Question 1

One of the routes of administration for β2 Agonist Bronchodilators is ___ administration.

Accepted Answer

oral

Question 2

Inhalation is a common route of administration for ___ Agonist Bronchodilators.

Accepted Answer

β2

Question 3

Beta 2 selective drugs primarily exert their action on ___ smooth muscle.

Accepted Answer

respiratory

Question 4

In case of adverse effects from xanthine derivatives, it is important to monitor and inform ___ immediately.

Accepted Answer

HCP (Healthcare Provider)

Question 5

Anticholinergic drugs are not typically the first-line treatment for ___.

Accepted Answer

asthma

Question 6

Xanthine derivatives can interact with substances found in ___, ___, and ___.

Accepted Answer

tea, coffee, chocolate

Question 7

___ Dose Inhalers (MDI) are a method of administering β2 Agonist Bronchodilators.

Accepted Answer

Metered

Question 8

Early signs of xanthine toxicity include nausea, confusion, irritability, and ___.

Accepted Answer

restlessness

Question 9

β2 Agonist Bronchodilators can be administered via ___ injection.

Accepted Answer

subcutaneous

Question 10

The therapeutic range for xanthine derivatives is ___ to ___ μg/mL.

Accepted Answer

10, 20

Question 11

Stimulation of the β2 receptor inhibits ___ contraction.

Accepted Answer

smooth-muscle

Question 12

Theophylline-induced seizures are a ___ phenomenon.

Accepted Answer

life-threatening

Question 13

The duration of action for LABAs is maintained for ___ hours after inhalation of a single dose.

Accepted Answer

12

Question 14

Anticholinergic drugs are a cornerstone of controlling bronchoconstriction in ___.

Accepted Answer

COPD

Question 15

MDIs need to be ___ before being inhaled.

Accepted Answer

nebulized

Question 16

A ___ or reservoir-like attachment can be used with MDIs to sequester the drug between the MDI and the patient’s mouth.

Accepted Answer

spacer

Question 17

Increased cAMP increases the activity of other enzymes such as ___.

Accepted Answer

protein kinase

Question 18

Higher doses and systemic administration of anticholinergic drugs can cause adverse effects such as dry mouth, constipation, tachycardia, ___, urinary retention, and blurred vision.

Accepted Answer

confusion

Question 19

Beta agonists can lead to ___ stimulation, affecting the heart.

Accepted Answer

cardiac

Question 20

It is important to check for ___ of beta agonists in patients.

Accepted Answer

overuse

Question 21

Beta 2 selective drugs stimulate ___.

Accepted Answer

bronchodilation

Question 22

Stimulation of Beta 2 receptors causes arterial ___ and ___.

Accepted Answer

vasodilation, bronchodilation

Question 23

Anticholinergic drugs block ___ cholinergic receptors and prevent acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction.

Accepted Answer

muscarinic

Question 24

Stimulation of the β2 receptor increases the activity of the ___ enzyme.

Accepted Answer

adenyl cyclase

Question 25

Xanthine derivatives inhibit the ___ enzyme located in bronchial smooth-muscle cells.

Accepted Answer

phosphodiesterase (PDE)

Question 26

___ are devices that convert liquid medication into a mist for inhalation, used for β2 Agonist Bronchodilators.

Accepted Answer

Nebulizers

Question 27

Patients using beta agonists may experience ___ or jitteriness.

Accepted Answer

nervousness

Question 28

Electrolyte imbalances associated with xanthine derivatives include hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, ___, hypocalcemia/hypercalcemia, and hyperglycemia.

Accepted Answer

hypomagnesemia

Question 29

Beta 2 receptors are found in ___ smooth muscle and ___.

Accepted Answer

arteriolar, bronchioles

Question 30

Metered Dose Inhalers (MDI) contain the drug in a small ___ canister.

Accepted Answer

aerosol

Question 31

MDIs release an accurate dose of ___ + drug mixture at high velocity.

Accepted Answer

propellant

Question 32

Xanthine derivatives, such as ___, are powerful bronchodilators.

Accepted Answer

Theophylline

Question 33

At lower doses and with inhalation, anticholinergic drugs are generally ___ well.

Accepted Answer

tolerated

Question 34

Examples of LABAs include ___ and ___.

Accepted Answer

Salmeterol; Serevent, Advair, Formoterol; Foradil

Question 35

Allow increased time to complete aerobic tasks to account for depressed ___ output.

Accepted Answer

cardiac

Question 36

Beta 2 selective drugs have little to no effect on ___ receptors.

Accepted Answer

cardiac

Question 37

Xanthine derivatives can cause confusion, irritability, ___, seizures, nausea, and abdominal pain.

