What are the glands located near the urethral opening in the female reproductive system?
Paraurethral Glands (Skene’s Gland).
What impact can the position of the uterus have on fertility?
It may interfere with fertility.
What is the sacrum?
The wedge bone at the back of the pelvis.
What is the fundus in relation to the uterus?
The top portion of the uterus, highly contractile and the point of attachment of the fallopian tube.
p.144
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the diagonal conjugate in female reproductive organs?
The distance between sacral promontory and the inferior margin of the symphysis pubis.
p.59
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the function of the scrotum?
To support the testes and help regulate the temperature of sperm.
What is the true pelvis?
The lower, smaller but deeper part of the pelvis that must be adequate for the delivery process.
p.135
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
How does the false pelvis aid in childbirth?
It aids in directing the fetus into the true pelvis for birth.
p.143
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What does 'intertrochanteric' refer to?
The distance between the trochanters of the femur.
p.116
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
Where are the fallopian tubes located?
In the female reproductive organs.
p.141
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is a gynecoid pelvis?
"Normal" female pelvis with a well-rounded inlet, most ideal for childbirth.
Where is the biischial diameter measured?
At the level of the anus.
What does the round ligament support?
It supports the normal position of the uterus.
What are the boundaries of the outlet of the pelvis?
Coccyx, ischial tuberosities, inferior aspect of the symphysis pubis, and the pubic arch.
p.44
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What are the nursing initiatives focused on in the Philippines?
Maternal and child nursing initiatives.
p.3
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What are the components of National Capacity to Sustain Maternal-Newborn Services?
Operational and Regulatory Guidelines.
p.88
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What are the two very short tubular structures located inside the urethral meatus?
Paraurethral Glands (Skene’s Glands).
What is the function of the round ligament?
To maintain the normal position of the uterus (Anteversion).
p.3
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is one of the activities under the Operational and Regulatory Guidelines?
Mainstreaming FP in the regions with high unmet need for FP.
How can extreme abnormal flexion or version positions of the uterus interfere with fertility?
It may block the deposition or migration of sperm.
p.111
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the Broad Ligament?
A double fold peritoneum extending outwards from the uterus and attached to the side walls of the pelvis.
p.71
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the function of the vas deferens?
To carry sperm from the epididymis through the inguinal canal in the abdominal cavity, ending at the seminal vesicles and ejaculatory ducts.
What does the sacrum form in the pelvis?
The upper posterior portion of the pelvic ring.
How does the transverse diameter compare to the anteroposterior diameter of the inlet?
The transverse diameter is wider than the anteroposterior diameter.
What do the right and left Innominate Bones form?
The anterior and lateral portion of the pelvis ring.
What does the degree of movement in the Sacrococcygeal joint permit?
It permits the coccyx to be pressed backward, allowing more room for the fetal head during birth.
Describe the platypelloid pelvis.
It has an oval inlet and a shallow AP diameter.
p.142
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What does the external measurement 'Interspinous' indicate?
Distance between the anterosuperior iliac spines.
p.117
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the interstitial portion of the fallopian tubes?
The most proximal division that lies within the uterine wall and opens into the uterine cavity.
p.127
Reproductive Health Law
What is the category of related structures for these hormones and reflexes?
Female Reproductive Organs.
p.56
Male Reproductive Organs
What are the external genital organs?
Organs located on the outside of the body, including the penis and scrotum in males.
p.122
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What are the characteristics of the ovaries?
Freely movable, smooth, firm, slightly flattened ovoids, 4cm long, and 1.5cm thick.
p.122
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What are the ovaries considered as in the female reproductive system?
Female reproductive organs.
p.8
Reproductive Health Law
What rights does the State recognize and guarantee for all persons?
The right to equality, nondiscrimination, sustainable human development, health (including reproductive health), education, information, and the right to choose and make decisions for themselves.
p.84
Labia Minora and Female Reproductive Organs
What is the fourchette?
The line of convergence of the labia majora and minora.
p.43
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
When are non-immediate interventions usually given after birth?
Within 6 hours after birth.
p.43
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What is the purpose of giving Vitamin K Prophylaxis to newborns?
To prevent Vitamin K deficiency bleeding.
p.23
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What are the six signal obstetric functions in Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC)?
(1) Parenteral administration of oxytocin in the third stage of labor; (2) Parenteral administration of loading dose of anti-convulsants; (3) Parenteral administration of initial dose of antibiotics.
p.91
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What are the internal female genitalia?
Vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
p.116
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What are the four parts of the fallopian tubes?
