Because the hydroxyl groups can interact with water.
The presence of lipid.
Triglycerides consist of glycerol and three fatty acids.
It has a kinked tail.
Shake thoroughly and allow the solid to settle for 3 minutes.
They act as a protective layer for delicate internal organs.
A layer of cloudy white suspension forms at the top of the solution.
Triglycerides.
Usually 14 to 22 carbon atoms.
It creates a 'kink' or rigid bend in the hydrocarbon tail.
No, lipids are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.
1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids joined via ester bonds.
44.2 °C.
They prevent excessive heat loss, important for aquatic mammals.
They reduce the weight of the animals since less triglycerides need to be stored to provide the same amount of energy.
They are worse for heart health than saturated fats.
The composition of the tails (saturated, unsaturated, or a combination) affects the fluidity of the membrane.
The carboxylic acid group (-COOH).
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Due to their insolubility in water.
A condensation reaction.
Triglycerides.
Ester bonds are formed between glycerol and fatty acids.
Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
Through condensation reactions, forming two ester bonds and producing two water molecules.
The cell surface membrane and membranes of organelles.
Crush the food sample and place it in a dry test tube.
To observe the formation of an emulsion.
A glycerol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group.
Biochemical tests help identify and quantify lipids in biological samples.
The long hydrocarbon chain (fatty acid tail).
By joining fatty acids to an alcohol (e.g., glycerol) through ester linkages.
-11.0 °C.
It reacts with the carboxylic group of a fatty acid, removing a water molecule.
Yes, they can be the same or different, affecting the triglyceride's properties.
Lipids are not present.
Triglycerides serve as energy storage molecules.
Lipids have a lower proportion of oxygen to hydrogen compared to carbohydrates.
Triglycerides and waxes.
Phospholipids and glycolipids.
By zigzag lines with a double line for carbon to carbon double bonds.
They lack polar groups due to the condensation reactions.
As the length of the hydrocarbon tail increases, the melting point of the fatty acids increases.
Glycerol serves as the backbone for triglycerides and phospholipids.
Usually charged or polar molecules.
Source of metabolic water.
They contain about two times more hydrogen atoms than carbohydrates.
69.6 °C.
Simple lipids (e.g., triglycerides) and complex lipids (e.g., phospholipids).
Add a few drops of the liquid sample to a dry test tube, then add ethanol and deionized water, and shake thoroughly.
A long hydrocarbon chain and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH).
Saturated fatty acids do not possess carbon-carbon double bonds, while unsaturated fatty acids do.
Fats are solid at room temperature and are commonly found in butter and cheese.
Triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes.
The types of fatty acid chains they contain.
Phospholipids are essential for forming cell membranes.
Triglycerides yield about twice the quantity of energy (38 J g-1) compared to carbohydrates (17.2 KJ g-1).
Some cis bonds convert to trans bonds, which are worse for heart health.
An alcohol with three hydroxyl groups that is soluble in water.
A bilayer.
It allows for compartmentalization of cell contents from the external environment.
They affect the fluidity and permeability of the membrane.
It is produced from the oxidation of food.
They are large and uncharged, allowing them to be stored without affecting the water potential of cells.
Lipids are more reduced, containing more C-H bonds and fewer C-OH or C=O bonds, requiring more oxidation steps to fully oxidize.
Almost all cis bonds.
They have both a hydrophobic region (hydrocarbon tails) and a hydrophilic region (phosphate heads).
It affects their melting points.
The greater the number of carbon-carbon double bonds, the lower the melting point of the fatty acids.
A steroid nucleus with a hydroxyl group, such as cholesterol and sex hormones.
More double bonds create kinks in hydrocarbon tails, leading to weaker intermolecular interactions and a lower melting point.
2 cm³ above the level of the sample.
R = (CH2)n CH3.
They are less dense than water.
A phosphoester bond.
They are the major component of cell membranes.
Each carbon in saturated fatty acids has the maximum number of hydrogen atoms attached.
69.6 °C.
-5.0 °C.
They point outwards and make contact with water molecules.
They differ in their degree of saturation and the length of the hydrocarbon chain.
13.4 °C.
A carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings.
A diverse group of organic molecules that differ widely in size, structure, and functions, and are nonpolar and hydrophobic.
Oils are liquid at room temperature and can come from nuts, seeds, and fish.
They consist of a lipid and a non-lipid component.
