p.3
Cardiac Muscle Structure and Function
What is the repair ability of cardiac muscle tissue?
Limited ability for repair.
p.2
Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
What is the nature of skeletal muscle in terms of control?
It is striated and voluntary.
p.4
Smooth Muscle Properties
What shape are the cells in smooth muscle tissue?
Small, spindle-shaped cells.
p.9
Tissue Response to Injury
What are the two stages of tissue response to injury?
1. Inflammation (inflammatory response) 2. Regeneration.
p.5
Nervous Tissue Overview
Where is nervous tissue primarily concentrated?
In the brain and spinal cord.
p.11
Regeneration of Tissues
What is fibrosis?
Replacing damaged tissue with fibrous tissue, which does not restore normal function.
p.16
Aging Effects on Tissue
How does aging relate to cancer incidence?
Cancer rates increase with age.
p.5
Nervous Tissue Overview
What is the primary function of nervous tissue?
Specialized for conducting electrical impulses.
p.11
Regeneration of Tissues
Which types of tissues regenerate poorly?
Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and nervous tissues.
p.2
Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
How are new muscle fibers produced in skeletal muscle tissue?
By divisions of myosatellite cells (muscle stem cells).
p.5
Neuron Structure and Function
What role do neuroglia (glial cells) play in nervous tissue?
They serve as supporting cells.
p.7
Neuron Structure and Function
What role do neurons play in nervous tissue?
They are responsible for transmitting nerve impulses.
p.8
Neuron Structure and Function
How do neurons communicate with each other?
Through synapses using neurotransmitters.
What can trigger inflammation?
Trauma (physical injury) or infection (the presence of pathogens).
p.6
Neuron Structure and Function
What are dendrites?
Short branches extending from the cell body that receive incoming signals.
p.7
Nervous Tissue Overview
What is the function of glial cells?
To support and protect neurons.
What is an abscess?
Accumulation of pus (debris, fluids, and dying cells).
p.15
Aging Effects on Tissue
What is a common consequence of aging related to bruising?
Increased bruising occurs.
p.9
Tissue Response to Injury
What is the goal of regeneration in tissue response?
To restore normal function.
What do damaged cells release to activate mast cells?
Prostaglandins, proteins, and potassium ions.
p.4
Smooth Muscle Properties
Can smooth muscle cells divide and regenerate?
Yes, they can divide and regenerate.
p.7
Neuron Structure and Function
How do neurons communicate with each other?
Through synapses using neurotransmitters.
p.1
Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
What is the function of skeletal muscle?
Responsible for body movement.
p.11
Regeneration of Tissues
What is the ability of tissues to repair and regenerate?
It varies among different types of tissues.
p.3
Cardiac Muscle Structure and Function
What components are found in intercalated discs?
Proteoglycans, desmosomes, and gap junctions.
p.6
Neuron Structure and Function
What is the function of the cell body in a neuron?
It contains the nucleus, nucleolus, and organelles.
p.6
Neuron Structure and Function
What is the primary function of the axon?
To carry outgoing electrical signals to other cells.
p.13
Regeneration of Tissues
What is the difference between regeneration and repair?
Regeneration restores the original tissue, while repair may result in scar tissue.
p.11
Regeneration of Tissues
Which types of tissues regenerate well?
Epithelia, connective tissues (except cartilage), and smooth muscle.
What are the main signs of inflammation?
Redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function.
p.13
Regeneration of Tissues
What is tissue regeneration?
The process by which the body replaces damaged or lost tissue.
p.15
Aging Effects on Tissue
How does aging affect the structure of tissues?
Tissue becomes thinner and more fragile.
p.9
Tissue Response to Injury
What is the purpose of the inflammatory response?
To prevent infection and clear debris.
p.5
Neuron Structure and Function
What are the two main types of cells in nervous tissue?
Neurons and neuroglia (glial cells).
p.11
Regeneration of Tissues
What happens to damaged cardiac muscle cells?
They are replaced by fibrous tissue.
p.8
Neuron Structure and Function
What role do neurons play in the nervous system?
They are responsible for transmitting nerve impulses.
What is inflammation?
A biological response to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens or damaged cells.
p.1
Types of Muscle Tissue
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle.
p.13
Regeneration of Tissues
What factors can influence tissue regeneration?
Age, overall health, and the type of tissue involved.
p.8
Nervous Tissue Overview
What is the primary function of nervous tissue?
To transmit electrical signals throughout the body.
p.1
Types of Muscle Tissue
What is muscle tissue specialized for?
Contraction and movement.
p.8
Neuron Structure and Function
What is the significance of myelin in nervous tissue?
It insulates axons and increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission.
p.15
Aging Effects on Tissue
What happens to the rate of energy consumption in tissues as one ages?
The rate of energy consumption in tissues decreases.
p.2
Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
What type of cells make up skeletal muscle tissue?
Long, thin, multinucleate cells called muscle fibers.
p.7
Nervous Tissue Overview
What is the primary function of nervous tissue?
To transmit electrical signals throughout the body.
What role do lysosomal enzymes from immune cells play in tissue response?
They destroy injured cells, pathogens, and may damage surrounding tissues.
What role do white blood cells play in inflammation?
They help to fight infection and initiate the healing process.
p.6
Neuron Structure and Function
What is the axon in a neuron?
A long, thin process that carries outgoing electrical signals to other cells.
p.15
Aging Effects on Tissue
What hormonal changes occur due to aging?
Aging results in hormonal changes.
p.15
Aging Effects on Tissue
What accumulates in tissues as a result of aging?
Damage accumulates in tissues.
p.8
Nervous Tissue Overview
What is the function of glial cells?
To support and protect neurons.
p.7
Neuron Structure and Function
What is the significance of myelin in nervous tissue?
It insulates axons and increases the speed of nerve impulse transmission.
p.1
Smooth Muscle Properties
Where is smooth muscle located?
In the walls of hollow, contracting organs.
p.15
Aging Effects on Tissue
How does aging affect the speed and effectiveness of tissue regeneration?
The speed and effectiveness of tissue regeneration decrease.
p.6
Neuron Structure and Function
What role do dendrites play in neuronal function?
They receive incoming signals.
p.15
Aging Effects on Tissue
How does aging affect tissue repair and maintenance?
Aging slows repair and maintenance activities.
p.13
Regeneration of Tissues
What is scar tissue?
Fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue after injury.