Accepted Answer

arrhythmias

Question 38

Beta 1 receptors are primarily located in the ___ and their stimulation causes increased ___ and increased ___.

Accepted Answer

heart, heart rate (HR), contraction

Question 39

MDIs require ___ on the patient’s part to ensure adequate delivery of the drug.

Accepted Answer

coordination

Question 40

cAMP acts as an intracellular ___ messenger.

Accepted Answer

second

Question 41

Higher doses and systemic administration of anticholinergic drugs can cause adverse effects such as dry mouth, constipation, ___, confusion, urinary retention, and blurred vision.

Accepted Answer

tachycardia

Question 42

The mechanism of xanthine derivatives likely involves a combination of several ___.

Accepted Answer

mechanisms

Question 43

Higher doses and systemic administration of anticholinergic drugs can cause adverse effects such as dry mouth, constipation, tachycardia, confusion, ___ retention, and blurred vision.

Accepted Answer

urinary

Question 44

Long-acting β 2 AR agonists (LABAs) are used for ___ therapy.

Accepted Answer

maintenance

Question 45

Beta agonists can cause ___, which is a drop in blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

hypotension

Question 46

Short-acting β 2 AR agonists (SABAs) have an onset of action within ___ minutes.

Accepted Answer

3

Question 47

Examples of SABAs include ___ and ___.

Accepted Answer

Metaproterenol; Alupent, Albuterol; Ventolin, Proventil

Question 48

One risk of long-term beta agonist use is the development of ___ to the medication.

Accepted Answer

tolerance

Question 49

Use ___ to monitor exercise intensity, aiming for a range of 11-13/20 or 3-5/10.

Accepted Answer

RPE (Rate of Perceived Exertion)

Question 50

Examples of anticholinergic drugs include ___ (Atrovent) and ___ (Spiriva).

Accepted Answer

Ipratropium, Tiotropium

Question 51

Stimulation of the β2 receptor increases the production of intracellular ___.

Accepted Answer

cAMP

Question 52

The exact mechanism of action for xanthine derivatives is ___.

Accepted Answer

unclear

Question 53

Dry-powder inhalers (DPI) are a type of ___ for β2 Agonist Bronchodilators.

Accepted Answer

inhaler

Question 54

Patients who are otherwise healthy are unlikely to have significant toxicity with levels below ___ μg/mL.

Accepted Answer

25

Question 55

SABAs peak in effectiveness at ___ hours.

Accepted Answer

2.5

Question 56

Discuss any concerns about beta agonist use with a ___ (HCP).

Accepted Answer

healthcare provider

Question 57

Xanthine toxicity begins if plasma levels exceed ___ μg/mL and becomes serious if levels are greater than ___ μg/mL.

Accepted Answer

15, 20

Question 58

Serious signs of xanthine toxicity include cardiac arrhythmias and ___.

Accepted Answer

seizures

Question 59

Predisposing factors for xanthine toxicity include liver disease, congestive heart failure, age over ___ years, infections such as pneumonia, and concomitant use of other drugs.

Accepted Answer

55

Question 60

SABAs are often referred to as ___ meds.

Accepted Answer

rescue

Question 61

When transferring patients slowly, it is important to incorporate an appropriate ___ period after aerobic exercise.

Accepted Answer

cool-down

Question 62

Monitor and report symptoms of nervousness or jitteriness to a ___ (HCP).

Accepted Answer

healthcare provider

Question 63

One consideration for beta agonists is the potential for ___ irritation or constriction.

Accepted Answer

bronchial

Question 64

A common cardiovascular side effect of beta agonists is ___ tachycardia.

Accepted Answer

reflexive

One of the routes of administration for β2 Agonist Bronchodilators is ___ administration.

Inhalation is a common route of administration for ___ Agonist Bronchodilators.

Beta 2 selective drugs primarily exert their action on ___ smooth muscle.

In case of adverse effects from xanthine derivatives, it is important to monitor and inform ___ immediately.

Anticholinergic drugs are not typically the first-line treatment for ___.

Xanthine derivatives can interact with substances found in ___, ___, and ___.

___ Dose Inhalers (MDI) are a method of administering β2 Agonist Bronchodilators.

Early signs of xanthine toxicity include nausea, confusion, irritability, and ___.

β2 Agonist Bronchodilators can be administered via ___ injection.

The therapeutic range for xanthine derivatives is ___ to ___ μg/mL.

Stimulation of the β2 receptor inhibits ___ contraction.

Theophylline-induced seizures are a ___ phenomenon.

The duration of action for LABAs is maintained for ___ hours after inhalation of a single dose.

Anticholinergic drugs are a cornerstone of controlling bronchoconstriction in ___.

MDIs need to be ___ before being inhaled.

