p.6
Pathologies: Malformations, Tumors, and Infections
What does 'more pec' refer to?
This term is unclear; please provide more context.
p.4
Anatomy of the Brain: Key Structures
What is the Central (Rolandic) fissure responsible for?
Separating the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe.
p.1
Functional Areas of the Brain: Broca's and Wernicke's Areas
What happens if there is a lesion in Broca's area?
The patient will understand but have difficulty speaking (non-fluent aphasia).
p.4
Anatomy of the Brain: Key Structures
What is the Sylvian Fissure?
A prominent lateral fissure that separates the frontal and temporal lobes.
p.4
Anatomy of the Brain: Key Structures
What is the function of the Cingulate Sulcus?
It separates the cingulate gyrus from the frontal and parietal lobes.
p.1
Functional Areas of the Brain: Broca's and Wernicke's Areas
What is the effect of a lesion in Wernicke's area?
The patient will not understand but will speak meaningless words (fluent aphasia).
p.6
Pathologies: Malformations, Tumors, and Infections
What is infarction?
Tissue death due to a lack of blood supply.
p.5
Cerebral Blood Supply: Major Arteries
What artery supplies the posterior brain?
Posterior cerebral artery.
p.1
Functional Areas of the Brain: Broca's and Wernicke's Areas
What is the location of Broca's area?
In the inferior frontal gyrus of the dominant hemisphere, usually the left.
p.5
Cerebral Blood Supply: Major Arteries
Which artery mainly supplies the medial brain?
Anterior cerebral artery.
p.5
Stroke Types and Affected Areas
What is the consequence of a stroke affecting the internal capsule?
Contralateral hemiparesis.
p.1
Functional Areas of the Brain: Broca's and Wernicke's Areas
Where is Wernicke's area located?
In the superior temporal gyrus.
p.3
Anatomy of the Brain: Key Structures
What is the adenohypophysis?
The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
p.5
Cerebral Blood Supply: Major Arteries
Which artery supplies the most medial part of the temporal lobe?
Anterior choroidal artery.
p.2
Basal Ganglia and Related Hemorrhages
What happens if there is hypertension in the basal ganglia?
It can lead to hemorrhage, especially in the putamen.
p.2
Anatomy of the Brain: Key Structures
Where is the uncas located?
It is the most medial part of the temporal lobe.
p.1
Anatomy of the Brain: Key Structures
What are the main sulci on the medial surface of the brain?
Cingulate, parietooccipital, calcarine, and collateral sulcus.
p.6
Pathologies: Malformations, Tumors, and Infections
What is an abscess?
A localized collection of pus in a tissue, often due to infection.
p.2
Cerebral Blood Supply: Major Arteries
Which artery supplies the putamen and globus pallidus?
Deep branches of the middle cerebral artery (MCA).
p.4
Anatomy of the Brain: Key Structures
What does the Parieto-occipital fissure separate?
The parietal lobe from the occipital lobe.
p.5
Cerebral Blood Supply: Major Arteries
Which artery supplies the hippocampal formation?
Anterior choroidal artery.
p.3
Anatomy of the Brain: Key Structures
What is the neurohypophysis?
The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
p.1
Ionizing Radiation and Safety in Imaging
What is a key characteristic of Computed Tomography (CT) regarding ionizing radiation?
CT uses ionizing radiation, which is contraindicated in pregnancy and should be minimized in children.
p.4
Anatomy of the Brain: Key Structures
What are the 'SuTG', 'MTG', and 'InTG'?
Superior temporal gyri, Middle temporal gyri, and Inferior temporal gyri, respectively.
p.5
Cerebral Blood Supply: Major Arteries
Which artery supplies the occipital lobe?
Posterior cerebral artery.
p.5
Cerebral Blood Supply: Major Arteries
What supplies the brainstem?
Perforating branches of the basilar artery.
p.2
Functional Areas of the Brain: Broca's and Wernicke's Areas
What is the function of the insula in the brain?
Motor, sensory, memory, and thinking.
p.5
Cerebral Blood Supply: Major Arteries
What artery supplies the lentiform nucleus?
Middle cerebral artery deep branches.
p.6
Pathologies: Malformations, Tumors, and Infections
What is a tumor?
An abnormal mass of tissue that can be benign or malignant.
p.1
Imaging Techniques: CT vs MRI
What is a significant advantage of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) over CT?
MRI provides high resolution and can see very small details.
p.4
Anatomy of the Brain: Key Structures
What is the Insula?
A region lying deep in the lateral sulcus (Sylvian fissure), covered by the frontal and temporal lobes.
p.6
Pathologies: Malformations, Tumors, and Infections
What is a malformation?
An abnormal structural development in an organ or part of the body.
p.6
Pathologies: Malformations, Tumors, and Infections
What is an infection?
The invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, causing illness.
p.5
Stroke Types and Affected Areas
What type of stroke occurs in the medial frontal lobe?
Anterior cerebral artery stroke.
p.2
Basal Ganglia and Related Hemorrhages
What is the significance of the putamen in hypertensive patients?
It is often affected in internal hemorrhage secondary to hypertension.
p.1
MRI Sequences: T1 and T2
What is the difference in fluid appearance between T1 and T2 MRI sequences?
In T1, fluid is dark; in T2, fluid is bright.
p.3
Anatomy of the Brain: Key Structures
Where does the gyrus rectus appear?
In the inferior part of the frontal lobe.
p.6
Pathologies: Malformations, Tumors, and Infections
What does metastasis refer to?
The spread of cancer cells from the original tumor to other parts of the body.
p.2
Basal Ganglia and Related Hemorrhages
What forms the lentiform nucleus?
Globus pallidus and putamen.
p.1
Imaging Techniques: CT vs MRI
What does CT with contrast highlight?
Blood vessels appear bright.
p.5
Cerebral Blood Supply: Major Arteries
What supplies the thalamus?
Posterior cerebral artery deep branches.
