p.33
Risk Factors for Falls
How does being in the lowest weight percentile affect fall risk?
It is considered a risk factor for falls.
p.25
Risk Factors for Falls
What role do cognitive abilities play in the risk of falls for older people?
Cognitive abilities influence decision-making and awareness of surroundings, impacting fall risk.
p.55
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
How can clutter affect fall risk in the home?
Reducing clutter can help minimize fall hazards.
What are post-fall management aids?
Tools or resources that assist in the recovery and assessment after a fall.
p.36
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What are soft tissue injuries?
Injuries that affect muscles, tendons, and ligaments, often resulting from falls.
p.23
Risk Factors for Falls
How does cognitive impairment affect fall risk?
It can lead to poor judgment and increased likelihood of falls.
p.57
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What type of alarming system can help prevent falls?
Door sensor, bed sensor, mat sensor.
p.39
Risk Factors for Falls
Can restraining the elderly help reduce falls?
Restraining the elderly may not effectively reduce falls and can lead to negative consequences.
p.37
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What type of fracture involves the hip area?
Hip fracture (includes pelvis, hip, and femur).
p.46
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
How can an Occupational Therapist (OT) assist clients after a fall?
By facilitating reflection to improve self-awareness of risk factors.
p.48
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What is the purpose of a fall diary?
To record the occurrence of falls and near-falls.
p.43
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What are intervention strategies for fall prevention?
Methods and practices designed to reduce the risk of falls among the elderly.
p.42
Risk Factors for Falls
What is a key consideration when balancing safety and occupation?
Identifying and mitigating potential hazards while promoting independence.
p.46
Risk Factors for Falls
What should clients appreciate regarding falls?
The multifactorial nature of risk.
p.49
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What can result from insufficient awareness regarding fall risks?
It will not lead to necessary behavioral changes.
p.43
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
Why are intervention strategies important for the elderly?
They help to minimize the risk of falls, which can lead to serious injuries.
p.51
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What is one example of an educational intervention for older adults?
Actively looking for environmental hazards in community settings.
p.53
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What is essential for the effective use of mobility devices?
Proper fitting (height, width) and training.
p.51
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What time management strategy can help older adults avoid falls?
Adopting time-management strategies to avoid unnecessary rushing.
p.44
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
What is the first step in the clinical approach to a faller?
Assess and treat any injury.
p.62
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What educational aspect is important for clients regarding home modifications?
Education about available options and benefits.
p.5
Definition and Global Facts about Falls
How is a fall defined according to WHO?
A fall is defined as an event which results in a person coming to rest inadvertently on the ground, floor, or other lower level.
p.7
Prevalence of Elderly Falls
What proportion of older people in the USA falls each year?
More than one out of four.
p.62
Community Resources and Support for Fall Prevention
What financial considerations should be addressed in home modifications?
Identifying free or low-cost home modifications.
p.51
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What is an example of a practical skill taught to older adults regarding falls?
Steps for getting up after a fall.
p.63
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What are the key components of an individualized fall risk assessment?
Fall prevention education, home safety assessment, modification, and hazard abatement.
p.35
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
How can falls affect the mental health of elderly individuals?
They can lead to increased fear of falling, anxiety, and depression.
p.63
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
What additional education should be included in fall prevention programs?
Education on proper footwear, home modifications, and fall recovery.
p.66
Community Resources and Support for Fall Prevention
Why is it important to utilize community resources for fall prevention?
They can enhance safety, improve health outcomes, and provide social support.
p.43
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What role does education play in fall prevention?
It raises awareness about risks and teaches safety measures to reduce falls.
p.45
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
What indicates a need for further investigation in fall screening?
Positive screening results.
p.44
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
What are some risk factors to identify and reduce for fall prevention?
Weakness, gait/balance problems, visual problems, and polypharmacy.
p.10
Local Statistics on Falls in Hong Kong
What is the excess annual health care cost of fallers in Hong Kong?
HK$552 million for all community-living elderly.
p.30
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What is an example of social interaction in environmental aspects?
Gardening when living alone.
p.28
Risk Factors for Falls
How does cognitive function relate to fall risk?
Certain levels of cognitive impairment can increase risk.
p.30
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
How can Christmas shopping at peak times affect social interaction?
It can create crowded environments that may impact mobility.
What is the role of home modification in fall prevention?
To create a safer living environment that reduces fall risks.
p.55
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What type of furniture design can help prevent falls at home?
Furniture with round corner design.
p.25
Risk Factors for Falls
How do individual medical conditions affect fall risk in older adults?
Certain medical conditions can impair mobility, balance, and overall physical health, increasing fall risk.
p.15
Risk Factors for Falls
How can certain medications increase the risk of falls?
They may cause dizziness, drowsiness, or confusion.
p.34
Risk Factors for Falls
What is a risk factor for falls related to meal times in hospitals?
