p.105
Physical Basis of Communication
What is articulation in the context of motor speech execution?
Coordinated movements between articulators.
p.37
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What does abnormal psychology study?
Behaviors that are outside what is defined as normal.
p.36
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is pragmatics in the context of language?
The use of language within different social contexts.
p.46
Models of Language Disabilities
What participation restriction does the child experience?
Cannot enter nursery due to lack of language competence.
p.36
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What do speakers consider when using language in social contexts?
The formality of a situation and the status of the participants.
p.84
Communication Chain and Its Components
What are the main topics covered in SED 6015?
Modality, communication chain, and classification.
p.84
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the physical basis of communication?
It involves the anatomical and physiological systems that facilitate speech and language.
p.1
Models of Language Disabilities
What are the primary models of language disabilities?
Models include the medical, behavioral, linguistic, and psychological perspectives.
p.36
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What does social psychology mainly describe?
Non-verbal communication.
p.14
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does prognosis refer to in the medical model?
The outcome of the disease.
p.94
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the focus of SED 6015 S2?
Modality, Communication Chain, Classification, and Physical Basis.
p.105
Physical Basis of Communication
What does the term 'motor speech execution' refer to?
The processes involved in producing speech through coordinated movements.
p.84
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is the significance of pitch levels in communication?
They can affect the meaning and emotional tone of spoken language.
p.94
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the classification of communication disorders?
It involves categorizing various types of communication impairments based on their characteristics and causes.
p.70
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is the primary focus of the course SED 6015?
The relationship between the brain and language.
p.39
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does the social model focus on in relation to disabilities?
It emphasizes the societal barriers and attitudes that impact individuals with disabilities.
p.86
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the significance of the vocal folds in speech production?
They are essential for creating sound through cycles of closure and opening.
p.83
Physical Basis of Communication
What happens during voicing?
Air passes through the elastic vocal folds and causes them to vibrate.
p.98
Physical Basis of Communication
Where can information about cancer removal surgeries be found?
http://headandneckcancerguide.org/adults/cancer-diagnosis-treatments/surgery-and-rehabilitation/cancer-removal-surgeries/laryngectomy/
p.46
Models of Language Disabilities
What are the activity limitations faced by the child?
Not able to express wants and not able to understand parent's instructions.
p.17
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is aphasia?
An acquired language impairment due to stroke.
p.17
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is the primary focus of the Medical Model of Disabilities?
To understand disabilities as a result of medical conditions or impairments.
p.100
Physical Basis of Communication
Which cavities are considered resonation chambers?
Oral cavity, nasal cavities, and sinuses.
p.9
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does medical history involve?
Information taken by the practitioner about the patient's past health.
p.70
Physical Basis of Communication
What aspect of language does the course emphasize?
The physical basis of language.
p.55
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are acquired disorders?
Disorders that occur after the individual has grown beyond the developmental stage.
p.64
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the Communication Chain?
A model that describes the process of communication from sender to receiver.
p.28
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
Where can you find information about signs and symptoms of preschool language disorders?
On the ASHA website at http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/Preschool-Language-Disorders/#signs.
p.99
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does SED 6015 S2 refer to?
It is likely a course code related to the study of motor speech execution.
p.79
Physical Basis of Communication
How is the initiation of respiration controlled?
By the central nervous system, specifically at the brain stem, involving both involuntary and voluntary actions.
p.2
Communication Chain and Its Components
What are students expected to recite in this session?
Core elements and the chain of communication.
p.42
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the focus of SED 6015 S2?
Modality, Communication Chain, Classification, and Physical Basis.
p.101
Physical Basis of Communication
What factors influence resonance in speech?
The degree of velo-pharyngeal closure.
p.33
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is the focus of neuropsychology?
The relationship between brain and behavior, and the localization of brain areas related to language and cognitive functions.
p.2
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What can students explain about disabilities in speech, language, and communication?
The features of each classification of disabilities.
p.101
Anatomical Systems in Speech Production
Which anatomical structures are primarily involved in resonance?
The soft palate and pharyngeal walls.
p.16
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is a challenge regarding treatable causes in the medical model?
Not all identified causes are treatable.
p.24
Physical Basis of Communication
How is the physical basis relevant to speech and language disabilities?
It involves understanding the anatomical and physiological aspects that affect communication.
p.78
Physical Basis of Communication
How does the phonatory system contribute to speech?
It produces sound through vocal cord vibration.
p.108
Communication Chain and Its Components
What course is associated with the feedback?
SED 6015 S2 Modality, Comm Chain, Classification Physical Basis.
p.36
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What factors can convey meanings in non-verbal communication?
Facial expressions, postures, distance between communicators, and other non-verbal behaviors.
p.46
Models of Language Disabilities
What is the body function impairment in the example case?
Language disorder in a 24-month-old child with delayed language development.
p.14
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is an example of an acute condition with a good prognosis?
Middle-ear infection (otitis media).
p.95
Physical Basis of Communication
What is phonation?
The process of producing sound through the vibration of the vocal cords.
p.96
Physical Basis of Communication
What is laryngectomy?
Total or partial removal of the larynx due to disease such as laryngeal cancer.
p.95
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the significance of motor speech execution?
It involves the coordination of muscle movements for speech production.
p.76
Physical Basis of Communication
Which part of the nervous system is primarily involved in motor speech control?
The Central Nervous System, specifically the Brain.
p.85
Communication Chain and Its Components
How does the larynx contribute to the communication chain?
It acts as a sound source in the process of speech production.
p.9
Medical Model of Disabilities
What are some methods used in a physical examination?
Visual inspection, auditory investigation (auscultation), palpation, and percussion.
p.5
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does the Medical Model of Disabilities focus on?
It focuses on diagnosing and treating impairments in speech, language, and communication.
p.55
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
Can you name some examples of acquired disorders?
Voice disorders, aphasia, dementia, dysarthria, hearing impairment.
p.2
Models of Language Disabilities
What can students specify regarding language disabilities?
Features of different models of language disabilities.
p.38
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is dementia?
A condition that affects memory, thinking, and social abilities severely enough to interfere with daily life.
p.69
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does the communication chain involve?
The process of transmitting information from one individual to another.
p.31
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
How is language related to cognition?
Language involves information processes such as perception, attention, memory, learning, concept formation, and problem-solving.
p.102
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does the communication chain involve?
Modality and classification of speech disorders.
p.5
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the significance of classification in the Medical Model?
It helps in identifying specific types of speech and language disorders for treatment.
p.7
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is a limitation of the Medical Model regarding children with the same diagnosis?
Different children with the same diagnosis may have different abilities.
p.78
Physical Basis of Communication
What are the key systems involved in motor speech execution?
Respiratory, phonatory, articulatory, and resonance systems.
p.107
Physical Basis of Communication
What aspect of communication does the Physical Basis of Communication Chain primarily emphasize?
The anatomical and physiological components involved in communication.
p.4
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is the medical model in the context of language disabilities?
