p.23
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What forms the pelvic floor?
Soft tissues covering the outlet of the pelvis.
p.30
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is the role of sutures and fontanelles in the fetal skull during labor?
They allow overriding of the fetal skull.
p.12
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What does the pelvis protect?
The internal and external reproductive organs.
What does Gravida represent in a pregnant history?
The number of times a woman has been pregnant.
p.20
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
How is labor progress determined?
By examination of the external os, measuring dilatation from 0cm to 10cm.
p.27
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What are the frontal bones in the fetal skull?
The left and right frontal bones.
p.40
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
What are the main components of breast tissue?
Glandular tissue, adipose tissue, and connective tissue.
p.17
Zygote and Embryo Development
What role does the uterus play in fetal development?
It allows for fetus development.
p.22
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is one function of the vagina related to menstrual flow?
It serves as a passage for menstrual flow.
p.40
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
What role does oxytocin play in lactation?
It stimulates milk ejection from the mammary glands.
p.52
Placenta Functions and Structure
Where is the placenta located?
At the site where the embryo attaches to the uterine wall, normally in the upper uterine segment.
p.38
Differential Diagnosis
What is the third step in differential diagnosis?
Nursing observation & assessment.
p.42
Pregnancy Terminology
What academic year does NUR502 AY24 - 25 refer to?
Academic Year 2024 - 2025.
p.13
Pelvic Types and Their Impact on Delivery
What are the four types of pelvis?
Anthropoid, Platypelloid, Gynaecoid, Android.
p.42
Pregnancy Terminology
What does the code NUR502 represent?
A specific nursing course.
p.27
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
Which bones are referred to as the parietal bones in the fetal skull?
The left and right parietal bones.
p.44
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
Which hormones prepare the breasts for lactation?
Oestrogen and progesterone.
p.46
Pregnancy Terminology
What is fertility?
The natural capability to produce offspring.
p.48
Zygote and Embryo Development
What happens to the chromosomes of the male and female pronucleus during fertilization?
They align to form a full chromosomal complement in the fertilized ovum.
p.11
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What are the two main components of the birth canal?
1. Rigid bony pelvis and uterus; 2. Soft tissues and muscles of the cervix, pelvic floor, and vagina.
p.52
Placenta Functions and Structure
What is the primary function of the placenta?
It serves as a means of metabolic and nutrient exchange between the embryonic and maternal circulation.
p.34
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is cephalohaematoma?
Bleeding between the periosteum and the skull due to pressure during birth.
p.24
Pelvic Types and Their Impact on Delivery
What is one primary function of the pelvic floor?
Supports the weight of the abdominal and pelvic organs.
p.25
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is the primary function of the uterus?
To house and nourish a developing fetus during pregnancy.
p.63
Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Functions
What is the appearance of amniotic fluid?
Clear, pale straw-colored, and slightly alkaline.
p.25
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What are the main parts of the uterus?
The fundus, body, and cervix.
p.1
Zygote and Embryo Development
What is an embryo?
The developmental stage of the zygote from implantation to 5-8 weeks.
p.29
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What are fontanelles?
Membranous, non-ossified areas of the skull where three or more sutures meet.
p.34
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What does cephalopelvic disproportion refer to?
When the baby's head is larger than the mother's pelvic opening.
p.35
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What can happen if cephalohaematoma is improperly treated?
It can lead to permanent brain damage.
p.10
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is the significance of understanding anatomy in obstetric nursing?
It helps in assessing and managing the health of the mother and fetus.
p.43
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
What hormonal change occurs after delivery that affects milk production?
Estrogen and progesterone levels decrease.
p.56
Placenta Functions and Structure
What types of infections can the placenta protect against?
It protects against bacterial infections but not viruses and certain smaller organisms.
p.31
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is the most favorable shape for dilating the cervix during vaginal delivery?
Vertex presentation (fully flexed head).
p.45
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is the primary focus of the course NUR502?
The anatomy and physiology of fertility, conception, and pregnancy.
p.65
Amniotic Fluid Functions
What is one function of amniotic fluid during labor?
It equalizes uterine pressure during contractions to protect the placenta and umbilical cord.
p.23
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What structures pass through the pelvic floor?
The urethra, vagina, and anal canal.
p.12
Pelvic Types and Their Impact on Delivery
How does the size and shape of a woman's pelvis affect childbirth?
