Se afirmó que los bienes de una empresa son propiedad de la empresa y no de sus accionistas.
Lord Cranworth observó que el remedio directo de un acreedor es únicamente contra la empresa incorporada y no tiene trato con ningún accionista.
In a popular sense, a company may be said to carry on business for and on behalf of its shareholders, but this does not constitute the relation of principal and agent between them or render the shareholders liable to indemnify the company against its debts.
Incorporated companies, close corporations, and foundations are generally recognized as legal persons.
Una empresa incorporada tiene sus propios derechos y responsabilidades legales, y los procedimientos legales en relación con ellos deben, como regla general, ser llevados a cabo en su propio nombre.
Legal personality allows an association of persons to be recognized as a distinct legal entity, separate from its individual members.
Se destacó que mientras una empresa sea reconocida por la legislatura, los contratos y compromisos hechos en su nombre deben ser considerados como de la empresa hasta que se demuestre lo contrario.
A company conducts its business through its directors, servants, or agents, not by its members in their capacity as such.
The existence of a company ceases only upon its liquidation in proceedings under the Insolvency Act.
A juristic person is a fictitious creature of statute law with its own personality and attributes peculiar to bodies corporate.
The Companies Act, 2015 provides for incorporation by registration or conversion of the status (or legal form) of a company.
Mr. Lee was appointed the governing director of the company and employed as its chief pilot.
El principio de que el capital social recaudado por los suscriptores pertenece a la empresa y requiere protección contra la apropiación no autorizada.
The Act gives a company a legal existence with rights and liabilities, regardless of the ideas or schemes of those who brought it into existence.
No, the House of Lords found no evidence of fraud or impropriety by Salomon.
La 'incorporación' se refiere a la formación mediante registro de una asociación comercial que adquiere una personalidad separada de sus miembros, con amplia capacidad legal y poder para mantener propiedades, contraer deudas por las cuales sus miembros no son responsables y no pueden ser llamados a rendir cuentas legalmente.
The company is at law a different person altogether from the subscribers to the memorandum, and it is not the agent of the subscribers.
Non-compliance with statutory requirements for registration constitutes an unincorporated association, which is not recognized as a legal entity.
El juez Vaugham Williams sostuvo que Salomon y la empresa eran esencialmente la misma persona y que Salomon, en lugar de reclamar como acreedor asegurado, debería ser responsable de las deudas de la empresa sin límite a su responsabilidad, como si todavía fuera un comerciante individual.
The decision recognized that a company is a separate legal entity that conducts its own business, owns property, enters into contracts, and incurs debts enforceable against it, separate from its individual members.
Lindley LJ observó que el tribunal está obligado a reconocer la incorporación de la empresa y a dar efecto a todas las consecuencias de dicha incorporación.
The principle of corporate personality.
If the limited company was a legal entity, the business belonged to it and not to Mr. Salomon.
Lord Herschell pointed out that although a company may carry on business for and on behalf of its shareholders, this does not in law constitute the relation of principal and agent between them or render the shareholders liable to indemnify the company against its debts.
A corporation derives its status as a legal person distinct from its members through registration in conformity with statutory requirements.
The recognition of a company as a legal entity distinct from its members and directors allows for legally binding contracts between the company and its members or directors.
Exceptions include (a) when the company is registered as unlimited, (b) when a limited liability company is converted into an unlimited company, or (c) when the company's veil of incorporation is lifted to hold members or directors personally liable for its debts.
As a legal entity, a company is capable of enjoying and being subject to a wide spectrum of legal rights and duties, not merely confined to its business affairs.
La Corte de Apelaciones afirmó que los préstamos avanzados a Sansom no constituían ingresos imponibles.
Upon registration, a company acquires legal personality and becomes capable of holding its own property, entering into contracts, and acquiring rights and obligations in its own name.
The Court of Appeal misdirected itself by ignoring the fact that Mr. Salomon had sold his business to a separate person, A Salomon and Company Limited, and that he now had only limited liability to that company.
A company must be incorporated, which endows it with separate legal personality distinct from its members.
No, there is nothing in the Act requiring that the subscribers to the memorandum should be independent or unconnected.
Upon incorporation, a company comes into existence and acquires legal recognition as a separate entity distinct from its members.
An association can acquire legal personality by conduct if it is not a commercial enterprise established to carry on trading business with the object of acquiring gain.
