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___ channels facilitate the movement of ions across cell membranes.
Ion
If a patient receives 100 mg of a drug and 30 mg reaches systemic circulation, the bioavailability is ___%.
30
1/39
p.10
Movement Across Membrane Barriers

___ channels facilitate the movement of ions across cell membranes.

Ion

p.9
Bioavailability

If a patient receives 100 mg of a drug and 30 mg reaches systemic circulation, the bioavailability is ___%.

30

p.1
First-pass Effect

The ___ effect refers to the metabolism of a drug before it reaches systemic circulation.

first-pass

p.10
Movement Across Membrane Barriers

Movement across membrane barriers can occur through ___ diffusion.

passive

p.6
First-pass Effect

Some drugs, such as ___, go through extensive first-pass effect.

nitroglycerin

p.3
Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics studies how the body affects a drug through processes such as ___, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.

absorption

p.3
Pharmacokinetics

The final process in pharmacokinetics, where drugs are eliminated from the body, is called ___.

excretion

p.1
Pharmacokinetics

The branch of pharmacology that deals with the movement of drugs within the body is called ___ .

pharmacokinetics

p.9
Bioavailability

Liver damage may lead to an ___ in bioavailability.

increase

p.5
Routes of Drug Administration

The ___ route allows medication to be placed under the tongue for absorption.

sublingual

p.8
Bioavailability

Bioavailability refers to the amount of a given dose of drug that reaches ___ circulation.

the

p.4
Sublingual and Transdermal Routes

Sublingual administration involves placing the drug under the ___ for absorption.

tongue

p.10
Movement Across Membrane Barriers

The process by which water moves across a membrane is called ___.

osmosis

p.1
Bioavailability

The measure of the amount of drug that reaches systemic circulation after administration is known as ___.

bioavailability

p.3
Pharmacokinetics

The term ___ refers to the movement of a drug throughout the body after it has entered the bloodstream.

distribution

p.1
Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacology is the study of ___ and their effects on living organisms.

drugs

p.10
Movement Across Membrane Barriers

___ molecules can easily pass through the lipid bilayer of a membrane.

Nonpolar

p.3
Pharmacokinetics

The process by which a drug is taken up into the bloodstream is known as ___.

absorption

p.5
Sublingual and Transdermal Routes

The ___ route delivers medication through the skin for systemic absorption.

trans-dermal

p.4
IV Drug Administration

IV drugs ___ the GI system and are immediately available in the bloodstream.

bypass

p.5
Routes of Drug Administration

The ___ route of administration involves delivering medication through the mouth.

oral

p.5
Parenteral Administration

The ___ route of administration involves injecting medication into the muscle.

intra-muscular

p.6
First-pass Effect

The ___ effect refers to the metabolism and destruction of a drug in the liver before it reaches its site of action.

first-pass

p.9
Bioavailability

Bioavailability may ___ or ___ depending on various factors.

increase, decrease

p.2
Pharmacodynamics

The study of the biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action is called ___.

Pharmacodynamics

p.5
IV Drug Administration

The ___ route involves injecting medication directly into a vein.

IV

p.9
Bioavailability

Bioavailability refers to the amount of a given dose of drug that reaches the ___.

circulation

p.9
Bioavailability

The bioavailability of an IV drug is ___%.

100

p.1
Routes of Drug Administration

Routes of drug administration can be classified as ___ or parenteral.

oral

p.5
Routes of Drug Administration

___ administration refers to delivering medication through inhalation.

Inhalation

p.10
Movement Across Membrane Barriers

___ transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

Active

p.2
Pharmacokinetics

The study of the mathematical relationships between a drug dosage regimen and the resulting serum concentration is known as ___.

Pharmacokinetics

p.2
Pharmacodynamics

What the drug does to the body is known as ___.

Pharmacodynamics

p.4
Oral Drug Administration

Oral drugs need to pass through the ___ system first to become biologically available.

GI

p.6
First-pass Effect

A significant amount of the drug may be ___ in the liver prior to reaching its site of action.

metabolized and destroyed

p.4
Sublingual and Transdermal Routes

Transdermal routes allow drugs to be absorbed through the ___ for systemic effects.

skin

p.2
Pharmacokinetics

What the body does to the drug is referred to as ___.

Pharmacokinetics

p.3
Pharmacokinetics

The liver plays a crucial role in the ___ of drugs, transforming them into more water-soluble compounds.

metabolism

p.5
Routes of Drug Administration

The ___ route involves administering medication directly into the rectum.

rectal

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