1. Interstitial portion, 2. Isthmus, 3. Ampulla, 4. Infundibulum.
p.102
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
Where is the point of attachment of the fallopian tube in the uterus?
At the fundus (top portion).
How does the curved passage of the pelvic cavity affect the speed of birth?
It slows and controls the speed of birth.
What is 'External conjugate / Bandelocque's' in relation to?
The distance between the anterior aspect of the symphysis pubis and depression below L5.
Where is the isthmus located in the female reproductive system?
Above the cervix, forming part of the uterus.
What is the function of the fluid secreted by the bulbourethral glands?
To counteract the acid secretion of the urethra and ensure the safe passage of spermatozoa.
p.127
Breast and Lactation
What may inhibit the letdown reflexes in lactating women?
Fright, pain, or emotional stress.
p.32
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What is the time frame for care interventions provided to the newborn according to the protocol?
From birth until the first 6 hours of life.
p.6
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What is the purpose of Administrative Order 2011-0011?
Establishment of Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care Training Centers in Regional Hospitals and Medical Centers.
p.24
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What is BEmONC?
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care.
p.5
Reproductive Health Law
What is Republic Act No. 10354 also known as?
Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law (RPRH Act of 2012).
p.28
Local Delivery Network
What type of team conducts outreach services to remote communities?
An itinerant team typically composed of 1 physician (surgeon), 1 nurse, and 1 midwife.
p.5
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the purpose of Administrative Order 2008-0029?
Implementing Health Reforms to Rapidly Reduce Maternal and Neonatal Mortality.
p.30
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the administrative order related to the provision of quality antenatal care in birthing centers and health facilities in the Philippines?
Administrative Order 2016-0035.
p.1
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
Who are the members of the BEmONC Teams?
Doctors, Nurses, and Midwives.
What is anteflexion of the uterus?
The body of the uterus is bent sharply at the junction with the cervix.
p.19
Guiding Principles for Implementation
What are the guiding principles declared in the Act?
Development as a multi-faceted process and comprehensive reproductive health program addressing the needs of people throughout their life cycle.
What is retroflexion of the uterus?
The body of the uterus is bent sharply just above the cervix.
p.121
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the function of the fallopian tubes?
Transport eggs, sperm, and zygote to the uterus.
What are ischial spines?
Small projections that extend from the lateral aspects into the pelvic cavity, marking the midpoint of the pelvis.
p.125
Breast and Lactation
What is the composition of the nipple?
Erectile tissue that responds to tactile stimulation.
p.14
Reproductive Health Law
What are the guiding principles declared in the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law (RPRH Act of 2012)?
The provision of reproductive health care, information and supplies giving priority to poor beneficiaries and respecting individuals’ preferences and choice of family planning methods in accordance with their religious convictions and cultural beliefs.
p.15
Guiding Principles for Implementation
What does the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law declare as guiding principles?
Active participation by NGOs, women’s and people’s organizations, civil society, faith-based organizations, the religious sector and communities.
What is the composition of the myometrium?
Muscles with very great expansile properties.
What is the symphysis pubis?
It is the junction of the innominate bones at the front of the pelvis.
Where does the true pelvis lie in relation to the linea terminalis?
Below the linea terminalis.
What is the corpus in the context of the uterus?
The body of the uterus, forming the uppermost part and bulk of the organ.
p.86
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What are the bulbs of the vestibule?
Paired elongated masses of erectile tissue located at the sides of the vaginal orifice.
p.125
Breast and Lactation
What is colostrum?
A thin yellowish fluid composed of colostrum corpuscles, watery fluid, and fat globules.
What is the perimetrium?
The layer of peritoneum which covers the uterus except at the sides.
What are the primary female reproductive organs?
Vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
p.45
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the focus of the Annual Report 2017 by the Department of Health Philippines?
Maternal and Child Nursing Initiatives in the Philippines.
What is the coccyx composed of?
Five very small bones fused together.
What is the isthmus in relation to the uterus?
A constricted area immediately above the cervix.
What is the endometrium?
The inner lining of the uterus with a rich blood supply, about 1.5 mm thick.
p.129
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What are the components of the pelvis (Innominate Bones)?
Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis.
Where are the bulbourethral glands located?
Beside the prostate gland.
What are the several muscles that are interwoven and superimposed on each other in the perineum?
Transverse, Bulbocavernous, Sphincter ani externus, Levator ani.
p.127
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What hormones inhibit the release of prolactin from the anterior pituitary gland?
Estrogen and Progesterone.
p.78
Reproductive Health Law
What are the components of seminal fluid?
Epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral gland.
p.3
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the purpose of the Operational and Regulatory Guidelines?
