p.5
Privacy Risks and Principles
What are the new risks associated with technology in terms of privacy?
Government and private databases, sophisticated tools for surveillance and data analysis.
p.17
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
What is a key requirement for the responsible use of video surveillance and facial recognition technologies?
Transparency, accountability, and public dialogue.
p.23
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is the motion for Debate 1 regarding facial recognition technology?
Public safety justifies the use of facial recognition technology in public spaces.
p.25
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is the motion for Debate 5 regarding facial recognition in schools?
Facial recognition should be implemented in schools to enhance student safety.
p.18
Video Surveillance and Face Recognition Technologies
What technology is often used alongside security cameras for identification?
Face recognition technology.
p.25
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is the motion for Debate 6 regarding workplace surveillance?
Employers have the right to use facial recognition and video surveillance to monitor employees for productivity and security.
p.24
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is one argument in favor of unrestricted video surveillance in public spaces?
Surveillance enhances security without violating personal rights.
p.15
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What security benefits do real-time surveillance technologies provide?
They can deter criminal activity, assist law enforcement, and enhance security during large public events.
p.8
Privacy Risks and Principles
What should organizations develop regarding law enforcement requests?
Policies for responding to law enforcement requests for data.
p.7
Informed Consent and Data Collection Practices
What does 'opt in' consent require?
It requires individuals to explicitly permit the use of their information, usually by checking a box.
p.2
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What sectors are discussed in relation to privacy?
The Business and Social Sectors.
p.9
The Fourth Amendment and Privacy Rights
What is ensured by the Fourth Amendment?
A right to privacy in persons, homes, papers, and effects.
p.19
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
What is a key concern regarding public records?
How to control access to sensitive public records.
p.2
Government Systems and Data Privacy
What role do government systems play in privacy discussions?
They are involved in the regulation and protection of privacy rights.
p.14
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is a key debate in the context of video surveillance and face recognition?
The balance between public safety and individual privacy.
p.21
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
What is a potential risk associated with a national ID system?
Increased potential for abuse.
p.16
Transparency and Accountability
What does the public demand regarding surveillance technologies?
Greater transparency about their implementation and data access.
p.23
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is one argument against banning facial recognition technology?
With improvements and better training, facial recognition can be used fairly and effectively by law enforcement.
p.8
Privacy Risks and Principles
What principle relates to the accuracy of data?
Maintain accuracy of data.
p.20
Government Systems and Data Privacy
What data does the government have about you?
The government may have personal information such as identification details, financial records, health information, and digital activity.
p.19
Privacy Risks and Principles
What risk is associated with accessing public records?
Identity theft can arise.
p.11
The Fourth Amendment and Privacy Rights
What was the significance of the Katz v. United States (1967) decision?
The Supreme Court ruled that the Fourth Amendment applies to conversations.
p.9
The Fourth Amendment and Privacy Rights
What must be present for a warrant to be issued according to the Fourth Amendment?
Probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation.
p.4
Privacy Risks and Principles
What does control of information about oneself entail?
The ability to manage and decide how personal information is used.
p.25
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is a key argument in favor of implementing facial recognition in schools?
It can identify threats and ensure student safety by monitoring who enters and leaves the premises.
p.25
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is a key argument against facial recognition in schools?
It violates students' privacy and creates an overly monitored environment.
p.15
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is a key argument for surveillance technologies?
They help prevent crime, improve public safety, and aid in criminal investigations.
p.8
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is essential for the security of personal data?
Protect security of data.
p.24
Ethical Responsibilities of Technology Companies
What is one argument in favor of tech companies ensuring ethical use of facial recognition systems?
Tech companies should prioritize ethical use, ensure transparency, and take accountability for how their technology is deployed.
p.26
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is the motion of Debate 7 regarding facial recognition?
Facial recognition should be widely adopted for public health purposes, such as tracking individuals in pandemics.
p.14
Privacy Risks and Principles
What concerns are raised by the use of video surveillance and face recognition?
Concerns about privacy and the potential for misuse or abuse of personal data.
p.19
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What are public records?
Records available to the general public, such as bankruptcy, property, arrest records, and salaries of government employees.
p.13
Video Surveillance and Face Recognition Technologies
How does face recognition technology identify individuals?
By comparing facial images captured by cameras with a database of known faces.
p.4
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is a key aspect of privacy related to personal space?