A framework that focuses on diagnosing and treating language disabilities based on medical and biological factors.
p.108
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the purpose of the end of session feedback?
To gather insights and opinions about the session.
p.62
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the focus of the course SED 6015 S2?
The Physical Basis of the Communication Chain.
p.15
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is one advantage of the Medical Model?
It provides standard procedures of investigation.
p.46
Models of Language Disabilities
What personal factor contributes to the child's communication difficulties?
Easily irritated when unable to communicate wants and inadequate imitation skills for language.
p.100
Physical Basis of Communication
What are resonation chambers in the context of speech production?
Spaces within bone structures of the head that can be used for resonation.
p.98
Physical Basis of Communication
What happens to phonation when the larynx is removed?
Artificial phonation is used.
p.97
Physical Basis of Communication
What happens to phonation when the larynx is removed?
Artificial phonation occurs.
p.85
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the primary function of the larynx in speech production?
To produce sound by vibrating the vocal cords.
p.73
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the relationship between the brain and speech?
The brain is responsible for processing and producing speech.
p.3
Physical Basis of Communication
What does the physical basis of communication involve?
The anatomical and physiological aspects that enable speech and language production.
p.50
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the focus of SED 6015?
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies.
p.85
Models of Language Disabilities
What role does the larynx play in motor speech execution?
It is essential for the articulation of sounds and voice modulation.
p.19
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What is the Behavioural Model?
A model that relates linguistic-communicative behavior to cognitive abilities such as attention, perception, and memory.
p.13
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does anatomical classification refer to?
It refers to specific organs or tissues affected by diseases, such as heart disease and lung disease.
p.64
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the significance of classification in the context of communication?
It helps in categorizing different types of communication disorders and understanding their characteristics.
p.38
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
Where can you find more information about auditory processing disorders?
On the ASHA website at the provided link.
p.27
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
What must clinicians differentiate in the Linguistic Model?
Clinicians have to differentiate rules from usage.
p.107
Physical Basis of Communication
How does the Physical Basis of Communication Chain limit understanding of communication?
By focusing primarily on the anatomical and physiological aspects, it overlooks the complexity of language and meaning.
p.69
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the significance of modality in communication?
It refers to the different ways information can be conveyed, such as through speech, writing, or gestures.
p.91
Physical Basis of Communication
What is a sound filter?
A physical passage through which sound waves travel.
p.21
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What does the analysis of patient behaviour aim to demonstrate?
The systematic nature of the disabilities involved.
p.89
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does the term 'modality' refer to in communication?
The method or channel through which communication occurs.
p.20
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What is a key feature of the Behavioural Model regarding the cause of disabilities?
It has no notion of the cause of the disabilities/disorders.
p.52
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are production disorders?
Expressive language disorders, word-finding difficulties, voice disorders, fluency disorders, articulation disorders, and disorders in writing.
p.90
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the focus of Motor Speech Execution?
The processes involved in producing speech sounds.
p.58
Communication Chain and Its Components
What are disruptions of the communication chain?
They refer to interruptions or breakdowns in the process of communication.
p.46
Models of Language Disabilities
What environmental factor affects the child's language development?
The child is a single child cared for by a home help who speaks Indonesian and some Cantonese.
p.87
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does SED 6015 S2 focus on?
Modality, Communication Chain, Classification, and Physical Basis.
p.96
Physical Basis of Communication
What happens to the speech apparatus after a laryngectomy?
It is removed, affecting phonation.
p.63
Physical Basis of Communication
What can students describe regarding the communication chain?
The anatomical and physical basis of the communication chain.
p.87
Physical Basis of Communication
What does the physical basis refer to in communication?
The anatomical and physiological aspects that enable communication.
p.83
Physical Basis of Communication
What factors determine the pitch produced during phonation?
Length, mass, and tension of the vocal folds.
p.57
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does 'abnormal' mean in the context of speech and language pathologies?
Literally means not normal.
p.54
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are the main types of speech disorders?
Speech sound disorders, voice disorders, dysfluency/stuttering, and resonance disorders.
p.73
Anatomical Systems in Speech Production
What are the key components involved in speech production?
The brain, respiratory system, vocal cords, and articulators.
p.1
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the communication chain?
The communication chain refers to the process of transmitting messages from a sender to a receiver, involving encoding, transmission, and decoding.
p.69
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the focus of SED 6015 S2?
Modality, Communication Chain, Classification, and Physical Basis.
p.57
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is another criterion for defining 'abnormal' in speech and language competence?
People who do not meet a pre-destined standard (criteria) of SLC competence.
p.30
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is Cognitive Psychology focused on?
The study of mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving.
p.24
Communication Chain and Its Components
What are the key components of communication in the context of disabilities?
Modality, communication chain, and classification.
p.54
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are para-linguistic skills?
Skills related to facial expressions, body language, and gestures.
p.42
Models of Language Disabilities
What does the term 'modality' refer to in communication?
The different ways in which communication can occur, such as verbal, non-verbal, and written.
p.64
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the physical basis of communication?
It refers to the anatomical and physiological systems involved in producing and perceiving speech.
p.27
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
What challenge is faced in eliciting language in a clinical setting?
It is difficult to elicit language used by the patient in actual daily communication, affecting ecological validity.
p.25
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
What is the focus of the Linguistic Model in relation to communication?
The interaction of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics.
p.82
Anatomical Systems in Speech Production
What role do the vocal folds play during phonation?
They act as the vibrator.
p.108
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does 'LK 131' refer to in the context of the feedback?
It likely refers to a specific location or identifier related to the session.
p.6
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does the Medical Model classify and explain?
Linguistic abnormality in the same way as bodily abnormalities (i.e., disease).
p.6
Medical Model of Disabilities
How is treatment approached in the Medical Model?
It is disease-based, focusing on attacking or preventing the cause.
p.84
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does SED 6015 refer to?
A course code related to modality, communication chain, and classification.
p.90
Physical Basis of Communication
What are sound wave properties?
Characteristics of sound waves that affect how we perceive and produce speech.
p.90
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does the communication chain refer to?
The sequence of processes involved in transmitting a message from sender to receiver.
p.84
Models of Language Disabilities
How does modality relate to communication?
Modality refers to the different ways in which information can be conveyed.
p.58
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are pathologies of production?
Disorders that affect the ability to produce speech.
p.90
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is classification in the context of speech?
The categorization of speech disorders based on their characteristics and underlying causes.
p.17
Medical Model of Disabilities
What causes dysarthria?
An acquired speech impairment due to brain damage.
p.86
Physical Basis of Communication
What is phonation?
The making of a sound by close-open cycles of vocal folds.
p.92
Physical Basis of Communication
What are the two main components involved in phonation?
Source (vocal cords) and Filter (supra-glottis, pharynx, nasal and oral cavities).
p.70
Communication Chain and Its Components
What are the key components discussed in relation to language?
Modality, communication chain, and classification.
p.87
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the significance of classification in communication?
It helps in understanding different communication disorders.
p.98
Physical Basis of Communication
What are the methods used for speech after laryngectomy?