Identification and profiling of current FP users, identification of potential FP clients, development and dissemination of Information, Education Communication materials, and advocacy and social mobilization for FP.
What are the characteristics of an anthropoid pelvis?
Narrow transverse diameter and larger than normal AP diameter.
p.122
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
Where are the ovaries located?
On the posterior surface of the broad ligaments.
p.17
Reproductive Health Law
What does the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law declare as guiding principles?
The right of each family to determine its ideal family size and the absence of demographic or population targets.
p.37
Reproductive Health Law
Who mandated the implementation of the EINC Protocol in public and private hospitals?
Secretary of the Department of Health Francisco Duque.
p.65
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What are the layers of erectile tissue through which the urethra passes?
Corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum.
p.41
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What is the focus of Essential Intrapartum and Newborn Care (EINC)?
Eliminating unnecessary interventions during labor and delivery.
What is the internal Os?
The opening of the canal at the junction of the cervix and isthmus.
p.42
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What are some evidence-based standard practices for Essential Intrapartum and Newborn Care (EINC)?
Eliminating unnecessary interventions in newborn care.
p.62
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the primary function of Leydig's cells?
Production of testosterone.
How does the external os change after childbirth?
It becomes a transverse slit.
p.27
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What are the minimum neonatal emergency interventions provided?
1) Newborn resuscitation, 2) Treatment of neonatal sepsis/infection, 3) Oxygen support for neonates, 4) Management of low birth weight or preterm newborn, 5) Other specialized newborn services.
What is the cervix?
The neck or mouth of the uterus.
p.40
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What are the evidence-based standard practices for maternal and child nursing initiatives in the Philippines?
Essential Intrapartum and Newborn Care (EINC).
What is the importance of the ischial spine in relation to the fetus in the birth canal?
It is important in estimating the level of the fetus in the birth canal.
p.85
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What sensations is the clitoris highly sensitive to?
Temperature, touch, and pressure.
p.4
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
With whom does the National Safe Motherhood Program collaborate for Maternal Death Reporting and Review System?
Provincial and City Review Teams.
p.67
Male Internal Structures
What is the main function of the Seminal Vesicles?
To produce a significant portion of the fluid that ultimately becomes semen.
What is the sacral prominence and its significance?
It is a marked anterior projection where the sacrum touches the lower lumbar vertebrae, serving as the landmark for pelvic measurements.
p.134
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What subdivides the pelvis for obstetric purposes?
The line terminalis, an imaginary line.
What are the three main ligaments associated with the uterus?
1. Broad Ligament, 2. Round Ligaments, 3. Utero-Sacral Ligament.
What are the functions of the uterus?
1. Reproduction, 2. Menstruation, 3. Nourishing and protecting the fertilized ovum for 40 weeks, 4. Expelling the products of conception.
p.61
Reproductive Health Law
What are the components of lobules in the testes?
Leydig’s Cell, Seminiferous tubule.
p.13
Guiding Principles for Implementation
What is the guiding principle related to enabling individuals and couples to have the desired number of children?
The State shall promote programs that enable individuals and couples to have the number of children they desire with consideration to health, resources, existing laws, public morals, and religious convictions.
p.69
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the function of the epididymis?
Conducting sperm from the testis to vas deferens and absorption of fluid and addition of substances to the seminal fluid to nourish the maturing sperm.
p.123
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
When does ovulation typically occur in relation to the menstrual cycle?
Ovulation happens exactly 14 days previous to the first day of the next menstrual period.
p.41
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What interventions are eliminated during labor and delivery?
Enemas, shavings, fluid and food intake restriction, routine insertion of intravenous fluids, and fundal pressure.
How does the urethra pass through the prostate gland?
Like the hole in a doughnut.
p.65
Reproductive Health Law
What is the function of the penis in men?
To serve as the outlet for both the urinary and the reproductive tracts.
What is the role of the vagina in the female reproductive system?
It serves as a passageway for sperm, for copulation, and for menses.
p.24
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What are the six signal obstetric functions performed in BEmONC?
1) Performance of assisted deliveries (Imminent Breech Delivery), 2) Removal of retained products of conception, 3) Manual removal of retained placenta.
What is the external os?
It is a small, round distal opening to the vagina.
p.23
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
According to the Department of Health MNCHN Strategy Manual of Operations, 2011, what is the purpose of Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC)?
To establish Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care Training Centers in Regional Hospitals and Medical Centers.
p.38
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What is the first EINC practice during the intrapartum period?
Continuous maternal support by a companion of her choice during labor and delivery.
p.43
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What is the purpose of examining the newborn within 6 hours after birth?