Freedom from intrusion (being left alone).
p.16
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
What challenge exists in balancing security and personal freedoms?
The lack of clear guidelines in some regions.
p.18
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
How do security cameras impact personal privacy?
They can lead to a reduction in privacy due to constant monitoring.
p.12
Informed Consent and Data Collection Practices
What may be required for video surveillance in private spaces?
Consent or compliance with applicable laws.
p.11
The Fourth Amendment and Privacy Rights
What constitutes a 'search' according to the Supreme Court in Katz v. United States?
When the government uses a device not in general public use to explore details of the home that would previously have been unknowable without physical intrusion.
p.25
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is a key argument in favor of workplace surveillance?
Employers should be allowed to use these technologies to ensure workplace safety, prevent theft, and enhance employee productivity.
p.6
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is invisible information gathering?
Collection of personal information about a user without the user’s knowledge.
p.6
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is data mining?
Searching and analyzing masses of data to find patterns and develop new information or knowledge.
p.19
Government Systems and Data Privacy
What is the role of the Government Accountability Office (GAO)?
Monitors the government's privacy policies.
p.9
The Fourth Amendment and Privacy Rights
What does the Fourth Amendment protect individuals from?
Unreasonable searches and seizures by the government.
p.10
Surveillance Technologies and Their Impact
How do new technologies affect government searches?
They allow the government to search homes without entering them and search individuals from a distance without knowledge.
p.1
Privacy Risks and Principles
What are some common privacy risks discussed in ethics?
Data breaches, unauthorized surveillance, and misuse of personal information.
p.13
Video Surveillance and Face Recognition Technologies
How has the accuracy of face recognition systems changed in recent years?
It has improved significantly.
p.21
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is a significant concern regarding a new national ID system?
It poses a threat to freedom and privacy.
p.11
The Fourth Amendment and Privacy Rights
What did the Supreme Court rule regarding the use of thermal-imaging devices?
Police cannot use them to search a home from the outside without a search warrant.
p.18
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
What is a potential ethical concern regarding video surveillance?
The balance between security and individual privacy rights.
p.6
Privacy Risks and Principles
What does informed consent mean?
Users being aware of what information is collected and how it is used.
p.24
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is one argument against unrestricted video surveillance in public spaces?
Individuals have a right to privacy and should not be subjected to constant monitoring.
p.15
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
What is a potential misuse of video and biometric data?
Unauthorized use of facial recognition can lead to privacy violations, such as tracking individuals without their consent.
p.22
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is a basic legal framework for privacy?
Enforcement of agreements and contracts related to data protection.
p.7
Informed Consent and Data Collection Practices
What is 'opt out' consent?
A form of consent where a person must request that an organization not use their information, usually by checking a box.
p.10
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is a key problem arising from new technologies regarding personal information?
Much of our personal information resides in huge databases outside our control.
p.20
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
How is your data protected by the government?
Data protection measures may include encryption, access controls, and compliance with privacy laws and regulations.
p.13
Video Surveillance and Face Recognition Technologies
What are some applications of face recognition technology?
Security, law enforcement, access control, and customer identification.
p.14
Privacy Risks and Principles
What do privacy advocates argue is necessary to protect individuals' privacy rights?
Strict safeguards and transparency.
p.12
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
Is video surveillance in public spaces generally considered legal?
Yes, as there is no expectation of privacy in these areas.
p.8
Privacy Risks and Principles
What should organizations do when they collect information?
Inform people when you collect information.
p.8
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is a key principle regarding data collection?
Collect only the data needed.
p.24
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is the motion for Debate 3 regarding surveillance in public spaces?
Citizens should not expect privacy in public spaces, so video surveillance should be unrestricted.
p.22
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
What is encryption?
A method of protecting data by converting it into a coded format.
p.22
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
What is public-key cryptography?
A cryptographic method that uses a pair of keys for secure data transmission.
p.22
Privacy Risks and Principles
How does cryptography relate to privacy?
It helps in hiding data in plain sight to protect privacy.
p.3
Privacy in Computer Ethics
What does privacy in computer ethics refer to?
The right individuals have to control their personal information and how it is shared or used.
p.3
Privacy Risks and Principles
How have digital technologies impacted privacy concerns?
They have complicated privacy concerns as personal information is often collected, stored, and shared without explicit consent from users.
p.26
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What are some concerns against using facial recognition for health purposes?
