To help lift the head and chest off the floor.
The fingers flex closed.
They may not integrate or return to help sustain life.
Pinch activities.
Weight-bearing activities.
No reaction to the test.
To support proper sensory and motor development.
By observing the response to light stroking along the spine.
Dropping of the head, loud noise, or tapping the body.
It allows for the development of voluntary movements and coordination.
It may lead to difficulties in motor skills, learning, and behavior.
Automatic responses that are present at birth and typically integrate during early childhood.
Processing auditory input and movements during birth.
It indicates normal neurological development in infants.
Potential issues with reflex integration.
Congenital disorders, trauma, stress, and injury.
It may lead to difficulties in attention and coordination.
Fiction, non-fiction, poetry, biography, and more.
The process by which primitive reflexes are integrated into more complex motor skills.
The trunk will flex on the side of the touch, possibly accompanied by hip flexion and leg abduction.
Between 5 to 9 months.
Supine in starfish position.
Moving from flexion to extension while crossing arms and legs at midline.
By 3-6 months.
Crumple paper in hand.
The arms straighten and the legs bend.
Push into the hand.
Print, digital, and audiobooks.
Reflexive movements that aid in the development of postural movements.
By 6 months.
Turn head and look for arm bending.
By 2-3 years.
To encourage the child to grab it with upper and lower extremities.
The mouth turns to a stimulus applied to areas of the mouth.
Prone over the large yoga ball.
A course related to sensory integration.
It can lead to difficulties in motor skills and coordination.
The arms bend and the legs straighten.
Between 3-4 months.
A reflex involving the movement of the head into flexion and extension with upper and lower extremities following in the same movement pattern.
Crawling, bilateral coordination, ocular motor skills, sitting still/postural stability, and midline awareness.
By 4 months.
It may influence how auditory input is processed.
Remain relaxed and straight.
It helps in lifting the head and chest off the floor.
A strong focus on passive activity used in preparation for functional movements.
They impact each other.
To convey information, stories, and knowledge.
Tactile processing.
Sensational Brain.
Prepares for standing, supports crawling, and helps develop the nervous system.
Linear swinging on a scooter board.
Kicking a ball.
In infants, usually up to 2 years old.
Postural stability, movement coordination, and visual development.
Activities of daily living (ADLs), cognition, and emotional regulation.
28 weeks gestation.
A primitive reflex that is triggered by stroking the lower back.
A startle response that integrates between 3-4 months and turns into an adult startle response.
Around 6 months of age.
The infant often goes into flexion and may freeze.
By 2-3 years.
When the head is dropped back, the arms and legs open into extension and then return to flexion.
It extends upward.
In combination with sensory development, reflexes lead to higher-level skills.
They contribute to sensorimotor skills like posture, bilateral integration, and motor planning.
The child lies on their side while the therapist moves their trunk through flexion and extension, providing proprioception.
A reflex where a child lifts the upper body, head, and lower body off the floor while in a prone position.
Visual stimulus.
It assesses the reflex response to sudden stimuli.
Extension of arms.
A reflex where an infant's fingers close around an object placed in their palm.
They integrate and move to a more cognitive/controlled movement pattern.
Going into 'survival mode'.
Feeding becomes more automatic and less reflexive.
Proprioceptive, vestibular, auditory, and tactile.
With head and chest off the floor and legs flexed at the knees, the therapist provides resistance while the client pushes into the therapist's hands.
Eating and handwriting.
Swipe a finger over the palm of the hand and observe if fingers flex to grasp.
Reaching for a 'bone' with their mouth.
They bend.
Around 13 weeks in utero.
Tip them backward slowly, then do a quick drop without letting them fall.
Ocular motor control, visual-motor integration (VMI), visual-spatial skills, language, and attention.
To help children develop coordination by transferring items from side to side while standing back to back.
12 weeks.
It assists with feeding.
Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex.
By providing resistance.
To promote coordination and reflex integration.
Yes, poorly integrated reflexes can impact emotional responses and self-regulation.
Helps with holding in the fetal position and extension for coming down the birth canal.
Bending the neck forward and backward, holding each position with eyes closed for 10 seconds.
To help with hand-eye coordination and visual tracking.
Using hands and feet to rock back and forth while keeping the body on the floor.
At 12 weeks in utero.
The Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex, which involves visual tracking and movement.
Prone position.
9-11 months, when crawling begins.
At 10 weeks in utero.
Lay the child on the floor and warn them of a loud noise, then slap your arms down on the mat.
Birthing, breathing, hearing, crawling, bilateral coordination, visual-motor skills, ocular motor, and hand dominance.
Poor balance, swaying, dizziness, and excessive tension.
The reflex may not be fully integrated.
Releasing the ball unexpectedly.
Rhythmic Movement Training.
3-6 months.
Building Blocks for Sensory Integration.
It improves comprehension, empathy, and cognitive skills.
A reflex action in which the big toe extends upward when the sole of the foot is stroked.
Crawling activities and movements like Cat/Cow/Table.
It can affect attention and impulsivity.
By stroking from the armpit to the pelvis.
A game where the therapist and child are in quadruped position, pushing against each other to knock the other down.
It indicates a non-integrated reflex.
The toes extend and spread, and the foot rotates medially.
By enhancing knowledge, improving vocabulary, and fostering critical thinking.
Through specific movement patterns and reflex responses.
Prone.
By supporting the foot at the ankle and applying pressure from the heel to the ball of the foot.
Stroking the sole of the foot.
Reflexive movement patterns we are born with to aid in safety and survival.
Anxiety, auditory defensiveness, and vestibular defensiveness.
If a child has trouble tracking across the midline.
Moving the upper and lower body at the same pace.
Fingers remain extended.
Supine on the floor.
Lying face down on the floor.
6-9 months.
9 weeks in utero.
By 3-4 months of age.
Reaching above head.
Clothing sensitivities.
A reflex where fingers flex to grasp an object.
It indicates a protective response in reflex integration.
Flexion of the trunk on the side of the touch.
Additional movements at the hips and arms.
Maryann Trott and Kathleen Taylor.
Arms extended to 90˚, turn head and look for arm movements.
At 5-6 months.
A method involving butt scooting with arms and back straight, shifting weight to one side to scoot forward.
By observing the child in a prone position.
Look right and grasp the item with the right extended arm, flex the right elbow to midline, then flex the left elbow to grab the item out of the right hand.
Lay prone, turn head to right, flex right leg and arm, pause, turn head to left, extend right upper and lower extremities, pause, flex left leg and arm, pause, turn head to right, extend left upper and lower extremities, pause.
To integrate the ATNR reflex.
Hold thumb up in front of self and track it as you move it across midline.
Left arm and leg flex to push forward, then right arm and leg flex to push forward.
