The five-ship Armada of Molucca was the fleet led by Ferdinand Magellan during his expedition to find a westward route to the Spice Islands.
Ferdinand Magellan was killed during the voyage in what is now the Philippines.
Pigafetta reported that they saw mines of gold on the island where they met Raia Calambu.
During the Battle of Mactan, Magellan fought bravely against the indigenous forces, attempting to provide an opportunity for his men to retreat.
The Archipelago of St. Lazarus refers to the group of islands encountered by Magellan during his expedition, which includes Humunu Island.
Antonio Pigafetta served as Magellan's assistant during the expedition and documented the journey in an accurate journal.
After Magellan's death, Antonio Pigafetta continued the voyage around the world.
Magellan was specifically targeted because the natives recognized him as the captain-general, making him a key figure in the conflict.
It documents the first circumnavigation of the globe, providing insights into exploration and navigation during the Age of Discovery.
The natives aimed for the legs of the enemies, as they perceived that the bodies were protected with armors.
The natives gave them fish, palm wine (uraca), figs, two cochos (fruits from palm trees), rice (umai), cocos, and other food supplies.
The King of Cebu consulted with his council before meeting with Magellan and his men to discuss the Blood Compact.
Magellan's Encounter with the People refers to the confrontation between Magellan's crew and the local islanders, where the crew faced resistance despite their gunfire, leading to a chaotic exchange of projectiles.
Pigafetta noted that at old age, parents were no longer taken into account and had to follow the orders of their children, who became the new leaders.
Antonio Pigafetta was unable to join because he was nursing his battle wounds.
Magellan stated that his faith required children to render honor and obedience to their parents.
Zula was a principal man from the island of Matan (Mactan) who sought Magellan's assistance in fighting the chief named Silapulapu.
The Departure of what was left of Magellan’s Fleet from the islands involved the remaining ships leaving the Philippines after the death of Magellan, continuing the journey of circumnavigation despite significant losses.
Magellan insisted that they should put their faith in Jesus Christ, highlighting the religious aspect of his interactions with the local people.
Henry was a slave who betrayed Magellan's men by informing the King of Cebu about their intentions to leave the islands.
A balangay is a long boat full of people, specifically mentioned in the context of Mazzava, Mazaua, an island in the Visayas.
Pigafetta detailed in fascination and amazement the palm tree which bore fruits called cocho, and wine, and described what seemed like a coconut.
Magellan and his men intended to visit the islands of Ceylon (Leyte), Bohol, and Zzubu (Cebu) to acquire more supplies and provisions.
The musketeers and crossbow-men fired for half an hour but did not inflict significant damage on the islanders.
The King offered gifts of any value and amount as a memento of their victory over Magellan.
The expedition was commanded by Juan Sebastián Elcano after the death of Ferdinand Magellan.
The Ladrones Islands, known as the Marianas Islands today, are located south-southeast of Japan, west-southwest of Hawaii, north of New Guinea, and east of the Philippines.
Juan Serrano was a man presented to the crew of Magellan's fleet, who shouted at them asking for ransom to spare his life.
Magellan spoke about peace and God, which was well-received by the people of Cebu, indicating a positive interaction and potential for cultural exchange.
The eldest child of the King, who was a daughter, would be the next in line.
Antonio Pigafetta was a Venetian scholar and explorer who joined Ferdinand Magellan's expeditions and served as his assistant, keeping an accurate journal of the journey.
The captain divided his men into two bands to respond to the attack from the islanders.
Antonio Pigafetta was an Italian explorer who documented the first circumnavigation of the globe and assisted in translating the Cebuano language.
Antonio Pigafetta recounted the last moments of Magellan, highlighting his concern for the safety of his men during the battle.
They were perceived to be blasphemous, barbaric, and even demonic.
The King, who allowed for the cross to be planted as part of the encounter with Magellan.
The custom involved making presents to each other, which was a practice that previous captains had observed during their visits.
King Raia Calambu was a local leader who offered to pilot Magellan and his men to Cebu, the largest and richest island among those they intended to visit.