Alaryngeal speech methods.
p.92
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the role of the vocal cords in phonation?
They serve as the source of sound.
p.63
Physical Basis of Communication
What biological features are students expected to explain?
The biological features and physical properties of each component involved in the communication chain.
p.39
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the role of classification in understanding speech-language pathologies?
Classification helps categorize different types of speech-language disorders for better diagnosis and treatment.
p.104
Physical Basis of Communication
How are vowels and diphthongs produced?
By shaping the 'tube' of the pharynx, oral, and nasal tract.
p.63
Physical Basis of Communication
What limitation are students encouraged to challenge?
The limitations of the physical approach to the communication chain.
p.59
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
Which conditions are associated with disruptions in the prelinguistic stage?
Dementia and intellectual disability.
p.38
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What are auditory processing disorders?
Disorders that affect how the brain processes auditory information.
p.54
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is a key characteristic of language disorders?
Impairment in the production of language (oral and written).
p.7
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is the primary focus of the Medical Model in addressing disabilities?
Emphasis on the etiological basis of the problem.
p.5
Medical Model of Disabilities
How does the Medical Model view disabilities?
As a result of physiological or anatomical abnormalities.
p.31
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What are some key cognitive processes?
Perception, attention, memory, learning, concept formation, and problem-solving.
p.104
Physical Basis of Communication
What factors influence the articulation of vowels?
Changing the height of the tongue tip, body, back, and rounding of lips.
p.6
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is the emphasis of the Medical Model?
Identification of the cause or causes of the disease.
p.36
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What influences how individuals perceive the behaviors of others?
Factors such as gender, private/public settings, culture, language competence, and the mode of communication (online vs. face-to-face).
p.14
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is considered an excellent or good prognosis?
Return to normal level of functioning.
p.15
Medical Model of Disabilities
How does the Medical Model assist in analysis?
It provides an initial frame of reference of analysis.
p.94
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does the term 'modality' refer to in communication?
The different ways in which communication can occur, such as verbal, non-verbal, and written forms.
p.15
Medical Model of Disabilities
Why is communication easier among medical professionals using the Medical Model?
Because they 'speak the similar language'.
p.94
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the significance of the communication chain?
It outlines the process of how messages are transmitted and received between individuals.
p.58
Epidemiological Issues in Speech-Language Disorders
What are epidemiological issues in speech and language pathologies?
Concerns related to the distribution and determinants of speech and language disorders in populations.
p.95
Physical Basis of Communication
What happens when the vocal cords are impaired?
It affects the phonation process.
p.86
Physical Basis of Communication
What role do traveling waves play in phonation?
They contribute to the sound produced by the vocal folds.
p.92
Physical Basis of Communication
Where does phonation occur?
At the vocal fold (glottis) and at the supra-glottis (pharynx and above).
p.76
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the role of the Cortical-Bulbar Tract of Cranial Nerve XII?
To control motor speech movement of the tongue.
p.100
Physical Basis of Communication
What role do resonation chambers play in communication?
They enhance the quality of sound produced during speech.
p.39
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the significance of communication chains in understanding disabilities?
Communication chains help identify how information is transmitted and where breakdowns may occur.
p.3
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does the communication chain refer to?
The process through which communication occurs, involving sender, message, medium, and receiver.
p.97
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the focus of the topic 'Motor Speech Execution'?
It involves the processes of phonation and speech production.
p.92
Physical Basis of Communication
What structures act as filters in the phonation process?
The supra-glottis, pharynx, nasal, and oral cavities.
p.3
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the significance of classification in communication disorders?
It helps in identifying and categorizing different types of speech and language disabilities.
p.97
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the significance of artificial phonation?
It allows for speech production without a natural larynx.
p.101
Physical Basis of Communication
What are the types of resonance in speech?
Oral, nasal, and a mixture of both.
p.39
Physical Basis of Communication
What does the physical basis refer to in the context of communication?
It refers to the anatomical and physiological structures involved in speech production.
p.79
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the role of respiration in speech production?
To produce carefully gauged energy to generate phonation (sound energy).
p.31
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is cognitive psychology?
The process of information, including receiving, registering, storing, manipulating, transforming, retrieving, and using information.
p.13
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the topographical classification in the medical model?
It categorizes diseases based on bodily systems, such as chest disease and abdominal disease.
p.64
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does the term 'modality' refer to in communication?
The method or mode through which communication occurs, such as verbal, non-verbal, or written.
p.3
Models of Language Disabilities
What are models of language disabilities used for?
To understand and address various language impairments and their impacts on communication.
p.28
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
What type of learning disabilities are based on language?
Language-based Learning Disabilities.
p.90
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the significance of modality in communication?
It refers to the different ways in which communication can occur, such as verbal, non-verbal, and written forms.
p.58
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are pathologies of reception?
Disorders that impact the ability to receive and understand speech.
p.80
Physical Basis of Communication
What is phonation?
The process of making sound by the larynx.
p.41
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does the ICF model of disabilities include?
Impairment, activity restriction, and limitation to participation.
p.3
Models of Language Disabilities
What is the focus of SED 6015 S2?
Modality, Communication Chain, Classification, and Physical Basis.
p.96
Physical Basis of Communication
What must be employed for phonation after laryngectomy?
Artificial phonation devices or methods.
p.41
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What are personal factors in the ICF model?
Examples include personality, family support, and self-efficacy.
p.59
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the prelinguistic stage in communication?
The initial stage before language development.
p.85
Physical Basis of Communication
What analogy is often used to describe the function of the larynx?
The larynx is often compared to a musical instrument that produces sound.
p.57
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
How is 'abnormal' defined in relation to speech and language competence?
As individuals whose SLC competence is significantly lower than the mean of a normally distributed representative sample.
p.91
Physical Basis of Communication
What are examples of sound sources?
Vibrators, strings of harps, and vocal cords.
p.73
Communication Chain and Its Components
What role does modality play in communication?
Modality refers to the different ways in which communication can occur, such as spoken, written, or non-verbal.
p.50
Communication Chain and Its Components
What are the key components discussed in SED 6015?
Modality, Communication Chain, and Classification.
p.99
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the significance of resonance in speech?
It affects the quality and clarity of speech sounds.
p.55
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
Can you name some examples of developmental disorders?
Down’s Syndrome, cleft palate and lips, hearing impairment.
p.60
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are pathologies of production in speech and language?
Expressive language disorders, speech sound disorders, voice disorders, dysfluency, dysgraphia, expressive aphasia, etc.
p.40
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the primary focus of the ICF model?
To classify health and health-related domains.
p.89
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the relationship between sound waves and communication?
Sound waves are essential for transmitting spoken language.
p.60
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are some examples of pathologies of reception?
Receptive language disorders, hearing impairment, auditory processing disorders, receptive aphasia, etc.
p.31
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What are cognitive abilities?
Skills related to the processes of cognition, including perception, memory, and problem-solving.
p.27
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
Why is assessing language in patients with brain damage challenging?
