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___ is highly effective for FBDS and can prevent cognitive decline.
Immunotherapy
Without treatment, patients with FBDS often develop ___ and ___ deficits after a few weeks.
memory, cognitive
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Treatment and Immunotherapy for FBDS

___ is highly effective for FBDS and can prevent cognitive decline.

Immunotherapy

Faciobrachial Dystonic Seizures (FBDS)

Without treatment, patients with FBDS often develop ___ and ___ deficits after a few weeks.

memory, cognitive

Frequency and Nature of FBDS

FBDS are frequent focal seizures affecting the ___ and the same side of the ___.

arm, face

Diagnostic Tests and Results

There was no response to ___, a medication often used to treat seizures.

Carbamazepine

Coexisting Seizures with FBDS

FBDS can coexist with other types of seizures, such as ___ seizures.

thermal

Normal Test Results in FBDS Patients

In patients with LGI1 antibodies, MRI, EEG, and CSF tests may not show ___ or ___.

inflammation, abnormalities

Odd Sensations Experienced

He experiences vague, odd feelings before some attacks and has short, recurrent ___ and ___ sensations running up and down his body.

hot, cold

Arm Spasms and Twitching

The patient's face also twitches, likely on the same side as his ___.

arm

Neurologist's Observations

The neurologist observed four attacks in the clinic, which resembled ___.

faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS)

Patient Age and Symptoms

An ___-year-old man has been dropping items for 8 weeks.

81

Arm Spasms and Twitching

The patient has been experiencing arm spasms every ___, causing him to drop items.

hour

Diagnostic Tests and Results

The patient's MRI, CSF, and EEG tests were ___.

unremarkable

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Study Smarter, Not Harder