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Plant Embryo Development Overview
What marks the beginning of a vascular plant's life?
A single, fertilized egg.
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Histodifferentiation in Plant Embryos
What happens by the fifth day of the globular stage?
The first evidence of histodifferentiation is detected.
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Experimental Embryology Techniques
What is somatic embryogenesis?
Formation of embryos from adult cells in tissue culture.
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Asymmetric Cell Division in Embryos
What occurs during the first asymmetric cell division?
It results in a smaller apical cell and a larger basal cell, establishing polarity.
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Role of the Suspensor in Embryo Development
What is the function of the suspensor in plant embryo development?
It serves as a short, filamentous organ that develops from the basal cell.
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Torpedo Stage and Cotyledon Development
What meristems are established during the torpedo stage?
The specific meristems are not mentioned in the text.
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Torpedo Stage and Cotyledon Development
What occurs to embryogenesis at the end of the torpedo stage?
It is arrested, and the mature seed desiccates and remains dormant until germination.
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Asymmetric Cell Division in Embryos
What is the typical first division of the zygote in angiosperms?
Transverse to its long axis.
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Observation Techniques for Plant Embryos
What should be observed in the Capsella bursa embryo?
Several embryos of different stages.
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Globular Stage Characteristics
What is the globular stage of embryo development characterized by?
A globular mass with cells arranged in regular tiers, consisting of fewer than 40 cells.
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Stages of Angiosperm Embryo Development
When is embryonic development considered to be terminated?
At the onset of seed dormancy.
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Experimental Embryology Techniques
What are the two approaches used to study plant embryogenesis?
Experimental embryology and genetic dissection.
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Observation Techniques for Plant Embryos
What is the first step in observing the Capsella bursa embryo?
Mount the Capsella bursa fruit longitudinally and observe under a microscope.
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Torpedo Stage and Cotyledon Development
What forms the root-shoot axis of the plant embryo?
The elongation of the axis as cotyledons enlarge.
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Globular Stage Characteristics
What are the three basic tissue systems recognized during the globular stage?
The three basic tissue systems are not specified in the text.
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Torpedo Stage and Cotyledon Development
What initiates the formation of the root cap in the torpedo stage?
Periclinal divisions in a plane parallel to the surface.
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Histodifferentiation in Plant Embryos
What type of divisions occur in the surface cells during histodifferentiation?
Divisions become progressively restricted to the anticlinal plane.
