p.11
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What role does the state play in supporting the bourgeoisie according to the theory of imperialism?
The state intervenes to support the bourgeoisie.
p.5
Historical Origins of Global Economic Crises
What event marked the beginning of the first worldwide economic crisis?
The failure of the Ohio Life Insurance & Trust Company on August 24, 1857.
p.18
Limitations of Marxist Approaches in IR
What important factors does Marxism ignore in International Relations?
Politics, ideology, nationalism, resilience of the state, and military power.
p.7
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What is crucial for understanding historical analysis in International Relations?
The history of the production process.
p.10
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What role did colonies play in relation to surplus goods?
They served as a dumping ground for surplus goods produced in factories.
p.2
Vaccine Inequity and Global Governance
What has the unequal distribution of COVID vaccines led to?
Deepened inequality and exaggerated the gap between rich and poor.
What is the context in which international relations take place according to World Systems Theory?
Within the world capitalist system since the long 16th century.
p.9
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What is one core assumption about the dynamics of the international system?
It influences the structure of the global system.
p.3
Marxism in International Relations
Is Marxism considered a type of political activism or an International Relations theory?
This question seeks to clarify the role of Marxism in political and academic contexts.
p.10
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What was one of the economic motivations for imperialism mentioned?
To exploit cheap slave labor available in the colonies.
What does the transnational division of labor refer to?
Relations and relations of production across different countries.
p.17
Global Capitalist System and Class Struggle
What is a significant concern regarding global inequalities?
They are growing, and attention should be paid to the 'losers' in the system.
p.18
Limitations of Marxist Approaches in IR
How does Marxism view nationalism in relation to transnationalism?
It tends to overlook the significance of nationalism.
p.19
Marxism in International Relations
How is Marxism applied to contemporary cases?
By analyzing current global issues through the lens of class struggle and economic exploitation.
p.7
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What model describes the relationship between modes of production and the political sphere?
Base-Superstructure model.
p.2
Vaccine Inequity and Global Governance
What characterized the competition for vaccines?
Competition rather than cooperation.
What is the relationship between the periphery and the core?
The periphery is exploited by the core.
p.9
Global Capitalist System and Class Struggle
What do opportunities for some states and constraints for others indicate?
The unequal dynamics within the international capitalist system.
p.1
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What is the view of the state in Realism?
Insecure, selfish, and power- or security-seeking.
p.1
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What are the arguments or theories associated with Realism?
1. Balance of power 2. Security dilemma.
p.7
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
How are changes in society explained according to historical analysis?
As a reflection of the economic development of society.
p.17
Gramscian Theory of Hegemony
What is a Gramscian interpretation of the Liberal International Order (LIO)?
It views the US as the 'core' of the core in global structure pushing for its interests.
p.16
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What organizations exist to maintain stable political and economic relations between independent states?
Bretton Woods institutions, such as the IMF and the World Bank, and the UN.
p.19
Dependency Theory and World System Theory
What does dependency theory focus on?
The relationship between developed and developing countries and how resources flow from the latter to the former.
What is meant by the 'semi-periphery' category?
A classification of states that are neither core nor periphery.
p.6
Marxism in International Relations
What concept did Marx and Engels address in their writings?
'Geopolitical deficiency.'
p.1
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
Who are some major theorists of Liberalism?
Grotius, Adam Smith, Kant, Wilson, Keohane, Ikenberry.
p.19
Historical Origins of Global Economic Crises
What are the historical origins discussed in the context of international relations?
The foundational events and developments that shaped current international relations theories.
p.19
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What are the core assumptions of international relations?
Fundamental beliefs that underpin various theories in international relations.
p.3
Marxism in International Relations
What famous quote reflects the activist nature of Marxism?
"The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways; the point is to change it."
p.15
Gramscian Theory of Hegemony
What significant event influenced Gramscianism's development?
The failure of workers’ revolution in the West.
p.19
Limitations of Marxist Approaches in IR
What are some limitations of Marxist approaches in international relations?