It can affect her ability to deliver vaginally.
p.65
Amniotic Fluid Functions
How does amniotic fluid aid in cervical changes during labor?
It aids in the effacement of the cervix and dilatation of the cervical os.
p.30
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
How do sutures and fontanelles affect the shape of the fetal skull?
They temporarily alter the shape.
p.10
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is the focus of obstetric nursing?
Care for women during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum.
p.1
Zygote and Embryo Development
What is a zygote?
A fertilized ovum produced by the fusion of ovum and spermatozoon, from fertilization to implantation.
p.20
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What occurs during the onset of labor regarding the cervix?
Effacement and dilatation.
p.66
Fetal Development Stages
What is the primary focus of fetal development?
The growth and maturation of the fetus during pregnancy.
p.52
Placenta Functions and Structure
What is the typical color and shape of the placenta?
Purplish red in color and round in shape.
p.19
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is the role of the cervix os during pregnancy from the second to third trimester?
It remains closed until the onset of labor.
p.34
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What are some reasons for cephalohaematoma?
Difficult or prolonged birth, cephalopelvic disproportion, big baby, abnormal presentation, and use of birth-assisting tools.
p.10
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is the role of the nurse in obstetric care?
To provide support, education, and medical care to pregnant women.
p.35
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is a characteristic of cephalohaematoma regarding healing?
Usually heals without any major medical intervention.
p.51
Zygote and Embryo Development
What is the blastocyst in fetal development?
The inner cell mass that develops into embryonic cells.
p.40
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
What is the primary function of breasts?
To produce milk for lactation.
p.59
Pregnancy Terminology
What academic year does NUR502 AY24 - 25 refer to?
Academic Year 2024 - 2025.
p.30
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
Why are sutures and fontanelles important during vaginal examinations?
They serve as guiding points in locating the position.
p.67
Fetal Development Stages
What is the period defined as the fetal stage of development?
From the end of the 8th week until birth.
p.61
Umbilical Cord Anatomy and Function
What is one of the primary functions of the umbilical cord?
To transport oxygen and nutrients to the fetus from the mother.
p.18
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What part of the uterus does the cervix constitute?
The lower third of the uterus.
p.60
Umbilical Cord Anatomy and Function
What does the umbilical cord extend from and to?
From the placenta to the umbilicus of the fetus.
p.51
Zygote and Embryo Development
What systems are formed by the mesoderm?
Skeletal, urinary, circulatory, and reproductive systems.
p.61
Umbilical Cord Anatomy and Function
What is a true knot in relation to the umbilical cord?
An abnormality where the cord twists into a knot.
p.49
Zygote and Embryo Development
What forms when a sperm and ovum unite?
A zygote (46 chromosomes).
p.66
Fetal Development Stages
What significant changes occur during the fetal stage?
Rapid growth and maturation of organs and systems.
p.56
Placenta Functions and Structure
What type of immunity does the placenta provide to the fetus?
Passive immunity, such as the transfer of some IgG from the mother.
p.46
Pregnancy Terminology
What are some factors that human fertility depends on?
Nutrition, sexual behavior, culture, instinct, endocrinology, timing, economics, way of life, and emotions.
p.17
Zygote and Embryo Development
How does the uterus provide nourishment to the implanted ovum?
By deriving nourishment from blood.
What is stillbirth?
The fetus born without signs of life at or after 24 weeks of gestation, or with a birth weight over 500 grams when the gestation is uncertain.
p.53
Placenta Functions and Structure
How much does the placenta weigh compared to the baby's birth weight?
About 1/6 of the birth weight (400 - 600 gm).
p.64
Amniotic Fluid Functions
How does amniotic fluid affect fetal movement?
It promotes fetal movement.
p.21
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is the function of the rugae in the vagina?
They allow the vaginal walls to stretch and become smooth during childbirth.
p.53
Placenta Functions and Structure
What are cotyledons in the placenta?
Vascular units for the exchange of gases and nutrients.
p.50
Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Functions
What is the chorion?
The outermost protective membrane around the embryo.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
Can cephalohaematoma cross a suture line?
No, it never crosses a suture line.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
How does caput succedaneum change over time?