A ___ or reservoir-like attachment can be used with MDIs to sequester the drug between the MDI and the patient’s mouth.

Increased cAMP increases the activity of other enzymes such as ___.

Higher doses and systemic administration of anticholinergic drugs can cause adverse effects such as dry mouth, constipation, tachycardia, ___, urinary retention, and blurred vision.

Beta agonists can lead to ___ stimulation, affecting the heart.

It is important to check for ___ of beta agonists in patients.

Beta 2 selective drugs stimulate ___.

Stimulation of Beta 2 receptors causes arterial ___ and ___.

Anticholinergic drugs block ___ cholinergic receptors and prevent acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction.

Stimulation of the β2 receptor increases the activity of the ___ enzyme.

Xanthine derivatives inhibit the ___ enzyme located in bronchial smooth-muscle cells.

___ are devices that convert liquid medication into a mist for inhalation, used for β2 Agonist Bronchodilators.

Patients using beta agonists may experience ___ or jitteriness.

Electrolyte imbalances associated with xanthine derivatives include hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, ___, hypocalcemia/hypercalcemia, and hyperglycemia.

Beta 2 receptors are found in ___ smooth muscle and ___.

Metered Dose Inhalers (MDI) contain the drug in a small ___ canister.

MDIs release an accurate dose of ___ + drug mixture at high velocity.

Xanthine derivatives, such as ___, are powerful bronchodilators.

At lower doses and with inhalation, anticholinergic drugs are generally ___ well.

Examples of LABAs include ___ and ___.

Allow increased time to complete aerobic tasks to account for depressed ___ output.

Beta 2 selective drugs have little to no effect on ___ receptors.

Xanthine derivatives can cause confusion, irritability, ___, seizures, nausea, and abdominal pain.

Beta 1 receptors are primarily located in the ___ and their stimulation causes increased ___ and increased ___.

MDIs require ___ on the patient’s part to ensure adequate delivery of the drug.

cAMP acts as an intracellular ___ messenger.

Higher doses and systemic administration of anticholinergic drugs can cause adverse effects such as dry mouth, constipation, ___, confusion, urinary retention, and blurred vision.

The mechanism of xanthine derivatives likely involves a combination of several ___.

Higher doses and systemic administration of anticholinergic drugs can cause adverse effects such as dry mouth, constipation, tachycardia, confusion, ___ retention, and blurred vision.

Long-acting β 2 AR agonists (LABAs) are used for ___ therapy.

Beta agonists can cause ___, which is a drop in blood pressure.

Short-acting β 2 AR agonists (SABAs) have an onset of action within ___ minutes.

Examples of SABAs include ___ and ___.

One risk of long-term beta agonist use is the development of ___ to the medication.

Use ___ to monitor exercise intensity, aiming for a range of 11-13/20 or 3-5/10.

Examples of anticholinergic drugs include ___ (Atrovent) and ___ (Spiriva).

Stimulation of the β2 receptor increases the production of intracellular ___.

The exact mechanism of action for xanthine derivatives is ___.

Dry-powder inhalers (DPI) are a type of ___ for β2 Agonist Bronchodilators.

Patients who are otherwise healthy are unlikely to have significant toxicity with levels below ___ μg/mL.

SABAs peak in effectiveness at ___ hours.

Discuss any concerns about beta agonist use with a ___ (HCP).

Xanthine toxicity begins if plasma levels exceed ___ μg/mL and becomes serious if levels are greater than ___ μg/mL.

Serious signs of xanthine toxicity include cardiac arrhythmias and ___.

Predisposing factors for xanthine toxicity include liver disease, congestive heart failure, age over ___ years, infections such as pneumonia, and concomitant use of other drugs.

SABAs are often referred to as ___ meds.

When transferring patients slowly, it is important to incorporate an appropriate ___ period after aerobic exercise.

Monitor and report symptoms of nervousness or jitteriness to a ___ (HCP).

One consideration for beta agonists is the potential for ___ irritation or constriction.

A common cardiovascular side effect of beta agonists is ___ tachycardia.

Over ___ on beta agonists is a potential concern for patients.

Xanthine derivatives can interact with substances found in _, _, and ___.

The therapeutic range for xanthine derivatives is _ to _ μg/mL.

Stimulation of Beta 2 receptors causes arterial _ and _.

Beta 2 receptors are found in _ smooth muscle and _.

Examples of LABAs include _ and _.

Beta 1 receptors are primarily located in the _ and their stimulation causes increased _ and increased ___.

Examples of SABAs include _ and _.

Examples of anticholinergic drugs include _ (Atrovent) and _ (Spiriva).

Xanthine toxicity begins if plasma levels exceed _ μg/mL and becomes serious if levels are greater than _ μg/mL.