Critiques include its deterministic nature and inability to account for non-economic factors.
p.1
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What are the divisions or sub-schools of Realism?
1. Classical realists 2. Neorealists 3. Neoclassical realists
p.1
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What are the arguments or theories associated with Constructivism?
1. Normative change 2. Securitization.
p.4
Limitations of Marxist Approaches in IR
What are the limitations of Marxist approaches?
Limitations include its deterministic view of history, neglect of non-class factors, and challenges in addressing contemporary issues.
p.10
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What did Rhodes suggest about colonies?
They should provide raw materials, cheap labor, and a dumping ground for surplus goods.
p.17
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What does US global activism aim to achieve?
A capitalist world order favorable to its interests.
p.3
Global Capitalist System and Class Struggle
Is everything about the economy and class inequality?
This is a question posed to explore the depth of economic and class issues.
p.9
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What type of international system is described?
A hierarchical international system.
p.5
Historical Origins of Global Economic Crises
What factors contributed to the 1857 global economic crisis?
Global interconnected system, market, uneven and combined development, and inequalities.
p.8
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What role does the state play according to these assumptions?
It is only the executing agent of capitalist elites.
p.6
Marxism in International Relations
What fields does Marxism intersect with in the context of International Relations?
International political economy (IPE) and historical sociology.
p.12
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What does the term 'monopoly of industrial-financial capital' refer to?
The international expansion of dominant industrial and financial powers.
p.2
Vaccine Inequity and Global Governance
How did developed countries respond to vaccine distribution?
They were far more likely to vaccinate their citizens and hoard vaccine stocks.
p.2
Vaccine Inequity and Global Governance
What impact did vaccine inequity have on human development?
It reversed decades of hard-won progress on human development.
p.2
Vaccine Inequity and Global Governance
What was vaccine equity a test for?
Global governance and the political economy of the future.
p.5
Historical Origins of Global Economic Crises
What was the global reach of the 1857 crisis by the end of the year?
It reached continental Europe, Latin America, South Africa, Australia, and Asia.
p.9
Global Capitalist System and Class Struggle
What drives state behavior in the global capitalist system?
The global distribution of means of production.
p.12
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What led to colonial expansion according to Lenin in 1917?
Processes of capitalist accumulation.
p.7
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What three elements are specifically related in historical analysis?
Means of production, social relations, and power.
p.18
Limitations of Marxist Approaches in IR
What is a key limitation of Marxism in International Relations regarding economic determinism?
It questions whether the political sphere is always shaped by economic forces.
p.18
Limitations of Marxist Approaches in IR
What does Marxism suggest about classes in International Relations?
It suggests that classes are the main actors in IR.
p.2
Vaccine Inequity and Global Governance
What are the interlinked interests affecting vaccine distribution?
Political interests, business interests, and public health.
p.16
Vaccine Inequity and Global Governance
How does membership in international organizations affect weaker countries?
It invariably curbs their freedom.
How does the location of states affect their international relations?
It determines their relations and foreign policies.
p.5
Historical Origins of Global Economic Crises
What new phenomenon did a German exile diagnose in London during the 1857 crisis?
A global economic crisis as a feature of a global capitalist system.
p.16
Global Capitalist System and Class Struggle
What do cross-country business interests ensure?
Secure property rights, low taxation, and the independence of central banks.
p.1
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What are the core assumptions of Liberalism?
1. Domestic institutions 2. Interdependence 3. International organization & rules
p.11
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What are the three main factors identified by Hobson (1902) that contribute to imperialism?
Overproduction, underconsumption, and oversavings.
p.11
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What is seen as a solution to the issues of overproduction, underconsumption, and oversavings?
Expansion into new markets.
p.11
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What developments are associated with the expansion of globalizing capitalism?
New markets, investments, and wage competition.
What does the Latin American Dependency school emphasize?
The development of the periphery depending on the core.
p.17
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What strategic ideologies does the US focus on for economic security?