Tends to grow less as it gradually subsides.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
Does caput succedaneum pit on pressure?
Yes, it pits on pressure (oedematous swelling).
p.63
Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Functions
What is amniotic fluid?
Fluid that surrounds the growing fetus during pregnancy.
p.57
Placenta Functions and Structure
How does fetal blood flow to the chorionic villi?
Through the umbilical cord.
p.24
Pelvic Types and Their Impact on Delivery
What role does the pelvic floor play in elimination?
Responsible for the voluntary control of elimination.
p.34
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What birth-assisting tools can contribute to cephalohaematoma?
Forceps or vacuum delivery.
p.58
Placenta Functions and Structure
How does fetal blood flow to the chorionic villi?
Through the umbilical cord.
What does EDC stand for in obstetric nursing?
Estimated Date of Confinement.
p.29
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is the size and shape of the posterior fontanelle?
Small size and triangular shape.
p.47
Fetal Development Stages
What weeks does the embryonic stage cover?
From week 3 through week 8.
p.22
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What role does the vagina play in preventing infections?
It acts as a barrier to prevent ascending infection due to its acid secretion.
p.64
Amniotic Fluid Functions
What is one function of amniotic fluid during pregnancy?
Maintain constant temperature.
p.44
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
What role does oxytocin play in milk production?
It stimulates milk ejection.
What is 'Gestational age'?
The length of pregnancy after the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP).
p.41
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
How do fat and fibrous tissue in the breast respond to hormones?
They are sensitive to hormones, causing milk ductal sprouting and branching.
p.50
Placenta Functions and Structure
What are chorionic villi?
Structures that invade the endometrium and are part of the placenta.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
When is cephalohaematoma present?
Not present at birth, but appears after birth.
What is a Multipara (P2 or above)?
A woman who has delivered more than one viable child.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What does the size of caput succedaneum depend on?
The rate of labor progress.
p.66
Fetal Development Stages
What are the key stages of fetal development?
Germinal, embryonic, and fetal stages.
p.67
Fetal Development Stages
What occurs during the fetal stage?
Dramatic growth and refinement of all organ systems.
p.61
Umbilical Cord Anatomy and Function
What does the umbilical cord transport away from the fetus?
Waste products to the mother for excretion.
What does Parity indicate in pregnancy history?
The number of pregnancies that have reached a viable gestational age.
p.57
Placenta Functions and Structure
How do oxygen, nutrients, and other substances exchange between maternal and fetal blood?
Through diffusion and active transport.
p.51
Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Functions
What is the amnion?
The innermost thin protective membrane that combines with chorion to form the amniotic sac.
p.62
Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Functions
What is the function of the Chorion?
It is the outer membrane lining the uterine cavity and is continuous with the edge of the placenta.
p.33
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
Where does edema occur in caput succedaneum?
In the skin superficial to the skull and periosteum.
What does 'Multigravida' mean?
A woman who is pregnant more than once.
p.43
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
How is milk transported and stored in the breast?
Milk is transported in lactiferous ducts and stored in lactiferous sinus.
p.55
Placenta Functions and Structure
What is the significance of glucose for the fetus?
It provides energy release.
p.55
Placenta Functions and Structure
What is the role of iron in fetal development?
It is important for blood formation.
What is a Nullipara (P0)?
A woman who has never given birth to a viable child.
p.50
Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Functions
What is the purpose of amniotic fluid?
To protect the floating embryo.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
Does cephalohaematoma pit on pressure?
No, it does not pit on pressure.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
When does cephalohaematoma disappear?
Completely at about 4 - 6 weeks.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
Is cephalohaematoma harmful?
Yes, it can cause neonatal jaundice, anemia, and brain damage.
What does Gravida represent in pregnancy history?
The number of times a woman has been pregnant.
p.19
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
How does the cervix os support the baby during pregnancy?
It provides stable support for the baby's head.
p.49
Zygote and Embryo Development
What is the duration of the pre-embryonic stage of fetal development?
From fertilization to the 2nd week.
p.19
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What preparation does the cervix os allow for during pregnancy?
It allows the baby to descend into the uterus in preparation for birth.
p.66
Fetal Development Stages
What is the duration of the fetal stage?
From the 9th week of pregnancy until birth.
p.48
Zygote and Embryo Development
Where does fertilization take place?