Because we do not know their pre-damage language abilities and the idiosyncratic language styles used before and after the damage.
p.107
Physical Basis of Communication
Why is it important to consider other models alongside the Physical Basis of Communication Chain?
To gain a comprehensive understanding of communication that includes cognitive and social dimensions.
p.69
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
How is classification relevant in communication disorders?
It helps in identifying and categorizing different types of communication disorders for better diagnosis and treatment.
p.34
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the significance of the communication chain in neuropsychology?
It helps understand how communication processes are affected by neurological functions.
p.47
Models of Language Disabilities
How does the child's attention affect their language development?
The child does not attend to adult's language input.
p.10
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is Differential Diagnosis?
A method of distinguishing a particular disease or condition from others that present similar clinical features.
p.77
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is aphasia?
A language disorder characterized by loss of language comprehension and expression.
p.56
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
How is the language development of children with cognitive/intellectual challenges classified?
It raises the question of whether their development in language is deviant or delayed.
p.46
Models of Language Disabilities
How does the child's attention to language input affect their development?
The child does not attend to adult's language input, hindering language acquisition.
p.93
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the focus of SED 6015 S2?
Modality, Communication Chain, Classification, and Physical Basis.
p.80
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the significance of the larynx in speech?
It is essential for producing sound.
p.93
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the significance of the communication chain?
It outlines the process of how communication occurs from sender to receiver.
p.83
Physical Basis of Communication
How do the muscles of the larynx affect phonation?
They change the elasticity and tension of the vocal folds to determine the pitch of the sound.
p.75
Physical Basis of Communication
What are the primary components of the motor speech control in the central nervous system?
The Left and Right Primary Motor Cortex and the Left and Right Primary Sensory Cortex.
p.59
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What disorders are related to language encoding?
Expressive language disorder, aphasia, and dysgraphia.
p.55
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are developmental disorders?
Congenital disorders present at birth or during early infancy.
p.40
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does ICF stand for?
International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health.
p.25
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
What approach is described as cognitive-linguistic?
The interaction of Form, Content, and Use.
p.1
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the physical basis of communication?
The physical basis of communication involves anatomical systems such as the respiratory system, vocal cords, and articulators that facilitate speech production.
p.35
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is Broca's area associated with?
Expressive language production.
p.19
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What are some applications of the Behavioural Model?
Behaviour therapy and behaviour modification.
p.26
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does the Communication Chain refer to?
The process through which communication occurs, involving sender, message, medium, and receiver.
p.35
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What condition did the man experience after his stroke?
Non-fluent expressive language.
p.2
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
How can students apply their knowledge in daily life?
By applying core concepts of disabilities in speech, language, and communication to explain phenomena/examples seen in daily life.
p.30
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What does Social Psychology examine?
How individuals influence and are influenced by others in social contexts.
p.89
Physical Basis of Communication
How is motor speech execution related to sound production?
It involves the coordination of muscles to produce speech sounds.
p.42
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the classification of communication disorders?
The categorization of various types of communication impairments based on their characteristics.
p.4
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What does the behavioural model emphasize in language disabilities?
It emphasizes observable behaviors and the influence of the environment on language development.
p.34
Physical Basis of Communication
What does the physical basis refer to in the context of neuropsychology?
The underlying neurological structures and functions that support communication.
p.48
Models of Language Disabilities
What is the body function impairment in the example case?
Language disorder in a 24-month-old child with delayed language development.
p.77
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What are the effects of aphasia on communication?
Loss of language comprehension, expression, symbolic use of gestures, reading, and writing.
p.67
Physical Basis of Communication
What type of matter is found on the outside of the brain?
Grey matter (the neuron cell bodies).
p.32
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
Which areas of development are emphasized in developmental psychology?
Language development, cognitive development, and social development.
p.94
Physical Basis of Communication
What does the physical basis of communication refer to?
The anatomical and physiological structures involved in the production and reception of speech.
p.9
Medical Model of Disabilities
What are symptoms?
Subjective evidence of our conditions, reflecting how we feel.
p.93
Models of Language Disabilities
What does 'modality' refer to in communication?
The different ways in which communication can occur, such as verbal, non-verbal, and written.
p.9
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is a physical examination?
Probes that provide objective evidence of a patient's condition.
p.93
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the classification of communication disorders?
The categorization of various types of communication disorders based on their characteristics and causes.
p.28
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
What is an example of a communication disorder in preschool children?
Preschool language disorders.
p.9
Medical Model of Disabilities
What are signs in the context of medical diagnosis?
Physical manifestations of disease.
p.102
Models of Language Disabilities
What is the focus of the course SED 6015?
Motor speech execution and resonance disorders.
p.24
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
What is the focus of the Linguistic Model of Disabilities?
It focuses on understanding speech, language, and communication disabilities through linguistic principles.
p.75
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the role of the Left and Right Primary Motor Cortex?
They are involved in initiating motor control for speech.
p.91
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the fundamental frequency?
The resonant frequency of a sound source.
p.79
Physical Basis of Communication
What type of loop is involved in the respiratory process?
A closed neuro-chemical loop.
p.50
Physical Basis of Communication
What physical aspect is covered in the course?
Physical Basis of Communication.
p.59
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does motor execution and feedback refer to?
The actual production of speech and the sensory feedback received.
p.47
Models of Language Disabilities
What participation restriction does the child experience?
Cannot enter nursery due to lack of language competence.
p.75
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the function of the Left and Right Primary Sensory Cortex in motor speech control?
They mainly play a role in sensory feedback.
p.59
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What disorders are linked to motor execution and feedback?
Dysarthria and voice disorders.
p.19
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
How does the Behavioural Model view the relationship between communication and cognitive abilities?
It sees linguistic-communicative behavior as related to cognitive abilities like attention, perception, and memory.
p.78
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the role of the respiratory system in speech?
It provides the airflow necessary for phonation.
p.35
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What field studies the relationship between cognitive processes and brain function?
Cognitive Neuropsychology.
p.40
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are the key components of the ICF model?
Body functions and structures, activities, participation, and environmental factors.
p.20
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What does the Behavioural Model focus on in its analysis?
A detailed and comprehensive description and analysis of the patient’s abnormal speech and linguistic behaviours.
p.52
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are reception disorders?
Receptive language disorders, auditory processing disorders, and disorders in reading.
p.68
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does the term 'modality' refer to in communication?
The different ways in which information can be conveyed, such as spoken, written, or non-verbal.
p.29
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
How does psychology contribute to understanding disabilities in speech, language, and communication?
Psychology helps in understanding the cognitive and emotional aspects that affect communication abilities.
p.10
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does Clinical Diagnosis refer to?
A diagnosis made based on clinical examination and patient history.
p.18
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
How does the Behavioural Model relate to speech and language?
It examines how behaviors affect speech, language, and communication skills.
p.34
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
How is classification relevant in neuropsychology?
It helps categorize different communication disorders based on their neurological underpinnings.
p.51
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are the two main categories of disorders in speech and language pathology?