To check for birth injuries, malformations, or defects.
p.21
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the focus of Administrative Order 2008 - 0029?
Implementing Health Reforms to Rapidly Reduce Maternal and Neonatal Mortality.
p.30
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the focus of the guidelines in Administrative Order 2016-0035?
Provision of Quality Antenatal Care in All Birthing Centers and Health Facilities Providing Maternity Care Services.
p.52
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the goal of the Maternal and Child Nursing Initiatives in the Philippines?
To provide comprehensive and quality healthcare services for mothers and children.
p.21
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What are the nursing initiatives in the Philippines related to?
Maternal and Child Nursing.
p.137
Pelvis and Female Reproductive Organs
At what level is the inlet located?
At the level of the linea terminalis.
p.18
Guiding Principles for Implementation
What is declared as a guiding principle in the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law (RPRH Act of 2012)?
Gender equality and women empowerment.
p.126
Breast and Lactation
What are the characteristics of colostrum compared to matured milk?
Contains more protein but less fat and sugar.
p.39
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What is the purpose of AMTSL in EINC?
To actively manage the third stage of labor.
p.11
Guiding Principles for Implementation
What are the guiding principles declared in the Act?
The provision of ethical and medically safe, legal, accessible, affordable, non-abortifacient, effective and quality reproductive health care services and supplies.
p.33
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
How can bonding between the mother and her newborn be facilitated after thorough drying?
Through skin-to-skin contact to reduce likelihood of infection and hypoglycemia.
p.26
Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What services should a facility provide to be considered as a Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (CEmONC) facility?
A CEmONC facility should provide caesarean delivery services, blood banking and transfusion services, and other highly specialized obstetric interventions.
p.145
Female Reproductive Organs
What is the True conjugate/ conjugate Vera?
It is the distance between the anterior surface of the sacral promontory and the superior margin of the symphysis pubis.
p.123
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
How is ovulation calculated in relation to the menstrual cycle?
By subtracting 14 days from the usual menstrual cycle and counting one on the first day of bleeding.
p.29
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the focus of the shift in ANC concept mentioned in the Administrative Order?
From the high-risk approach to the four-visit model of focused ANC.
What are the functions of the vagina?
Passageway for sperm's entrance to the uterus, for copulation, and for menses.
p.42
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What are some unnecessary interventions in newborn care?
Routine suctioning, early bathing, routine separation from the mother, foot printing, application of substances to the cord, and giving pre-lacteals or artificial infant milk formula.
p.16
Reproductive Health Law
What does the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law recognize about abortion?
It is illegal and punishable by law.
p.62
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What are Leydig's cells?
Interstitial cells in each testicular lobule.
What is the Cervical Canal?
The space between the external os and internal os.
Where does implantation of the fertilized egg occur?
In the endometrium of the uterus.
p.21
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
Where can the MNCHN Strategy Manual of Operations be found?
https://www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/publications/MNCHNMOPMay4withECJ.pdf
p.79
Reproductive Health Law
Where does the urethra pass through in males?
The shaft and glans of the penis.
p.2
Safe Blood Supply Network
What is the role of the National Voluntary Blood Program in maternal-newborn service delivery?
Supporting the establishment of Safe Blood Supply Network.
p.43
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What is involved in cord care as part of Essential Newborn Care Protocol?
Taking care of the newborn's umbilical cord to prevent infection.
What are the parts of the cervix?
External Os, Internal Os, Cervical Canal.
p.52
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the significance of the Maternal and Child Nursing Initiatives in the Philippines?
Addressing the healthcare needs of mothers and children to reduce maternal and child mortality rates.
p.22
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
Where can the MNCHN Strategy Manual of Operations be referenced?
Department of Health MNCHN Strategy Manual of Operations: https://www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/publications/MNCHNMOPMay4withECJ.pdf
What are the Utero-Sacral ligaments composed of?
Folds of peritoneum extending backward from the sides of the isthmus and attached to the sacrum.
What happens to the isthmus during pregnancy?
It descends and softens, forming the lower segment of the uterine segment (Hegar’s Sign).
p.18
Guiding Principles for Implementation
According to the RPRH Act of 2012, what must the resources of the country be made to serve?
The entire population, especially the poor, while protecting the life of the unborn.
p.124
Breast and Lactation
What is the composition of the breast?
Glandular, fibrous, and adipose tissue.
What are the boundaries of the line terminalis?
From the sacral prominence to the superior aspect of the symphysis pubis.
p.26
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What are the six signal obstetric functions for BEmONC?