The King of Cebu was baptized as a Christian.
Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese explorer known for leading the first expedition to successfully circumnavigate the globe.
Pigafetta reported that both Kings participated in the Mass by kissing the cross, although they did not offer anything.
Magellan requested money for the needs of his ships and expressed that he came to the islands as a friend, not as an enemy.
Seeing that Magellan was already weakened, more natives came to attack him, intensifying their assault.
The cross, along with the nails and crown, symbolized Magellan's emperor and was intended to signify Spanish presence and influence in the newly reached territories.
Pigafetta characterized the people as 'very familiar', indicating a friendly and approachable nature.
The people eat the white marrow of the cocho fruit fresh, often with meat and fish.
Magellan decided to land in another uninhabited island for greater security where they could rest for a few days.
Magellan realized that the men were reasonable and welcomed them with food, drinks, and gifts.
Henry advised the King that by following his counsel, the King could acquire the ships and goods of Magellan's fleet.
Pigafetta's documentation is the first recorded document concerning the Cebuano language.
The image of the Infant Jesus was made by Antonio Pigafetta himself.
Pigafetta's surviving journal is the primary source for much of what is known about Magellan and Elcano's voyage.
Pigafetta’s book became a classic, comparable to the works of William Shakespeare.
The islanders of Mactan were estimated to number one thousand five hundred (1,500).
The jewels were intended as a tribute to the King of Spain, showcasing the wealth and resources acquired during Magellan's expedition.
Raia Calambu was a local leader who attended the Mass presided by Magellan on Easter Sunday, bringing two dead pigs as an offering.
Pigafetta's men used muskets and crossbows to fire at the islanders.
The King of Cebu was a local ruler who interacted with Magellan and offered gifts in exchange for Magellan's body after the battle.
Zula was a chief who refused to obey the King and was preventing him from doing so.
It examines political caricatures that reflect the social and political climate in the Philippines during the American colonial period.
The mass ordered by Magellan that is historically significant as the first mass held in the Philippines.
The islanders were fifteen hundred (1500) in number, drawn up in three squadrons, who attacked Pigafetta and his men.
The islanders shouted loudly, avoided gunfire by moving side to side, and approached Magellan's crew while throwing arrows, javelins, spears, stones, and mud.
The Death (Battle of Mactan) refers to the confrontation where Ferdinand Magellan was killed by the forces of Lapu-Lapu, marking a pivotal moment in the expedition and resistance against foreign colonization.
Magellan died in the Battle of Mactan after being pierced with a poisoned arrow in his right leg.
Magellan's slave and interpreter assisted in communication and navigation during the expedition, providing crucial support.
Magellan offered three boats and expressed his desire to go to Mactan himself to fight Zula.
Juan Serrano was abandoned by the fleet when they refused to pay his ransom and left Cebu to continue their journey around the world.
Magellan’s Cross is a cross that was erected by Ferdinand Magellan and is still preserved to this day.
The King of Cebu offered a bit of his blood from his right arm as a sign of affection and requested Magellan to reciprocate.
Henry's betrayal led to a conspiracy with the King of Cebu against what was left of Magellan's men, ultimately endangering their safety.
The Mass was conducted daily by the shore, symbolizing the introduction of Christianity to the local inhabitants.
The negotiation ended with both parties exchanging available resources.
The battle began when Magellan's forces arrived in Mactan in daylight.
The natives had slain all of the men except the interpreter and Juan Serrano.
The King of the balangay offered Magellan a bar of gold, which Magellan declined.
Magellan was wounded in his arm, which prevented him from lifting his sword during the battle.
The King promised that he would always be faithful to Magellan.
On the 25th of March, Magellan's expedition left Humunu Island after encountering the local people and leaders.
The second rind of the cocho fruit is burned, as it is useful for the people.
Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese mariner whose expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe in 1519-22 in the service of Spain.
The Blood Compact is a ceremonial act where the King of Cebu offered a bit of his blood and requested Magellan to do the same as a sign of friendship and alliance.
Raia Calambu is described as the King of Zuluan, noted for his handsome appearance and abundance of gold accessories and weaponry.