Production disorders and reception disorders.
p.93
Anatomical Systems in Speech Production
What does 'physical basis' refer to in communication?
The anatomical and physiological structures involved in the production and perception of speech.
p.47
Models of Language Disabilities
What is the body function impairment in the example case?
Language disorder in a 24-month-old child with delayed language development.
p.1
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
How are speech-language pathologies classified?
Speech-language pathologies are classified based on their nature, such as articulation disorders, fluency disorders, voice disorders, and language disorders.
p.47
Models of Language Disabilities
What are the activity limitations faced by the child?
Not able to express wants and not able to understand parent's instructions.
p.19
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
Which theorists are associated with the Behaviourist Model?
Watson, Hull, and Skinner.
p.13
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is physiological classification concerned with?
It focuses on functional disabilities, such as respiratory disease.
p.16
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is a primary limitation of the medical model in treating disorders?
It focuses on attacking the identified cause without modifying other factors like context or environment.
p.31
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What are non-verbal cognitive abilities?
Visual-spatial cognition and non-language-based memory, such as procedural memory.
p.82
Anatomical Systems in Speech Production
Where are the vocal folds located?
At the base of the larynx in the vocal tract.
p.5
Models of Language Disabilities
What role does modality play in the Medical Model?
It refers to the different ways communication can occur, such as verbal and non-verbal.
p.69
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the physical basis of communication?
It involves the anatomical and physiological systems that facilitate speech and language.
p.47
Models of Language Disabilities
What personal factor contributes to the child's communication difficulties?
Easily irritated when unable to communicate wants and inadequate imitation skills for language.
p.5
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the communication chain in the context of the Medical Model?
It refers to the process of transmitting and receiving messages in communication.
p.60
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is dysgraphia?
A disorder affecting writing abilities.
p.82
Anatomical Systems in Speech Production
How are the vocal folds closed for speech or singing?
By the pivoting of the arytenoid cartilages.
p.33
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is the function of the hippocampus?
It is responsible for memory.
How does the man's speech performance change in noisy environments?
It becomes poorer in noisy environments.
p.29
Communication Chain and Its Components
What are the key components of the communication chain?
The key components include the sender, message, medium, receiver, and feedback.
p.72
Physical Basis of Communication
What functions are associated with the primary cortex?
Motor, sensory, and vision.
p.23
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What are signs of Social Communication Disorders?
Difficulty in understanding social cues, trouble with conversation, and challenges in sharing information.
p.44
Medical Model of Disabilities
What specific speech issue did the middle-aged man experience after his stroke?
Dysarthria, resulting in unclear speech.
p.22
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What is a major limitation in investigating linguistic or speech behaviors?
It is difficult to compare concern behaviors with normal behaviors.
p.61
Epidemiological Issues in Speech-Language Disorders
How is incidence better expressed?
As a proportion or a rate with a denominator.
p.49
Medical Model of Disabilities
In the ICF model, what aspect does 'activities' refer to?
The execution of tasks or actions by individuals.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system involved in speech?
Central and Peripheral nervous systems.
p.45
Participation Restrictions
What participation restrictions does the man experience?
Cannot discuss favorite topics about traveling with friends and feels tired when talking.
p.27
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
What is a limitation of the Linguistic Model regarding investigation?
It depends on the 'intuition' of the language.
p.7
Medical Model of Disabilities
How can the Medical Model be helpful in clinical settings?
It is often helpful for initial qualifications of services limitation.
p.89
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the significance of frequency in sound waves?
It determines the pitch of the sound.
p.30
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What does Developmental Psychology study?
The psychological changes that occur throughout a person's lifespan.
p.79
Physical Basis of Communication
What muscles are involved in respiration?
External and internal respiratory muscles, along with the diaphragm.
p.38
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
Where can you find more information about dementia?
On the ASHA website at the provided link.
p.56
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is Language Deviance?
Language behaviors that are different from the typical population.
p.42
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the significance of the communication chain?
It outlines the process of how communication is transmitted from sender to receiver.
p.26
Models of Language Disabilities
What is the significance of modality in communication?
Modality refers to the different ways in which information can be conveyed, such as spoken, written, or signed language.
p.33
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is the function of Wernicke's area?
It is responsible for receptive language and is located in the post-superior temporal cortex of the left hemisphere.
p.21
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What is involved in the classification of patient behaviour?
It is part of the process of differential diagnosis.
p.35
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is a limitation of mapping brain functions?
Not all functions can be directly mapped to the brain; brain functions are complex.
p.60
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is receptive aphasia?
A disorder affecting the understanding of language.
p.20
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What is the treatment approach in the Behavioural Model?
Treatment is implemented to relate the abnormal to the normal patterns, without reference to the original causative factors.
p.23
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What are potential causes of Selective Mutism?
Anxiety disorders, temperament, and environmental factors.
p.68
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is involved in the classification of communication disorders?
Categorizing disorders based on their characteristics and impacts on communication.
p.48
Models of Language Disabilities
What is the participation restriction for the child?
The child cannot enter nursery due to lack of language competence.
p.11
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is Direct Diagnosis?
Diagnosis by actual observation of physical abnormality presumed to be the cause of linguistic disability.
p.29
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
How are disabilities classified in speech and language?
Disabilities are classified based on their nature, such as articulation disorders, fluency disorders, and language disorders.
What activity limitation does the man face?
Cannot speak clearly enough for listeners to understand more than 50% of the time.
p.22
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
Why is it important to know typical behaviors?
To effectively compare them with concern behaviors.
p.12
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What types of injuries can lead to language pathology?
Physical or chemical injuries, such as traumatic brain injury or carbon monoxide poisoning.
p.11
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is Group/Team Diagnosis?
Diagnosis based on combined approaches of a team of specialists working in a single setting.
p.22
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
How do patients' behaviors typically change during investigations?
They often change when they know they are being observed.
p.22
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
Do we know all typical and idiosyncratic behaviors?
No, we do not know all typical, representative, normal, or idiosyncratic behaviors.
p.8
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does 'auscultation' refer to?
It is the auditory investigation of the body, often using a stethoscope.
p.106
Anatomical Systems in Speech Production
What is the significance of the tongue in speech?
It plays a crucial role in articulation.
p.5
Physical Basis of Communication
What is a key component of the Medical Model in relation to communication disorders?
The emphasis on the physical basis of communication.
p.75
Physical Basis of Communication
What does the cortical bulbar tract connect?
It connects the motor cortex to the brainstem for speech production.
p.99
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the relationship between resonance and the communication chain?
Resonance plays a crucial role in the production and modulation of speech sounds within the communication chain.
p.24
Communication Chain and Its Components
What does the term 'modality' refer to in communication?
It refers to the different ways in which communication can occur, such as spoken, written, or non-verbal.
p.30
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is the focus of Neuropsychology?
The relationship between brain function and behavior.
p.40
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does the ICF model emphasize in relation to disabilities?
The interaction between health conditions and contextual factors.
p.43
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is the body structure/function impairment in the example case?
Speech disorder due to a right hemispheric stroke.
p.60
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is expressive aphasia?