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC) includes the six signal obstetric functions: administration of parenteral antibiotics, administration of uterotonic drugs, manual removal of placenta, removal of retained products of conception, assisted vaginal delivery, and neonatal resuscitation.
What is the location of the outlet in the pelvis?
In the inferior portion of the pelvis.
p.123
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What hormones are produced by the ovaries?
Estrogen and progesterone.
p.13
Reproductive Health Law
According to the Act, can anyone be deprived of the right to have children for economic reasons?
No, no one shall be deprived, for economic reasons, of the rights to have children.
Where is the prostate gland located?
Below the urinary bladder.
p.56
Male Reproductive Organs
What are the internal genital organs?
Organs located inside the body, including the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, and accessory glands in males.
p.41
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
Why is fundal pressure to facilitate the second stage of labor no longer practiced?
Due to resulting maternal and newborn injuries and death.
p.17
Reproductive Health Law
What information should the State equip each parent with, according to the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law?
Necessary information on all aspects of family life, including reproductive health and responsible parenthood.
p.73
Reproductive Health Law
What is the function of the seminal vesicles?
To secrete the viscous portion of the semen.
p.6
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the focus of Administrative Order 2015-0020?
Guidelines in the Administration of Life Saving Drugs During Maternal Care Emergencies by Nurses and Midwives in Birthing Centers.
p.6
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What do the policies and laws in the Philippines focus on?
Maternal and Child Nursing Initiatives.
p.73
Reproductive Health Law
How does the nutrient content of the seminal vesicle secretion affect sperm?
It makes sperm increasingly motile.
p.40
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What are the recommended time-bound interventions for newborn care at the time of birth?
1. Immediate and thorough drying of the newborn 2. Early skin-to-skin contact between mother and the newborn 3. Properly-timed cord clamping and cutting 4. Unang Yakap (First Embrace) of the mother and her newborn for early breastfeeding initiation.
p.60
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
How should normal testes feel?
Firm, smooth, and egg-shaped.
p.36
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
When is Vitamin K Prophylaxis usually given to a newborn?
Within 6 hours after birth.
p.40
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What does EINC stand for?
Essential Intrapartum and Newborn Care.
p.20
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What does the policy issuance provide?
A package of maternal, newborn, child health and nutrition (MNCHN) services.
p.36
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What vaccinations are usually injected within 6 hours after birth?
Hepatitis B and BCG vaccinations.
p.62
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What does testosterone promote in the body?
Development of masculine characteristics and libido.
p.27
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What does CEmONC stand for?
Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care.
p.27
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
Where can the neonatal emergency interventions be found in the MNCHN Strategy Manual of Operations?
Department of Health MNCHN Strategy Manual of Operations, 2011.
What is the function of the pelvis?
To support and protect the reproductive and other pelvic organs.
Where are the Paraurethral Glands (Skene’s Glands) located?
Posteriolateral inside the urethral meatus.
p.127
Breast and Lactation
What may produce letdown reflexes in lactating women?
Sounds of the infant crying.
p.126
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
How long is colostrum secreted postpartum?
Until about the 3rd day postpartum.
p.33
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What should be done within the first 30 seconds of a newborn's birth according to the Essential Newborn Care Protocol?
Dry and provide warmth to the newborn to prevent hypothermia.
p.37
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What do EINC practices stand for?
Essential Intrapartum and Newborn Care practices.
p.25
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What are the minimum emergency newborn interventions provided by Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC)?
1) Newborn resuscitation, 2) Treatment of neonatal sepsis/infection, and 3) Oxygen support.
p.7
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the focus of Administrative Order 2016 - 0035?
Guidelines on the Provision of Quality Antenatal Care in All Birthing Centers and Health Facilities Providing Maternity Care Services.
p.29
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the purpose of Administrative Order 2016-0035?
To provide guidelines on the provision of quality antenatal care in all birthing centers and health facilities providing maternity care services.
p.8
Reproductive Health Law
In accordance with what can individuals make decisions for themselves?
Their religious convictions, ethics, cultural beliefs, and the demands of responsible parenthood.
p.74
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the function of the ejaculatory ducts?
To eject sperm and seminal vesicle secretions just before the release of semen from the urethra to the exterior.
p.10
Guiding Principles for Implementation
What is the State's duty in line with the guiding principles?
To promote the right to health, responsible parenthood, social justice and full human development.
p.21
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What are the intermediate results aimed to be achieved by the strategy?
1. Every pregnancy is wanted, planned and supported. 2. Every pregnancy is adequately managed throughout its course.
p.73
Reproductive Health Law
What makes the pH of the seminal vesicle secretion more favorable for sperm?