Meal times can create crowded conditions that increase fall risk.
p.60
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What characteristic should footwear have to prevent slips?
It should be slip resistant.
p.19
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
How do cracked or uneven sidewalks contribute to falls?
They create tripping hazards.
p.27
Risk Factors for Falls
How does Parkinson’s disease contribute to fall risk?
It can cause tremors, rigidity, and balance issues.
p.29
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
How do floor and ground surfaces affect fall risk?
Uneven or slippery surfaces can increase the risk of falls.
p.34
Risk Factors for Falls
How does recent admission affect fall risk in hospitals?
Recent admissions may lead to disorientation and increased fall risk.
p.34
Risk Factors for Falls
Why are slippery and hard floors a concern in hospitals?
They can lead to slips and falls, especially for patients with mobility issues.
p.31
Risk Factors for Falls
What type of medication can increase fall risk?
Psychoactive medication, such as antidepressants.
p.45
Clinical Approaches to Fall Management
What are the criteria for fall history in screening?
2 or more falls in the past 12 months, presents with an acute fall, or difficulty in walking and balance.
p.65
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What organization translated the LiFE programme into Chinese?
HKOTA (Hong Kong Occupational Therapy Association).
p.8
Definition and Global Facts about Falls
What was the UK population around in 2019?
Approximately 67 million.
p.15
Risk Factors for Falls
How does impaired vision contribute to falls?
It reduces depth perception and the ability to see obstacles.
p.25
Risk Factors for Falls
Why is individual physical functioning important in fall risk analysis?
It helps assess the capability of older individuals to maintain balance and mobility.
p.26
Risk Factors for Falls
What are the individual physical functioning aspects related to a person?
Balance, strength and endurance, gait, visual impairment, peripheral sensation, and hearing impairment.
p.3
Prevalence of Elderly Falls
What is a common consequence of falls in the elderly?
Hip fractures are a common and serious consequence of falls in older adults.
p.27
Risk Factors for Falls
How can arthritis affect an individual's risk of falling?
It can cause pain and stiffness, leading to mobility issues.
p.26
Risk Factors for Falls
Why is strength and endurance important for elderly individuals?
It helps in maintaining mobility and reducing the risk of falls.
p.64
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What institution conducted the original RCT for the LiFE programme?
University of Sydney in Australia.
p.33
Risk Factors for Falls
What mobility issue can contribute to falls in a hospital setting?
Unable to move from bed to bath without assistance.
p.29
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What role do steps and stairs play in fall prevention?
Steps and stairs can be hazardous if not properly designed or maintained.
p.31
Risk Factors for Falls
What physical condition increases the risk of falls?
Low mobility or fragility, including lower extremity weakness and poor grip strength.
p.31
Risk Factors for Falls
How does body weight affect fall risk?
Low body weight increases the risk of falls.
p.1
Educational Interventions and Cognitive Behavioral Approaches
Which university offers the course RS4270?
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
p.3
Prevalence of Elderly Falls
What is the prevalence of falls among the elderly?
Falls are a common occurrence among the elderly, with a significant percentage experiencing at least one fall each year.
p.41
Risk Factors for Falls
Why is it important to assess the risk of falls in occupational settings?
To implement appropriate safety measures and reduce the likelihood of falls.
p.64
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
How many training sessions were included in the LiFE programme?
5 training sessions plus 2 booster visits.
p.64
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What types of exercises are included in the LiFE programme?
14 exercises for improving balance and strength.
p.2
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What consequences will you be able to describe for the elderly?
The consequences of falls.
p.30
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
How can large supermarkets impact the cultural environment?
They require extensive walking and standing in queues.
p.23
Risk Factors for Falls
How does medication use contribute to fall risk?
Certain medications can cause dizziness or drowsiness, increasing fall risk.
p.2
Community Resources and Support for Fall Prevention
What community aspect will you learn more about?
Community resources related to fall prevention.
p.31
Risk Factors for Falls
What age group is considered at higher risk for falls?
Individuals over 65 years.
p.27
Risk Factors for Falls
What types of feet problems can increase fall risk?
Conditions like bunions, plantar fasciitis, or neuropathy.
p.60
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What type of footwear is suggested for uneven or slippery outdoor surfaces?
Lightly cushioned sneakers.
p.57
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What type of flooring can provide protection against falls?
Protective flooring (Smart cells).
p.21
Risk Factors for Falls
How does living alone affect the elderly?
It can increase the risk of falls due to lack of support.
p.10
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What impact could effective falls prevention programs have in Hong Kong?
They might reduce falls and fall-related health service utilization by up to 30%.
p.54
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
Which hospitals were involved in the study?
QMH, PMH & PWH and their respective AEDs in Hong Kong.
p.32
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What environmental factors related to location can contribute to falls?