In the ampulla of the fallopian tube.
p.61
Umbilical Cord Anatomy and Function
What is a jelly cord?
An abnormality of the umbilical cord characterized by a gelatinous appearance.
p.27
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What are the temporal bones in the fetal skull?
The left and right temporal bones.
p.44
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
Where is prolactin produced?
In the anterior pituitary gland.
p.18
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What are the two openings of the cervical canal?
External os and internal os.
What is an 'Elderly primigravida'?
A woman who is pregnant for the first time at or above age 35.
p.43
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
How long after birth can mammary glands produce milk?
Several days after birth.
p.33
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
How does caput succedaneum typically heal?
Usually heals without any major medical intervention.
What are the time frames for the three trimesters?
1st trimester: conception to 13 weeks 6 days; 2nd trimester: 14 weeks to 27 weeks 6 days; 3rd trimester: from 28 weeks till delivery.
What is considered 'Full term' for a fetus?
Born between 37 – 42 weeks of gestation.
What is 'Post-term' in obstetric terms?
A fetus born after 42 weeks of gestation.
p.50
Placenta Functions and Structure
What is the function of the placenta?
To allow exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and remove waste products from fetal blood.
p.39
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What should nurses monitor for in cases of cephalohematoma?
Growing size and hyperbilirubinemia.
p.39
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What care should be taken when handling an infant's head?
Care should be taken for both caput succedaneum and cephalohematoma.
What is the Gravida and Parity for a woman who is currently pregnant, has had 4 abortions, and has 1 baby girl?
Gravida: 6, Parity: 1. Write as G6P1.
p.16
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What are the three layers of the uterus?
Endometrium, Myometrium, and Perimetrium.
p.17
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is one function of the uterus related to other organs?
Support bladder and bowel.
p.51
Zygote and Embryo Development
What does the ectoderm develop into?
Central nervous system, special senses, skin, and glands.
p.59
Pregnancy Terminology
What does the code NUR502 represent?
A specific nursing course.
p.57
Placenta Functions and Structure
What do chorionic villi project into?
Surrounding maternal capillaries with a pool of maternal blood.
p.47
Fetal Development Stages
What is the duration of the pre-embryonic stage?
The first 2 weeks beginning with fertilization.
p.63
Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Functions
What is the composition of amniotic fluid?
98% water and 2% organic matter.
p.25
Pelvic Types and Their Impact on Delivery
How does the shape of the pelvis affect delivery?
Different pelvic types can influence the ease and method of delivery.
What does abortion refer to in obstetric nursing?
Ending of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus before it can survive outside the uterus, before 24 weeks of gestation.
p.33
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is caput succedaneum?
An area of edema over the presenting part of the fetus or newborn due to pressure against the cervix during labor.
p.62
Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Functions
Describe the characteristics of the Chorion.
Thick, opaque, and friable.
p.41
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
Which hormones increase during pregnancy affecting breast tissue?
Oestrogen and progesterone.
p.62
Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Functions
What is the function of the Amnion?
It is the inner membrane lining the umbilical cord and chorion.
p.32
Fetal Development Stages
What allows the fetal skull to change shape during birth?
The bones of the vault allow slight bending and overriding at the sutures.
What does maturity refer to in obstetric terms?
The age of the fetus, also known as gestational age.
p.32
Fetal Development Stages
What is the purpose of molding of the fetal skull?
It is a protective mechanism that prevents the fetal brain from being compressed.
What does Primipara (P1) mean?
A woman who has delivered one viable child.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
Can caput succedaneum cross a suture line?
Yes, it may cross a suture line.
What is the Gravida and Parity for a woman who is pregnant for the first time with no history of abortion?
Gravida: 1, Parity: 0. Write as G1P0.
p.56
Placenta Functions and Structure
What is one function of the placenta related to waste management?
Excretion of waste products through maternal circulation, such as CO2 and urea.
p.10
Fetal Development Stages
What are the key physiological changes during pregnancy?
Changes include increased blood volume, hormonal shifts, and changes in the cardiovascular system.
p.20
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is the role of the cervix during labor?
To allow the descent of the fetus and pass through the birth canal.
p.56
Placenta Functions and Structure
How does the placenta act as a protective barrier?