Increased government surveillance, data breaches, and privacy concerns.
p.1
Privacy Risks and Principles
Why is privacy considered an ethical issue?
It involves the rights of individuals to control their personal information.
p.14
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
What do some countries have regarding video surveillance?
Strict regulations governing the use of video surveillance and the collection and storage of personal data.
p.12
Surveillance Technologies and Their Impact
What does video surveillance involve?
The use of cameras to monitor and record activities in public spaces or private premises.
p.8
Privacy Risks and Principles
What are Fair Information Principles?
Principles developed by privacy advocates for the protection of personal data.
p.13
Video Surveillance and Face Recognition Technologies
What are some challenges faced by face recognition technology?
Facial recognition biases and the potential for false positives or false negatives.
p.5
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is a vulnerability associated with data in the context of new technology?
The potential for unauthorized access and misuse of personal information.
p.6
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is personal information?
Any information relating to an individual person.
p.15
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
Where is facial recognition technology commonly used?
In airports, train stations, and other public spaces.
p.6
Privacy Risks and Principles
What are cookies?
Files a website stores on a visitor’s computer.
p.22
Government Systems and Data Privacy
What is the significance of regulation in privacy protection?
To establish rules and standards for data handling and protection.
p.10
The Fourth Amendment and Privacy Rights
What does the Fourth Amendment limit?
The government's rights to search homes and businesses and seize personal effects.
p.12
Surveillance Technologies and Their Impact
What are the primary uses of video surveillance and face recognition technologies?
They are used in security cameras in banks, convenience stores, and for crime investigations.
p.21
Government Systems and Data Privacy
What would new proposals for a national ID system require?
Citizenship, employment, health, tax, financial data, and biometric information.
p.7
Informed Consent and Data Collection Practices
How does 'opt-in' consent empower individuals?
It gives individuals control over whether their personal information is collected, used, or shared, requiring their consent first.
p.17
Informed Consent and Data Collection Practices
Why is it important to stay informed about laws regarding surveillance technologies?
To advocate for responsible and ethical use of these technologies.
p.5
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is a privacy concern related to smartphones?
Location apps may store and send data without the user's knowledge.
p.16
The Fourth Amendment and Privacy Rights
How could mass surveillance potentially violate the Fourth Amendment?
If used indiscriminately.
p.4
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is an example of unauthorized use of personal information?
Release of information by an insider without permission.
p.22
Informed Consent and Data Collection Practices
What are privacy enhancing technologies?
Technologies designed to protect consumer privacy.
p.22
Privacy Risks and Principles
What rights do individuals have regarding their personal data?
Ownership and control over their personal data.
p.26
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is one argument in favor of using facial recognition for public health?
It can help track the spread of diseases, enforce quarantines, and manage public health crises effectively.
p.17
Ethical Responsibilities of Technology Companies
What are the ethical and social implications of video surveillance and facial recognition technologies?
They affect privacy, fairness, and social dynamics.
p.14
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
How do laws regarding video surveillance and face recognition vary?
They vary across jurisdictions.
p.7
Informed Consent and Data Collection Practices
What does 'opt-out' consent imply about personal information usage?
Individuals are automatically included in an activity or service unless they take action to decline.
p.5
Privacy Risks and Principles
How is the data collected by search engines typically used?
To target advertising and develop new services.
p.21
Government Systems and Data Privacy
What is a potential benefit of a new national ID system?
It would be harder to forge and require carrying only one card.
p.23
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is one argument in favor of using facial recognition technology?
It enhances security by preventing crime, identifying criminals, and protecting citizens.
p.4
Privacy Risks and Principles
What does freedom from surveillance mean?
Being free from being tracked, followed, or watched.
p.4
Privacy Risks and Principles
What are intentional, institutional uses of personal information?
Deliberate actions by organizations to use personal data for specific purposes.
p.23
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is one argument in favor of banning facial recognition technology?
Studies show that facial recognition systems disproportionately misidentify people of color, leading to discrimination and false arrests.
p.24
Ethical Responsibilities of Technology Companies
What is the motion for Debate 4 regarding the ethical responsibility of tech companies?
Technology companies are responsible for ensuring their facial recognition systems are ethically used.
p.15
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
How do citizens in cities with pervasive surveillance feel?