The nutrients in the secretion.
What are the parts of the uterus?
Cervix, Isthmus, Corpus, Fundus.
p.120
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the shape of the infundibulum?
Funnel shape with irregular processes called fimbriae.
p.9
Reproductive Health Law
What are the guiding principles declared in the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law (RPRH Act of 2012)?
The right to make free and informed decisions without coercion and respect for protection and fulfillment of reproductive health and rights.
p.22
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the first intermediate result of the strategy?
Every delivery is facility-based and managed by skilled birth attendants/skilled health professionals.
p.9
Reproductive Health Law
According to the RPRH Act of 2012, what right shall not be subjected to any form of coercion?
The right to make free and informed decisions.
p.38
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What is emphasized regarding the position during labor and delivery in EINC practices?
The position of choice should be allowed during labor and delivery.
p.4
Local Delivery Network
What is the role of the Epidemiology Bureau and Health Policy Development and Planning Bureau?
Supporting Monitoring, Evaluation, Research, and Dissemination.
p.68
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
How long is the tightly coiled ductus epididymis?
Approximately 20 ft long.
p.39
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What is EINC?
Essential Intrapartum and Newborn Care.
What are the four united bones that form the bony ring of the pelvis?
Right and left innominate bones, ilium, ischium, and pubis.
What is the function of the Utero-Sacral ligaments?
Supporting the female reproductive organs.
p.89
Reproductive Health Law
What is the anatomical location of the perineum?
It is a diamond-shaped area medial to the thighs and buttocks of both males and females.
What is the position of the uterus in anteversion?
The fundus is tipped forward.
What forms the prominence of the hip (crest of the ilium)?
The flaring superior border of the ilium.
p.32
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What does the Essential Newborn Care Protocol focus on?
Globally accepted evidence-based essential newborn care in the first week of life.
p.17
Reproductive Health Law
What right does each family have according to the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law?
The right to determine its ideal family size.
p.29
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the goal of the Administrative Order in relation to antenatal care?
To improve the quality of antenatal care.
p.17
Reproductive Health Law
According to the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law, what is incidental to the advancement of reproductive health?
The mitigation, promotion, and/or stabilization of the population growth rate.
Where is the uterus located inside the body?
Inside the true pelvis, between the bladder (anterior) and the rectum (posterior).
p.16
Reproductive Health Law
How should women needing care for post-abortive complications be treated according to the law?
In a humane, nonjudgmental, and compassionate manner.
p.30
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What are the four visits included in the visit model for antenatal care?
First visit: 8-12 weeks, Second visit: 24-26 weeks, Third visit: 32 weeks, Fourth visit: 36-38 weeks.
p.16
Reproductive Health Law
What guiding principles does the Act declare regarding care for women with complications arising from pregnancy, labor, and delivery?
They should be treated and counseled in a humane, nonjudgmental, and compassionate manner.
p.76
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the function of the prostate gland?
To secrete thin, alkaline fluid.
Where does the epididymis lie in relation to the testis?
Along the posterior border of each testis.
What is the collective term for the female reproductive organs?
Female external genitalia.
p.76
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What happens if there is hypertrophy of the prostate gland?
It interferes with both fertility and urination.
p.142
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What does the external measurement 'Intercristal' suggest?
It is suggestive only of pelvic size.
What are the two parts of the pelvis subdivided by the line terminalis?
False Pelvis and True Pelvis.
p.3
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the focus of the Maternal and Child Nursing Initiatives in the Philippines?
National Safe Motherhood Program.
How does the pelvic cavity help in preparing the lungs for good aeration after birth?
It helps to expel lung fluid and mucus.
p.123
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the function of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?
Release the matured ovum monthly (ovulation).
p.89
Reproductive Health Law
What structures are contained within the perineum?
The external genitalia and anus.
p.37
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What is the time frame for EINC practices for birthing mothers and their newborns?
Within 48 hours of Intrapartum period and a week of life for the newborn.
What is the position of the uterus in retroversion?
The fundus is tipped back.
Where do the seminal vesicles lie?
On the lower portion of the posterior surface of the urinary bladder.
What are the three layers of the uterus?
Perimetrium, Myometrium, Endometrium.
p.34
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
When should the cord be clamped and cut according to the protocol?
After cord pulsations have stopped, typically 1-3 minutes.
p.1
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What does Component A of the program support in the Philippines?
Local delivery of the Maternal-Newborn Service Package.
p.118
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What type of procedure involves the isthmus of the fallopian tubes?