Access to resources and freedom of navigation.
p.17
Transnational Actors and Global Inequality
What role do transnational actors play in international relations?
They include a global business class, transnational defense-industrial class, and transnational civil society.
p.18
Limitations of Marxist Approaches in IR
What reductionist view does Marxism hold about the state?
It presents a reductionist view of the state.
p.9
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What is a by-product of imperialism in the context of international relations?
The expansion of the economic system beyond Europe.
p.18
Limitations of Marxist Approaches in IR
What role does Marxism assign to the state in International Relations?
It often underestimates the resilience of the state as a major actor.
p.16
Global Capitalist System and Class Struggle
What must be followed by increasingly tight conditions on domestic policy?
Provision of funds above a certain sum.
p.15
Gramscian Theory of Hegemony
How does Gramscianism redefine political power?
As a more subtle form resting upon consent, not just coercion.
p.6
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What economic theory did Marx and Engels respond to?
Commercial liberalism (Smith, Cobden).
p.8
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
How do economic processes relate to state borders?
They ignore state borders.
p.1
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
Who are some major theorists of Realism?
Thucydides, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Morgenthau, Waltz, Mearsheimer, Herz.
p.12
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What was a source of conflict during World War I?
Inter-imperialistic rivalry.
p.4
Marxism in International Relations
What are the key assumptions of Marxism?
Marxism assumes that economic factors drive historical development and that class struggle is central to societal change.
p.16
Global Capitalist System and Class Struggle
What does the international economic order rest on?
Deep inequality and the infringement of the sovereignty of weaker states.
p.19
Gramscian Theory of Hegemony
What is Gramsci's contribution to the concept of global hegemony?
His theory emphasizes the role of cultural and ideological dominance in maintaining power.
p.15
Gramscian Theory of Hegemony
What does Gramscianism emphasize in contrast to economic determinism?
Subjectivity, culture, and ideology.
p.15
Gramscian Theory of Hegemony
What are examples of ruling hegemonic ideas mentioned?
Washington Consensus and Neoliberalism.
p.1
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What is the view of the state in Constructivism?
Artifact, socially constructed.
p.4
Marxism in International Relations
What is the relevance of Marxism today?
Marxism remains relevant in analyzing global inequalities, capitalism, and social movements.
p.16
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What type of external interference in domestic affairs is noted in the text?
A subtler kind than in the 19th century.
p.6
Marxism in International Relations
Which theorists are associated with early applications of Marxism to International Relations?
Hobson, Hilferding, Lenin.
p.1
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What are the core assumptions of Realism?
1. Statism 2. Survival 3. Self-help
p.4
Marxism in International Relations
What are some approaches within Marxism?
Approaches within Marxism include historical materialism, cultural Marxism, and critical Marxism.
p.3
Marxism in International Relations
Is Marxism useful for understanding today's International Relations?
This question examines the relevance of Marxism in contemporary global politics.
p.5
Historical Origins of Global Economic Crises
What emerged as a result of the 1857 crisis?
An intellectual tradition that inspired a political movement across the globe.
p.1
Core Assumptions of Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism
What is the view of the international system in Liberalism?
Anarchy but progress is possible towards a liberal international order.
p.14
Global Capitalist System and Class Struggle
What is the focus of the world system organization established in the late 20th century?
To analyze global economic and political systems.
p.15
Gramscian Theory of Hegemony
What role does hegemonic discourse play according to Gramscianism?
It serves diverse interests, coopts, and divides opponents.
What theories are associated with Dependency theory and World-systems theory?
Cardoso, Wallerstein, Andre Gunder Frank, Samir Amin, Rosenberg.
p.12
Imperialism and Dependency Theory
What is the 'law of uneven development'?
A concept that explains the disparities in economic development across different regions.
p.4
Marxism in International Relations
What are the intellectual sources of Marxism?
Marxism draws from various philosophical, economic, and social theories, including Hegelian dialectics and classical political economy.