Busy streets or elevated walkways.
p.54
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What was the outcome of one occupational therapy visit after a fall?
It was more effective than a well-wishing visit at reducing future falls at 6 months.
p.27
Risk Factors for Falls
What is orthostatic hypotension?
A condition where blood pressure drops significantly when a person stands up.
p.24
Risk Factors for Falls
How does the Person component of the PEO model relate to fall accidents?
It considers individual factors such as age, health, and mobility.
What are post-fall management skills?
Skills used to assess and respond to falls after they occur.
p.23
Risk Factors for Falls
What role does vision play in fall risk for the elderly?
Poor vision can lead to misjudgment of distances and obstacles, increasing fall risk.
p.60
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What is a potential issue with footwear that is too grippy?
It may catch on carpets and floors.
p.60
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
Who should be consulted for footwear recommendations?
Podiatrists or specialists.
p.29
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
Why is familiarity with the environment important for fall prevention?
Familiarity can help individuals navigate safely and avoid hazards.
p.34
Risk Factors for Falls
How does poor lighting contribute to falls in hospitals?
Poor lighting can obscure hazards and make it difficult for patients to navigate safely.
p.15
Risk Factors for Falls
How does age affect the risk of falls?
Older adults often have multiple risk factors that increase fall likelihood.
p.36
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
What type of head injury can occur due to falls?
Concussions or other traumatic brain injuries.
p.34
Risk Factors for Falls
What impact does furniture arrangement have on fall risk in hospitals?
Poor furniture arrangement can create obstacles and increase the likelihood of falls.
p.27
Risk Factors for Falls
What role can medication play in fall risk?
Certain medications can cause dizziness or drowsiness, increasing the risk of falls.
p.18
Risk Factors for Falls
What are some modifiable risk factors for falls?
Age, gender, race, chronic illness, physical, cognitive, and affective capacities.
p.31
Risk Factors for Falls
Which chronic illnesses are associated with an increased risk of falls?
Parkinson disease, visual difficulties, stroke, hypertension, or urinary incontinence.
p.18
Risk Factors for Falls
How do gait changes affect fall risk?
They can increase the risk of falls.
p.30
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
How does public transportation relate to the institutional environment?
It provides essential mobility options for individuals.
p.18
Risk Factors for Falls
How does a history of previous falls affect future fall risk?
It increases the risk by 2 to 3 times.
p.27
Risk Factors for Falls
How does incontinence relate to fall risk?
It may lead to hurried movements to reach the bathroom, increasing fall risk.
p.26
Risk Factors for Falls
How does hearing impairment relate to fall risk?
It can limit awareness of surroundings and potential hazards.
p.29
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What impact does interaction with other people, children, and animals have on fall risk?
Interactions can distract individuals and lead to accidents.
p.31
Risk Factors for Falls
What cognitive condition is a risk factor for falls?
Cognitive impairment or dementia.
p.18
Risk Factors for Falls
What impact does vision impairment have on fall risk?
It increases the risk of falls.
p.57
Intervention Strategies for Fall Prevention
What outdoor features should be repaired to prevent falls?
Outdoor pathways and stairs.
p.29
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
Why is lighting important in preventing falls?
Adequate lighting helps individuals see obstacles and navigate safely.
p.36
Consequences of Falls for the Elderly
How can falls affect a person's confidence?
They can lead to a loss of confidence and fear of falling.
p.34
Risk Factors for Falls
What effect does reduced staffing have on fall risk in hospitals?
Reduced staffing can lead to less supervision and assistance for patients, increasing fall risk.
p.31
Risk Factors for Falls
How does heavy drinking relate to falls?
Heavy drinking is a risk factor for falls.
p.23
Risk Factors for Falls
How does environmental hazards contribute to falls?
Clutter, poor lighting, and uneven surfaces can increase the likelihood of falls.
p.55
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
What is touch lighting?
Lighting that can be activated by touch, enhancing visibility.
p.26
Risk Factors for Falls
What is the significance of peripheral sensation in fall prevention?
It helps individuals detect changes in their environment and maintain balance.
p.29
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
How can furniture contribute to fall risks?
Poorly arranged or unstable furniture can obstruct pathways and create hazards.
p.29
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
How does exposure to adverse weather conditions affect fall risk?
Wet, icy, or windy conditions can increase the likelihood of falls.
p.34
Risk Factors for Falls
How do unsupervised activities contribute to falls in hospitals?
Unsupervised activities can lead to patients attempting unsafe movements, increasing fall risk.
p.55
Environmental and Behavioral Factors Affecting Falls
Where should grab bars be installed for safety?
Near the toilet and bath.
p.31
Risk Factors for Falls
What previous experience can heighten the risk of future falls?
Having had previous falls.