Tubal ligation or tubal sterilization.
p.1
Local Delivery Network
What does Component A aim to establish and mobilize?
The service delivery network of public and private providers.
p.42
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What are some initiatives in the Philippines related to maternal and child nursing?
Maternal and Child Nursing Initiatives in the Philippines.
What is Operculum in relation to the cervix?
It is a cervical plug or mucous produced by the cervical glands (Naboth) that prevents ascending infection.
p.2
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What initiatives are included in the establishment of reliable sustainable support systems for maternal-newborn service delivery?
a. Establishment of Safe Blood Supply Network, b. Behavior Change Interventions, c. Sustainable financing of maternal-newborn services and commodities.
Where is the vagina situated?
Between the bladder and rectum.
p.64
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What are the 3 cylindrical masses of erectile tissue in the penis?
The corpus spongiosum and the corpora cavernosa.
p.76
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What does the alkaline fluid from the prostate gland do?
It further protects sperm from being immobilized by the naturally low pH level of the urethra.
p.76
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
How does the prostate gland contribute to sperm motility and viability?
By secreting alkaline fluid that protects sperm and contributes to their motility and viability.
p.64
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the prepuce (foreskin)?
A hoodlike fold of skin that covers the glans.
p.66
Reproductive Health Law
What is the result of the contraction of the ischiocavernosus muscle?
Trapping of both venous and arterial blood in the 3 sections of erectile tissue.
What is the purpose of the pelvic cavity in reducing sudden pressure changes in the fetal head?
To prevent rupture of cerebral arteries.
p.134
Reproductive Health Law
What is the purpose of subdividing the pelvis for obstetric purposes?
To aid in understanding the female reproductive organs and childbirth.
p.63
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the main function of seminiferous tubules?
To produce spermatozoa through spermatogenesis.
p.117
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What are the dimensions of the interstitial portion of the fallopian tubes?
About 1cm in length with a 1mm lumen.
p.25
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
In addition to standard functions, what additional service should Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC) be capable of providing?
Blood transfusion services.
p.7
Reproductive Health Law
What is the focus of Administrative Order 2018 - 0003?
National Policy on the Prevention of Illegal and Unsafe Abortion and Management of Post-Abortion Complications.
p.57
Reproductive Health Law
What is the function of the scrotum?
To hold and protect the testes.
p.32
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What is the emphasis of the Essential Newborn Care Protocol?
Care interventions for the newborn from birth until the first 6 hours of life.
p.35
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What is the time frame for facilitating the newborn's early initiation to breastfeeding?
Within 90 minutes of age.
p.10
Guiding Principles for Implementation
What are the guiding principles declared by the Act?
Effective and quality reproductive health care services must be given primacy to ensure maternal and child health, the health of the unborn, safe delivery and birth of healthy children, and sound replacement rate.
p.35
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
How can opthalmia neonatorum be prevented according to the Essential Newborn Care Protocol?
Through proper eye care, including the administration of erythromycin or tetracycline ointment or 2.5% povidone-iodine drops.
p.83
Reproductive Health Law
What is the function of the labia majora?
Protection of the external vaginal opening.
p.60
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
At what stage of intrauterine life do the testes descend into the scrotal sac?
Late in intrauterine life, about the 34th to 38th week.
p.1
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What critical capacities are established to provide quality maternal-newborn services?
Service Delivery Teams consisting of Barangay Health Workers and BEmONC Teams.
Where is the external os located in relation to the ischial spine?
At the level of the ischial spine.
Where is the clitoris located?
Beneath the arc of the pubis, above the urethral meatus.
p.36
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What is examined in a newborn within 6 hours after birth?
Birth injuries, malformations, or defects.
p.67
Male Internal Structures
What is the role of the Vas Deferens?
To transport sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.
What is the function of the bulb of the vestibule?
It swells with blood during sexual arousal.
How does the anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the pelvis outlet compare to its transverse diameter?
The anteroposterior (AP) diameter is wider than its transverse diameter.
What is an android pelvis?
"Male" pelvis with a narrow, shallow posterior portion and pointed anterior portion.
p.12
Reproductive Health Law
What does the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law declare as guiding principles?
Promotion and access to all methods of family planning, including natural and modern methods proven to be safe, legal, non-abortifacient, and effective.
p.11
Guiding Principles for Implementation
Who is the promotion of people's right to health essential for, according to the Act?
Especially for women, the poor, and the marginalized.
p.145
Female Reproductive Organs
Why is the True conjugate/ conjugate Vera a very important measurement?
Because it is the diameter of the pelvic inlet.
p.34
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What are the potential benefits of delaying cord clamping?