The Battle of Mactan was a conflict where Magellan and his men faced overwhelming resistance from the indigenous forces, ultimately leading to Magellan's death.
On March 31, which was Easter Sunday, Magellan ordered a Mass to be held by the shore, attended by local leaders including Raia Calambu.
A balangay is a type of boat used in the Philippines, often associated with the early maritime culture of the region.
Cocho is a fruit produced by a palm, described as being large, about the size of a head, with a green husk that is two fingers thick. It has a hard inner rind and a white marrow that is edible.
A few of Magellan's men charged at the natives and tried to intimidate them by burning an entire village.
On March 18, nine men came to them and showed joy and eagerness in seeing them.
The King of the balangay was the leader who sent his men to Magellan's ship and engaged in negotiations with the Europeans.
Raia Calambu was noted to have gold accessories, gold weaponries, including gold daggers carried in a polished wooden sheath.
Magellan encouraged the King to burn all symbolisms/idols and worship the cross instead.
The people were reportedly convinced and wished to become Christians through their free will, not because they were forced or intimidated.
On the 14th of April, the people gathered with the King and other principal men of the islands.
Humunu Island, also known as Homonhon, is referred to as the 'Watering Place of Good Signs' and is notable for being the location where Magellan's expedition first found signs of gold.
The threads found in the husk of the cocho fruit can be used to make chords for fastening boats.
Magellan boasted that his men were in armor that could not be struck with swords and daggers.
Magellan's interpreter explained that Magellan's King was the emperor of a great empire and that it would be better to make friends than to forge enmity.
A miracle refers to an extraordinary event that is attributed to divine intervention, exemplified by the sick man who spoke again after being baptized by Magellan's crew.
The captain shouted not to fire, indicating a desire to avoid escalating the conflict, but his orders were not heeded by his crew.
Only 22 of the original 270 crew members made it back from Magellan's expedition.
It is a foundational document of the Katipunan, outlining the principles and values of the revolutionary movement in the Philippines.
Magellan shared how they found the islands using his charts and maps.
The expedition resulted in the first circumnavigation of the world, with Pigafetta being one of the 18 men who completed the trip and returned to Spain in 1522.
Antonio Pigafetta chronicled the First Voyage Around the World by Magellan, providing firsthand observations and general impressions of the expedition, including their arrival in the Philippines.
A native with a great sword delivered a blow to Magellan's left leg, causing him to fall face down.
Magellan ordered that the cross be brought with nails and crowns in place to symbolize his emperor's authority and the Spanish claim to the land.
The King of Cebu demanded tribute from Magellan and his men as it was customary.
Pigafetta recounted that Magellan's expedition saw two ballanghai, which are traditional boats used by the local leaders.
Antonio Pigafetta was an Italian explorer and chronicler who documented Magellan's expedition and provided valuable accounts of the journey.
The natives refused to burn their idols because they believed they were necessary for healing a sick relative of the King.
Magellan refused to pay tribute because he was a captain of a King himself and believed it was inappropriate to pay tribute to other Kings.
The King was fascinated and remarked that men in such armor could be worth one hundred of his men.
Magellan's forces numbered forty-nine (49) in total.
Pigafetta’s travelogue highlights Magellan’s arrival in the Philippines and his encounters with the local people.
In 1518, Magellan was appointed admiral of the Spanish Fleet and given command of the expedition to circumnavigate the globe.
The isle of Zamal, now known as Samar, was reached by Magellan's expedition ten days after arriving at another island.
After eight days, Pigafetta counted that all of the island's inhabitants were already baptized.
The local people were kneeling and adored our Lord with joined hands, indicating their reverence during the Mass.
It marks the declaration of Philippine independence from Spanish colonial rule, symbolizing the country's quest for sovereignty.
Magellan showed the King his other weapons, helmets, and artillery, as well as his charts and maps.
Ferdinand Magellan was born on 4 February 1480 into a family of minor Portuguese nobility and became a skilled sailor and naval officer in service of the Portuguese Crown in Asia.