A type of expressive language disorder affecting speech production.
p.91
Physical Basis of Communication
What impinging factors affect a sound filter?
Length, shape, and materials of the passage.
p.103
Physical Basis of Communication
What are the main categories of articulation in speech sounds?
Consonants, stops/plosives, fricatives, affricates, semi-vowels, liquids, and glides.
p.78
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the function of the articulatory system in speech?
It shapes the sound into recognizable speech through movement of the tongue, lips, and other structures.
p.56
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are examples of Language Delay?
Delayed development in expressive language and delay in acquiring speech sounds, such as only producing plosives and no fricatives.
p.35
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What are the two types of brain areas mentioned?
Primary and secondary areas.
p.82
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the Bernoulli effect in relation to vocal folds?
Positive air pressure forces them open, but high velocity air lowers pressure, bringing them back together.
p.59
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
Which conditions affect message interpretation?
Dementia and intellectual disability.
p.82
Anatomical Systems in Speech Production
What determines the voice pitch in relation to vocal folds?
The resonant frequency of the folds.
p.11
Medical Model of Disabilities
What distinguishes Clinical Diagnosis?
Diagnosis made by studying the signs and symptoms of a disability without knowing about the factors that cause them.
p.43
Environmental Factors
What environmental factors affect the man's communication?
He stays mostly at home and has little to talk about.
p.61
Epidemiological Issues in Speech-Language Disorders
What does incidence measure in epidemiology?
The probability of occurrence of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time.
p.53
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What disorders are considered Functional Disorders despite no anatomical or physiological disease origin?
ASD, ADHD, and Learning Disabilities.
How does the man's speech performance change in noisy environments?
His speech becomes poorer in noisy environments.
p.48
Models of Language Disabilities
How does the child's attention affect their language development?
The child does not attend to adult's language input.
p.32
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
How are norms in developmental psychology derived?
From large samples of the population, which help to even out individual variances.
p.61
Epidemiological Issues in Speech-Language Disorders
How does prevalence differ from incidence?
Prevalence measures all affected individuals at a specific time, while incidence measures new cases during a specific period.
p.12
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What type of disease involves abnormal cell growth?
Tumours (neoplasms) or cancer.
p.8
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is 'visual inspection' in a physical examination?
It is the process of visually assessing the body for signs of disease.
p.54
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does impairment in comprehension of language refer to?
Difficulties in listening and reading.
p.107
Physical Basis of Communication
What is a limitation of the Physical Basis of Communication Chain?
It may not account for the psychological and social factors influencing communication.
p.28
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
Where can you find information about language-based learning disabilities?
On the ASHA website at http://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/LBLD/#c.
p.91
Physical Basis of Communication
What factors can affect the fundamental frequency?
Tension, length, mass, and biological factors like age and sex.
p.21
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What is the first stage in the Behavioural Model?
Description of the linguistic behaviour of patients and the corresponding behaviour of clinicians.
p.55
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are some questionable disorders in the context of classification?
ASD, learning disabilities, dyslexia.
p.33
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
Which area of the brain is responsible for expressive language?
Broca's area, located in the inferior frontal cortex of the left hemisphere.
p.47
Models of Language Disabilities
What environmental factor affects the child's language development?
The child is a single child cared for by a home help who speaks Indonesian and some Cantonese.
p.91
Physical Basis of Communication
What does a filter do to sound?
It resonates the fundamental frequency and harmonics.
p.16
Medical Model of Disabilities
Do all language and speech disorders have identifiable causes?
No, not all disorders have identifiable causes.
p.31
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What are cognitive deficits?
Impairments in cognitive abilities that affect information processing.
p.53
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are Organic Disorders in speech and language pathologies?
Disorders related to anatomical, physiological, or neurological diseases.
p.16
Medical Model of Disabilities
What issue exists with the tests available for measuring disorders in the medical model?
There are not enough available tests, and the quality of existing tests is poor.
What activity limitation does the man face?
Cannot speak clearly enough for listeners to understand more than 50% of the time.
p.4
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
How does linguistics relate to models of language disabilities?
Linguistics provides insights into the structure and function of language, which can inform understanding of language disabilities.
p.34
Models of Language Disabilities
What is the role of modality in neuropsychology?
It refers to the different ways in which information is processed and communicated.
p.48
Models of Language Disabilities
What are the activity limitations faced by the child?
Not able to express wants and not able to understand parent's instructions.
p.20
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What is a notable aspect of the Behavioural Model in relation to the medical model?
It offers no alternative to the medical model, as it requires no medication or surgery.
p.71
Physical Basis of Communication
What does lateralisation of function refer to?
The specialization of certain functions in one hemisphere of the brain.
p.68
Anatomical Systems in Speech Production
What does the physical basis of communication refer to?
The anatomical and physiological systems that facilitate speech and language.
p.48
Models of Language Disabilities
What environmental factor affects the child's language development?
The child is a single child cared for by a home help who speaks Indonesian and some Cantonese.
What activity limitation does the man face?
He cannot speak clearly enough for listeners to understand more than 50% of what he says.
p.48
Models of Language Disabilities
What personal factor contributes to the child's communication challenges?
The child is easily irritated when unable to communicate wants and has inadequate imitation skills for language.
p.77
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What causes loss of speech intelligibility in dysarthria?
Dysfunction in motor speech execution.
p.88
Physical Basis of Communication
How can voice intensity be increased?
By increasing airflow from the lungs and increasing resistance from the vocal folds.
p.49
Medical Model of Disabilities
How does the ICF model view disabilities?
As a complex interaction between health conditions and contextual factors.
p.32
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is the nature versus nurture debate in developmental psychology?
It examines the relative contributions of genetic inheritance (nature) and environmental factors (nurture) to human development.
p.59
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is motor programming in the context of communication?
The planning of speech movements.
p.73
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
How is speech classified in communication studies?
Speech can be classified based on various criteria, including its modality and the physical processes involved.
p.26
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
What is the focus of the Linguistic Model?
It emphasizes the structure and function of language in communication.
p.66
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the role of the Central Nervous System in communication?
It processes and integrates language and communication.
p.25
Linguistic Model of Disabilities
Which three elements interact in the Linguistic Model?
Syntax, Semantics, and Pragmatics.
p.13
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does pathological classification involve?
It involves the disease process, including conditions like tumors and neuro-degeneration.
p.7
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is a challenge in using the Medical Model for clinical practice?
There isn't always a clear diagnosis, which doesn't guide clinical practice.
p.56
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What disorders are associated with Language Deviance?
Social-pragmatic disorders, autism spectrum disorders, second language learners, and accents.
p.43
Medical Model of Disabilities
What specific speech issue did the middle-aged man experience after his stroke?
Dysarthria, leading to unclear speech.
p.68
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the focus of SED 6015 S2?
Modality, Communication Chain, Classification, and Physical Basis.
p.23
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What is Selective Mutism?
A behavioral condition where a person is unable to speak in certain social situations despite speaking in others.
p.59
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What disorders are associated with language decoding?