Some feel uncomfortable with being continuously watched, fearing the erosion of personal privacy.
p.13
Video Surveillance and Face Recognition Technologies
What does face recognition technology analyze?
It analyzes and identifies individuals based on their facial features.
p.2
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
What aspects are considered in protecting privacy?
Technology, Markets, Rights, and Laws.
p.9
The Fourth Amendment and Privacy Rights
What must a warrant particularly describe according to the Fourth Amendment?
The place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized.
p.1
Ethical Responsibilities of Technology Companies
What ethical responsibilities do technology companies have regarding privacy?
To protect user data and ensure transparency in data collection practices.
p.23
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is the motion for Debate 2 regarding facial recognition technology?
Facial recognition technology is inherently biased and should be banned from use in law enforcement.
p.16
Transparency and Accountability
What criticism has Amazon's Ring faced?
Concerns about partnerships with law enforcement and data sharing without user knowledge.
p.4
Privacy Risks and Principles
How can our own actions pose privacy risks?
Through intentional trade-offs or being unaware of the risks involved.
p.24
Ethical Responsibilities of Technology Companies
What is one argument against the idea that tech companies are responsible for ethical use of their technology?
Governments and users are responsible for ethical use, while tech companies focus on innovation and profit.
p.6
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is computer matching?
Combining and comparing information from different databases to match records.
p.3
Privacy in Computer Ethics
What ability does privacy grant individuals regarding their personal data?
The ability to determine when and to what extent personal data can be communicated to others.
p.19
Government Systems and Data Privacy
What techniques are used by government systems to fight terrorism?
Data mining and computer matching.
p.20
Government Systems and Data Privacy
Who has access to the data collected by the government?
Access may be granted to government agencies, law enforcement, and authorized personnel, as well as third-party contractors.
p.12
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
How do video surveillance systems contribute to public safety?
They monitor traffic and catch drivers who run red lights, gathering evidence for crime prevention.
p.17
Government Systems and Data Privacy
How is the legal landscape regarding video surveillance and facial recognition described?
It is constantly evolving with different approaches in various countries.
p.5
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is a concern regarding who gets to see the data collected by search engines?
It raises questions about privacy and data access.
p.23
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is one argument against the use of facial recognition technology?
It infringes on privacy rights, violates consent, and may lead to misuse by authorities.
p.12
Surveillance Technologies and Their Impact
What role do prisons play in the use of video surveillance?
They use video surveillance systems for security.
p.4
Privacy Risks and Principles
What does theft of information refer to?
The illegal acquisition of personal data.
p.25
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is a key argument against workplace surveillance?
It invades employees' privacy, creates a culture of mistrust, and can lead to unethical surveillance of personal activities.
p.2
Privacy Risks and Principles
What are the main topics covered regarding privacy?
Privacy Risks and Principles, The Fourth Amendment, Expectation of Privacy, Surveillance Technologies, The Business and Social Sectors, Government Systems, and Protecting Privacy.
p.21
Government Systems and Data Privacy
What is a major issue with Social Security Numbers?
They are too widely used and easy to falsify.
p.16
Legal and Ethical Considerations in Surveillance
What is a central issue in the debate regarding surveillance technologies?
Whether there are sufficient laws to regulate their use.
p.11
The Fourth Amendment and Privacy Rights
What does the Fourth Amendment protect according to the Supreme Court ruling in Katz v. United States?
It protects people, not places.
p.1
Informed Consent and Data Collection Practices
How does privacy relate to informed consent?
Informed consent requires individuals to be aware of and agree to how their data will be used.
p.17
Privacy Risks and Principles
What challenge do video surveillance and facial recognition technologies pose?
They challenge ethical norms and can have significant social consequences.
p.8
Privacy Risks and Principles
What option should be offered to individuals regarding their data?
A way for people to opt out.
p.15
Public Safety vs. Privacy Debates
What is a major concern regarding widespread surveillance?
It can infringe on individual privacy rights and lead to constant monitoring without consent.
p.6
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is secondary use of personal information?
Use of personal information for a purpose other than the purpose for which it was provided.
p.22
Ethical Responsibilities of Technology Companies
What is the role of business tools and policies in data protection?
To implement measures that safeguard consumer data.
p.6
Privacy Risks and Principles
What is computer profiling?
Analyzing data to determine characteristics of people most likely to engage in a certain behavior.