Reducing the incidence of anemia in term newborns and intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm newborns.
p.118
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the isthmus in relation to the fallopian tubes?
The portion that is cut or sealed in a tubal ligation or tubal sterilization procedure.
p.28
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What services can these facilities provide related to contraception?
Intrauterine device (IUD) and Voluntary Surgical Contraception (VSC) services, especially tubal ligations.
p.73
Reproductive Health Law
What are the components of the viscous portion of semen secreted by the seminal vesicles?
High in sugar, protein, and prostaglandins.
p.115
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What is the function of the Fallopian tubes?
Convey the ovum from the ovaries to the uterus and provide a place for fertilization of the ovum by the sperm.
p.20
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the goal of the policy issuance?
To rapidly reduce maternal and neonatal deaths.
p.52
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the focus of the Maternal and Child Nursing Initiatives in the Philippines?
Improving the health and well-being of mothers and children in the Philippines.
p.38
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What does EINC recommend regarding mobility during labor?
The mother should still be mobile, within reason, during this stage.
p.119
Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
What occurs in the ampulla?
Fertilization of the ovum.
p.22
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the second intermediate result of the strategy?
Every mother and newborn pair secures proper post-partum and newborn care with smooth transitions to the women’s health care package for the mother and child survival package for the newborn.
p.20
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What is the focus of Administrative Order 2008 - 0029?
Implementing health reforms to rapidly reduce maternal and neonatal mortality.
p.2
Reproductive Health Law
How are maternal-newborn services and commodities financed locally?
Through locally initiated revenue generation and retention activities including PhilHealth accreditation and enrolment.
p.4
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
What initiatives are included in the Maternal and Child Nursing Initiatives in the Philippines?
BEmONC Skills Training, Monitoring, Evaluation, Research, Dissemination, Maternal Death Reporting and Review System, and Annual Program Implementation Reviews.
p.67
Male Internal Structures
What is the role of the Urethra in male anatomy?
To carry both urine and semen out of the body.
p.43
Essential Newborn Care Protocol
What is the purpose of injecting Hepatitis B and BCG vaccinations to newborns?
To provide immunity against Hepatitis B and tuberculosis.
p.5
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What is the focus of Department Order 2009-0084?
Guidelines Governing the Payment of Training Fees relative to the Attendance of Health Workers to Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care Skills Training Course at Duly Designated Training Centers.
p.24
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
In which types of facilities can BEmONC be established?
Regional Hospitals and Medical Centers.
p.66
Reproductive Health Law
What is the result of the dilation of blood vessels during the process of distention and erection of the penis?
Increase in the blood flow to the arteries of the penis.
p.137
Pelvis and Female Reproductive Organs
What is an inlet in the context of the female reproductive organs?
The entrance to the true pelvis.
p.20
Maternal-Newborn Service Package
Where can the MNCHN Strategy Manual of Operations be found?
https://www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/publications/MNCHNMOPMay4withECJ.pdf
p.2
Local Delivery Network
Which department collaborates for Behavior Change Interventions in maternal-newborn service delivery?
Health Promotion and Communication Service.
p.9
Reproductive Health Law
Who must the State fully guarantee the right to make free and informed decisions?
Every person, particularly couples, adult individuals, women, and adolescents.
p.38
Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
What is recommended as non-drug pain relief in EINC before offering labor anesthesia?
Non-drug pain relief methods.
p.22
Reproductive Health Law
What does Administrative Order 2008-0029 aim to implement?
Health reforms to rapidly reduce maternal and neonatal mortality.
p.67
Male Internal Structures
What is the function of the Epididymis?
To store and transport sperm produced in the testes.
What is the role of the clitoris in female catheterization?
It serves as a landmark in locating the urethral meatus.
p.4
Local Delivery Network
Who is involved in the Annual Program Implementation Reviews?
Provincial Health Officers and Regional Coordinators.
p.67
Male Internal Structures
What is the function of the Prostate Gland?
To produce a fluid that nourishes and protects sperm.
p.9
Reproductive Health Law
Which individuals' rights and welfare are sought to be promoted by the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Law (RPRH Act of 2012)?
Couples, adult individuals, women, and adolescents.
p.67
Male Internal Structures
Where do the Ejaculatory Ducts transport sperm from?
From the vas deferens to the urethra.
p.66
Reproductive Health Law
What is the ultimate result of the process of distention and erection of the penis?
Distention and erection of the penis.
p.67
Male Internal Structures
What do the Bulbourethral Glands secrete?
A clear, viscous fluid that lubricates the urethra for sperm to pass through.