Receptive language disorder and dyslexia.
p.53
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are Functional Disorders?
Non-organic disorders that may have psychological or psychogenic origins.
p.11
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is Differential Diagnosis?
Diagnosis made by comparing signs of disabilities with various patterns of disabilities known to exist.
p.53
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
Provide an example of a Functional Disorder.
Selective mutism or impairment in auditory discrimination.
p.44
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is the body structure/function impairment in the example case?
Speech disorder due to a right hemispheric stroke.
p.53
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is a characteristic of Mild Cognitive Impairment?
No organic deficits found in brain scans, but functional deficits can be observed in daily activities.
p.32
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
How does developmental psychology inform clinicians?
It helps identify what can be regarded as a normal pattern of behavior at any particular age, known as developmental milestones.
p.49
Medical Model of Disabilities
What are the key components of the ICF model?
Body functions and structures, activities, participation, environmental factors, and personal factors.
p.8
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does the term 'disease' refer to in medical terminology?
It refers to a disorder or abnormality.
p.88
Physical Basis of Communication
What is produced during the voicing process?
A brief puff of air that creates an audible sound.
p.18
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the physical basis of communication?
It involves the anatomical and physiological systems that enable speech and language production.
p.88
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the term for the theory describing the phonation process?
Myoelastic aerodynamic theory of phonation.
What personal factors are relevant in this case?
Middle age, previous stroke, left hemiplegia, moderate dysarthria, and eagerness to improve speech.
p.74
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the cortical-bulbar tract?
A pathway that connects the cortex to the brainstem for motor control of speech.
p.56
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is Language Delay?
Language behaviors that are similar to the typical population of younger age groups.
p.42
Physical Basis of Communication
What does 'physical basis' refer to in the context of communication?
The anatomical and physiological structures involved in the production and reception of speech.
p.72
Physical Basis of Communication
What does localization of functions in the brain refer to?
Different functions are localized to different parts of the hemisphere.
p.23
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What are common signs of Selective Mutism?
Inability to speak in specific social settings, anxiety in social situations, and speaking freely in comfortable environments.
p.103
Physical Basis of Communication
What are fricatives?
Consonants that involve partial occlusion of the airstream, forming sibilants like /f, s, h/.
p.88
Physical Basis of Communication
What controls the opening of the vocal folds?
Driving air pressure from the lungs.
p.18
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is a key component of the communication chain in the context of disabilities?
The interaction between the sender and receiver of messages.
p.103
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the role of semi-vowels, liquids, and glides in articulation?
They involve partial occlusion of the airstream.
p.52
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is an example of a reception disorder?
Auditory processing disorders.
p.11
Medical Model of Disabilities
How is Diagnosis by Treatment defined?
Diagnosis made based on results of a treatment, without clear signs or symptoms.
p.23
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What is a Cognitive-Communication Disorder?
A condition that affects a person's ability to communicate due to cognitive impairments.
p.32
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is a limitation of developmental psychology?
Individual variability in developmental stages; not all areas of development grow at the same speed.
p.11
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does Instrumental Diagnosis involve?
Diagnosis made by information gathered from the use of clinical instrumentation.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What system is responsible for phonation?
The phonation system, specifically the larynx.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What does the resonation system do?
It modifies the sound produced by the vocal cords.
p.61
Epidemiological Issues in Speech-Language Disorders
What is the application of epidemiology?
To control diseases and other health problems.
p.8
Medical Model of Disabilities
What are 'signs' in the context of medical terminology?
They are physical manifestations of disease.
p.26
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the Physical Basis in the context of communication?
It refers to the anatomical and physiological aspects that enable speech and language production.
p.72
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the role of the Central Nervous System in language?
It is crucial for language processing and production.
p.103
Physical Basis of Communication
What are stops/plosives in speech articulation?
Consonants that involve total occlusion of the airstream, such as /p, b, t, d, k, g/.
p.18
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What does the Behavioural Model of Disabilities focus on?
It focuses on observable behaviors and the impact of the environment on communication.
p.33
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What does the limbic system, including the amygdala, regulate?
It is responsible for emotions.
p.10
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is Direct Diagnosis?
A diagnosis made through direct observation or testing.
p.77
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is apraxia of speech?
A disorder resulting in loss of speech intelligibility due to dysfunction in motor speech programming and planning.
p.67
Physical Basis of Communication
What type of matter is found on the inside of the brain?
White matter (the neuron fibers).
p.51
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What distinguishes organic disorders from functional disorders?
Organic disorders have a physical cause, while functional disorders do not.
p.88
Physical Basis of Communication
How does the vibration of the vocal folds occur?
Like a wave traveling from the bottom to the top of the vocal folds.
p.51
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the difference between speech disorders and language disorders?
Speech disorders affect the production of sounds, while language disorders affect understanding and use of language.
How does the man's speech performance change in noisy environments?
It becomes poorer when talking in noisy environments.
p.49
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does 'participation' mean in the ICF model?
Involvement in life situations.
p.22
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What is required for transcribing linguistic and speech samples?
High-quality skills and intra-rater reliability.
p.74
Physical Basis of Communication
Name two subcortical areas involved in motor speech control.
Thalamus and Basal Ganglia.
p.61
Epidemiological Issues in Speech-Language Disorders
Provide an example of prevalence.
70 cases of SSD reported in 4-year-olds in 2003 by DH.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the role of the articulation system?
It shapes speech sounds through movement of the articulators.
p.8
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does 'percussion' involve in a physical examination?
It involves tapping the body to assess the condition.
p.30
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is the focus of Abnormal Psychology?
The study of abnormal behavior and mental disorders.
p.59
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What issues are related to perception and recognition in communication?
Auditory processing problems.
p.40
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
How does the ICF model contribute to understanding communication disorders?
By providing a framework for assessing the impact of disabilities on functioning.
p.21
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What is the purpose of forming hypotheses in the Behavioural Model?
For the treatment of behaviour and evaluating the outcome as treatment proceeds.
p.4
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the significance of correlating medical and behavioural data?
It helps in creating a comprehensive understanding of language disabilities by integrating different perspectives.
p.43
Participation Restrictions
What participation restrictions does the man experience?
Cannot discuss favorite topics about traveling with friends and feels tired talking, leading to social withdrawal.
p.4
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What role does psychology play in understanding language disabilities?
Psychology examines cognitive processes and emotional factors that may affect language development and use.
p.29
Models of Language Disabilities
What is the significance of modality in communication?
Modality refers to the different ways communication can occur, such as verbal, non-verbal, and written forms.
p.45
Medical Model of Disabilities
What specific speech issue does the middle-aged man experience?
Dysarthria, resulting in unclear speech.
What personal factors are relevant in this case?
Middle age, previous stroke, left hemiplegia, moderate dysarthria, and eagerness to improve speech.
p.77
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What causes loss of speech intelligibility in apraxia of speech?
Dysfunction in motor speech programming and planning.
p.10
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is Instrumental Diagnosis?