Mrs. Lee sought compensation under the Workers Compensation Act, contending that her deceased husband was a worker within the meaning of the Act.
From the date of incorporation mentioned in the certificate, the subscribers to its memorandum, together with other persons who may become members, form a body corporate by the name contained in the memorandum.
Legal personality may be acquired by one or more persons associating in business and incorporating through any means sanctioned by statute law.
Ningún accionista tiene derecho sobre ningún bien de la empresa mientras esta sigue operando.
Un hipotecario con poder de venta no puede, en principio, venderse a sí mismo ni solo ni con otros, ni a un fideicomisario para sí mismo.
Los dividendos son recuperables por los miembros como una deuda contra la empresa y no pueden ser retenidos por la empresa.
Perpetual succession means that changes in membership or the death of original subscribers or other members do not affect the company's legal status or existence.
A memorandum of association should be signed by seven persons who are each to take one share at least.
The House of Lords stated that the magnitude of Salomon's shareholding was immaterial in determining the validity of his secured claim as a debenture holder against the company.
Halsbury LC stated that once a company is legally incorporated, it must be treated like any other independent person with its rights and liabilities, regardless of the motives of those who took part in its promotion.
La decisión establece que una empresa incorporada adquiere la condición de persona jurídica desde su creación por la operación de la ley, y que tiene una personalidad separada de sus miembros.
La empresa se volvió insolvente y fue liquidada debido a huelgas y depresión en el mercado de sus productos. Sus activos fueron suficientes solo para satisfacer al titular de los debentures, el Sr. Aron Salomon, dejando nada para los acreedores no asegurados.
The company contended that Mr. Lee, as a controlling shareholder and governing director, was not a worker within the meaning of the Act.
El demandante tenía dos roles: como director gerente que reclama daños por incumplimiento del contrato de empleo y como director y accionista de la empresa que cree que la empresa debería dejar de operar.
The Court of Appeal believed that the formation of the company was a scheme to enable Salomon to carry on business with limited liability and to obtain a preference over other creditors by procuring a first charge on the company's assets through debentures.
The House of Lords observed that the company was a distinct legal persona and not an agent of Salomon to carry on his business for him.
The subscribers become a body corporate capable of exercising all the functions of an incorporated company.
The advantages of incorporation motivate the registration of business undertakings as companies.
2,999 shares were allotted to Mr. G H Lee, and a solicitor held the remaining one share.
Corporate personality is the fundamental attribute of incorporation from which all the advantages and consequences of incorporation flow.
The court held that a shareholder has no proprietary interest in the assets of the company and therefore no insurable interest in such assets.
Organized bodies may acquire legal personality through establishment under an Act of Parliament or registration under a general enabling Act such as the Companies Act.
The case established that a controlling shareholder and sole director of a company might nonetheless be the company's servant or agent under a contract of service made between them.
Examples include societies, trade unions, and co-operative societies.
A company is recognized in law as a distinct person and exists as a separate legal entity from its members.
El liquidador alegó que la empresa fue formada por Aron Salomon y los debentures fueron emitidos para que él pudiera llevar a cabo el negocio y obtener ganancias sin riesgo para sí mismo, que la empresa era un mero agente de Salomon, y que la empresa o su liquidador debían ser indemnizados por Salomon contra todas las deudas excepto las deudas hacia él mismo.
An incorporated business association enjoys the status of a legal person, distinct from its members, with all appertaining legal rights and subject to legal duties and obligations.
The constitution must state that all assets become the property of the association, its debts are its own, it does not pursue pecuniary gain for itself or its members, and it can sue and be sued in its registered name.
The term 'gain' refers to a commercial or material benefit or advantage, which does not necessarily need to be pecuniary in nature.
They must meet statutory requirements as to their objects or nature of business, and their constitution must conform to the specific law under which they are established.
The decision in Salomon's case established that a binding contractual relationship could be created between Mr. Lee and the company, as they were separate legal entities.
The Judicial Committee established that a contractual relationship existed between Mr. Lee and the company, as they were two separate and distinct legal persons.
Macaura's claim was unsuccessful because he insured the timber in his own name, but the timber was owned by the company, not him.
A person must have a legal or equitable interest in the property, not merely a moral certainty of profiting or losing from the property.
Lord Wrenbury stated that even if a corporator holds all the shares, he is not the corporation, and neither he nor any creditor of the company has any property, legal or equitable, in the assets of the corporation.