It provides a limited barrier to some bacterial infections and drugs from the mother.
p.36
Pregnancy Terminology
What academic year does AY24 - 25 refer to?
Academic Year 2024 - 2025.
p.41
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
What are the main components of breast anatomy?
Fat, fibrous tissue, and mammary glands.
p.51
Zygote and Embryo Development
What does the endoderm develop into?
Respiratory system, liver, pancreas, and digestive system.
What does 'Primigravida' refer to?
A woman who is pregnant for the first time.
p.55
Placenta Functions and Structure
What is the primary respiratory function of the placenta?
The fetus obtains oxygen from maternal circulation by simple diffusion and gives off CO2 to maternal circulation.
p.67
Fetal Development Stages
What is the normal weight range for full-term infants?
2,500 grams (about 5.5 lbs) to 4,000 grams (about 8.75 lbs).
What is considered 'Advanced maternal age'?
Pregnant women above age 35.
Define 'Labour' in obstetric terms.
The process by which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled through the birth canal after the 24th week of gestation.
p.55
Placenta Functions and Structure
What role do amino acids play in fetal development?
They are essential for tissue building.
What does 'Gravida' (G) refer to in obstetric nursing?
The number of pregnancies of a pregnant woman.
p.39
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is the primary treatment approach for cephalohematoma?
Observational and reassurance.
What is the Gravida and Parity for a woman who is pregnant for the third time and has 1 boy and 1 girl?
Gravida: 3, Parity: 2. Write as G3P2.
What does Parity represent in a pregnant history?
The number of pregnancies that have reached a viable gestational age.
p.1
Fetal Development Stages
What is a fetus?
An unborn child from the 8th week until term.
p.60
Umbilical Cord Anatomy and Function
What is the average length and diameter of the umbilical cord?
About 50 cm in length and 2 cm in diameter.
p.22
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
How does the vagina facilitate reproduction?
It acts as a passage for spermatozoa deposited during sexual intercourse.
p.24
Pelvic Types and Their Impact on Delivery
What can pelvic floor injury during childbirth lead to?
Incontinence and uterine prolapse.
p.18
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is the function of the mucus plug in the cervical canal?
To prevent ascending infection.
p.63
Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Functions
What are some components of the organic matter in amniotic fluid?
Nutrients, electrolytes, metabolites/waste products, fetal skin cells, vernix, and lanugo.
p.43
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
What happens to the alveoli during milk ejection?
They contract and eject milk into the ducts through the nipple.
p.47
Fetal Development Stages
When does the fetal stage begin and end?
From week 8 through birth.
p.15
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
How is the uterus normally positioned?
Bent slightly forward (anteflexion).
p.64
Amniotic Fluid Functions
What role does amniotic fluid play in fetal growth?
It permits symmetric growth and development.
p.32
Fetal Development Stages
What is molding of the fetal skull?
Change of shape of the fetal head during passage through the birth canal.
p.44
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
What triggers the let-down reflex?
Mental and physical stimuli, such as seeing the baby or baby suckling.
p.64
Amniotic Fluid Functions
What protective function does amniotic fluid serve for the fetus?
Cushions the fetus from trauma.
p.28
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
List two other types of sutures besides the frontal suture.
Coronal Suture and Sagittal Suture.
p.64
Amniotic Fluid Functions
What type of substances does amniotic fluid provide to the fetus?
Some nutritive substances.
What defines a Grand multipara (P5)?
A woman who has delivered five or more viable children.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
Is cephalohaematoma unilateral or bilateral?
Bilateral is common (double cephalohaematoma).
p.24
Pelvic Types and Their Impact on Delivery
How does the pelvic floor assist during childbirth?
Supports the weight of the uterus and controls movements of the fetus through the birth canal.
p.25
Pelvic Types and Their Impact on Delivery
What role does the pelvic structure play in pregnancy?
It supports the uterus and facilitates childbirth.
p.36
Pregnancy Terminology
What is the significance of the number 48 in the context?
It may refer to a specific page or section in the referenced work.
p.15
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is a notable feature of the uterus regarding blood supply?
It has a rich blood supply.
p.55
Placenta Functions and Structure
How does the fetus receive oxygen?
Through simple diffusion from maternal circulation.
p.22
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is the vagina's function during delivery?
It serves as the exit for the fetus during delivery.
p.46
Pregnancy Terminology
How does nutrition affect fertility?