A diagnosis made using specialized instruments or tests.
p.51
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are acquired disorders?
Disorders that develop after a period of normal communication.
p.61
Epidemiological Issues in Speech-Language Disorders
What does prevalence refer to?
The measurement of all individuals affected by the disease at a particular time.
p.45
Participation Restrictions
How does the man's social life change due to his condition?
He goes out less to meet friends and becomes quiet and withdrawn from social activities.
p.49
Medical Model of Disabilities
What role do environmental factors play in the ICF model?
They can facilitate or hinder functioning and participation.
p.12
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are diseases of metabolic origin that can impact language?
Hormonal disturbances and conditions like diabetes and hypertension.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the significance of oral/nasal resonation?
It affects the quality and characteristics of speech sounds.
p.33
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What role does the pre-frontal cortex play?
It is responsible for attention.
p.21
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What does the assessment of behaviour involve?
Plotting the kind and degree of abnormality with reference to normal behaviour.
p.20
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
How does the Behavioural Model compare abnormal behaviour?
Abnormal behaviour is compared with normal behaviour.
p.78
Physical Basis of Communication
What does the resonance system do in speech production?
It modifies the sound produced by the phonatory system to enhance vocal quality.
p.68
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the significance of the communication chain?
It outlines the process of transmitting information from sender to receiver.
p.52
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What type of disorder involves difficulties in understanding spoken language?
Receptive language disorders.
p.103
Physical Basis of Communication
What are affricates?
Speech sounds that combine a stop and a fricative.
p.52
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What disorder is characterized by challenges in finding the right words?
Word-finding difficulties.
p.23
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What are signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Challenges with social interaction, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests.
p.12
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are diseases of genetic origins in language pathology?
Conditions like Down’s Syndrome and congenital malformations.
p.29
Anatomical Systems in Speech Production
What is the physical basis of communication?
The physical basis involves the anatomical and physiological systems that facilitate speech production.
p.74
Physical Basis of Communication
What areas are involved in sensory processing related to speech?
Primary and associated sensory cortex in the Parietal lobes.
p.44
Participation Restrictions
What participation restrictions does the man experience?
He cannot discuss his favorite topics about traveling with friends and feels tired when talking, leading to social withdrawal.
p.88
Physical Basis of Communication
What happens to the vocal folds during increased voice intensity?
They are blown wider apart and stay apart longer during the cycle.
p.51
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
How are abnormal and normal speech and language classified?
Abnormal speech and language deviate from typical patterns, while normal speech and language follow expected developmental milestones.
p.74
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the function of the Spinal Cord in motor speech control?
It transmits signals between the brain and the body.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What aspects are controlled by air stream in speech?
Breath support and voice production.
p.32
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What does developmental psychology focus on?
Acquiring knowledge and skills in infancy, childhood, and adolescence.
p.49
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does ICF stand for in the context of disabilities?
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health.
p.45
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is the body structure/function impairment in the example case?
Speech disorder due to a right hemispheric stroke.
p.49
Medical Model of Disabilities
How does the ICF model apply to cerebral palsy?
It assesses the impact of cerebral palsy on functioning, disability, and health.
p.77
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What is dysarthria?
A disorder characterized by loss of speech intelligibility due to dysfunction in motor speech execution.
p.10
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is Diagnosis by exclusion?
A method of diagnosing a condition by ruling out other possible conditions.
p.32
Psychological Perspectives on Communication Disorders
What factors influence treatment planning in developmental psychology?
Whether there is a specific deficit in language development or a global developmental delay.
p.11
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is Diagnosis by Exclusion?
Diagnosis made by eliminating all possible causes which might explain a patient’s disability, except for one.
p.23
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What are signs for referral in Cognitive-Communication Disorders?
Difficulty with attention, memory, problem-solving, and organizing thoughts.
p.8
Medical Model of Disabilities
What are 'symptoms' in medical terminology?
They are how we feel and serve as subjective evidence of our conditions.
What personal factors are relevant in this case?
He is middle-aged, has had one stroke, experiences left hemiplegia, is moderately dysarthric, and is eager to improve his speech.
p.61
Epidemiological Issues in Speech-Language Disorders
What is epidemiology?
The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events, including disease.
p.8
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is 'palpation'?
It is the use of hands to feel the condition of the body.
p.10
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does Diagnosis by treatment mean?
A diagnosis made based on the response to a specific treatment.
p.67
Physical Basis of Communication
How many lobes does the brain have?
Four lobes: Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the role of the nervous system in the speech chain?
It coordinates communication and motor functions.
p.22
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
What challenges arise from recording 'everything' during observations?
There may not be enough time to analyze the video.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What is the function of the respiratory system in speech?
It provides breath support and air stream control.
p.45
Environmental Factors
What environmental factors affect the man's communication?
He stays mostly at home and has little to talk about.
p.74
Physical Basis of Communication
What role does the Cerebellum play in motor speech control?
It helps coordinate and regulate motor activity.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What is involved in speech planning and programming?
Organizing thoughts and preparing motor commands for speech.
p.18
Communication Chain and Its Components
What is the significance of modality in communication?
Modality refers to the different ways communication can occur, such as verbal and non-verbal.
p.72
Physical Basis of Communication
What functions are managed by the associated cortex?
Language, speech, executive functions, emotions, reading, writing, etc.
p.18
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What role does classification play in understanding disabilities?
Classification helps in identifying and categorizing different types of speech and language disorders.
p.61
Epidemiological Issues in Speech-Language Disorders
Provide an example of incidence.
7 new cases of SSD per 100,000 4-year-olds per year.
p.10
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What does Group/Team Diagnosis involve?
A diagnosis made collaboratively by a team of healthcare professionals.
p.51
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What are developmental disorders?
Disorders that occur during the developmental stages of communication.
p.8
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is a 'medical history'?
It is a record taken by a practitioner.
p.74
Physical Basis of Communication
What structures make up the Brain Stem?
Mid-Brain, Pons, and Medulla Oblongata.
p.22
Behavioural Model of Disabilities
Which behaviors are meaningful for clinical decisions?
Behaviors that provide relevant information for diagnosis and treatment.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What is meant by (motor) speech execution?
The physical act of producing speech sounds.
p.44
Environmental Factors
What environmental factors affect the man's communication?
He stays mostly at home and has little to talk about.
p.51
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
What is the difference between language deviance and language delay?
Language deviance refers to atypical language development, while language delay refers to a slower than expected development.
p.49
Medical Model of Disabilities
What is the significance of personal factors in the ICF model?
They influence how individuals experience and cope with their health conditions.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What processes are involved in ideation and communication?
Language expression and comprehension.
p.65
Physical Basis of Communication
What is involved in speech sounds articulation?
The precise movement of speech organs to produce sounds.
p.8
Medical Model of Disabilities
What does a 'physical examination' involve?
It includes probes that provide objective evidence of a condition.
p.12
Classification of Speech-Language Pathologies
How does the process of aging relate to language pathology?
It can lead to conditions like geriatric hearing loss and macular degeneration.