Nutrition plays a crucial role in the natural capability to produce offspring.
p.28
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What are sutures in the context of the skull?
Areas of membranes which have not been ossified.
What does 'Preterm' refer to?
A fetus born before 37 weeks of gestation.
p.28
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is the lambdoid suture?
One of the sutures in the skull.
What is the Gravida and Parity for a woman who has 5-year-old twins and had 1 abortion last year?
Gravida: 3, Parity: 2. Write as G3P2.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
When does caput succedaneum disappear?
Completely within 24 - 48 hours.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
Is caput succedaneum unilateral or bilateral?
Unilateral (double caput is rare).
p.58
Placenta Functions and Structure
What surrounds the chorionic villi in the placenta?
Maternal capillaries with a pool of maternal blood.
What does G1P0 signify?
Gravida 1 (first pregnancy) and Parity 0 (no viable births).
p.60
Umbilical Cord Anatomy and Function
How many vessels are in the umbilical cord and what are they?
2 umbilical arteries and 1 umbilical vein.
p.58
Placenta Functions and Structure
What processes allow the exchange of oxygen and nutrients between maternal and fetal blood?
Diffusion and active transport.
p.64
Amniotic Fluid Functions
How does amniotic fluid contribute to fluid balance during pregnancy?
It maintains fluid and electrolyte balance.
p.48
Zygote and Embryo Development
What is formed when the two cell membranes fuse after fertilization?
A single cell called the zygote.
p.44
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
Where is oxytocin produced?
In the posterior pituitary gland.
p.50
Fetal Development Stages
What major structures develop during the embryonic stage?
Basic structures of the major body.
p.32
Fetal Development Stages
What happens to the size of the presenting part of the fetal head during molding?
There is a reduction in the size of the presenting part.
p.39
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is the typical resolution time for cephalohematoma?
Between two weeks to six months.
p.16
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What is the function of the endometrium?
Contains a rich blood supply.
p.40
Breast Anatomy and Lactation Physiology
What is the significance of colostrum?
It is the first milk produced after childbirth, rich in antibodies.
What is another term for Estimated Delivery Date?
Expected Date of Delivery (EDD).
p.55
Placenta Functions and Structure
What nutrients are transported to the fetus through the placenta?
Amino acids, glucose, calcium, phosphate, iron, water, and vitamins.
What is a trimester in the context of pregnancy?
A period of one third of a pregnancy.
p.28
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
When does the frontal suture fuse?
In early adulthood when ossification of the skull completes.
p.46
Pregnancy Terminology
How can emotions influence fertility?
Emotions can impact reproductive health and the ability to conceive.
p.55
Placenta Functions and Structure
Why are calcium and phosphate important for the fetus?
They are crucial for bone and teeth development.
What is 'Para' or 'Parity' (P) in obstetric terms?
The number of births to an infant, alive or dead, after 24 weeks or over 500 grams.
p.32
Fetal Development Stages
What conditions can make molding of the fetal skull harmful?
If it is excessive, too rapid, or in an unfavorable direction.
p.39
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
When should a referral to appropriate neonatal care be made?
In cases of cephalohematoma.
p.37
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
How does cephalohaematoma change over time?
May increase in size in the first 1 to 2 days.
p.51
Umbilical Cord Anatomy and Function
What is the function of the umbilical cord?
Supplies blood and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus.
p.50
Fetal Development Stages
What is the period of the embryonic stage of fetal development?
From the end of the 2nd week through the 8th week.
p.46
Pregnancy Terminology
What role does timing play in human fertility?
Timing is essential for successful reproduction.
p.39
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is the primary treatment approach for caput succedaneum?
Observational and reassurance.
p.62
Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid Functions
Describe the characteristics of the Amnion.
Smooth, transparent, and tough.
p.39
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
How long does it typically take for caput succedaneum to self-resolve?
Within forty-eight hours.
p.64
Amniotic Fluid Functions
How does amniotic fluid help with umbilical cord health?
It prevents umbilical cord compression.
p.39
Cervical Role in Pregnancy and Labor
What is an important aspect of parent education regarding caput succedaneum?
Discuss variances and when they should resolve.
p.16
Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
What are the three sections of the uterus?
Fundus, Corpus, and Cervix.