Organs with different origin but similar function.
Frederick Griffith in 1928.
The belief in the evolution of life forms driven by the use and disuse of organs.
He demonstrated that life comes only from pre-existing life.
They suggest divergent evolution based on the concept of common ancestry.
When more than one adaptive radiation occurs in an isolated geographical area.
Pre-historic cave art, developed agriculture, and settlements.
Chromatin.
Additional sequences that are not translated and are present at both 5' and 3' ends.
Dryopithecus is ape-like and Ramapithecus is man-like.
The idea of mutations causing speciation, which he called saltation.
Earth was supposed to have been formed about 4.5 billion years back.
650 cc.
Almost 20 billion years old.
It suggests that life came out of decaying and rotting matter like straw, mud, etc.
Degeneracy or redundancy.
The evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a point and radiating to other areas.
That DNA, not protein, is the genetic material passed from viruses to bacteria.
RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and initiates transcription using nucleoside triphosphates as substrates.
It proposes that the first form of life could have come from pre-existing non-living organic molecules (e.g. RNA, protein, etc.).
The concept that DNA is responsible for genetic transformation.
Genetic drift operates on very small isolated populations, leading to founder effects and bottleneck effects.
DNA fingerprinting is based on identifying differences in specific regions in DNA sequence called repetitive DNA, and it is useful in forensic applications due to the high degree of polymorphism.
1400 cc.
Big Bang theory.
mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).
In Ethiopia and Tanzania.
Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty.
Nucleosome.
Gene migration, genetic drift, mutation, genetic recombination, and natural selection.
Homologous organs are organs having the same origin but different functions, indicating common ancestry.
Histones.
It states that allele frequencies in a population remain stable and constant from generation to generation, known as genetic equilibrium.
It is responsible for the transcription of tRNA, 5s rRNA, and snRNAs (small nuclear RNAs).
Branching descent and natural selection.
The flow of genetic information from DNA to mRNA to protein.
Beta-galactosidase.
Nucleoid.
DNA-dependent DNA polymerase.
Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod elucidated the lac operon, which is a type of inducible operon.
It provides a binding site for RNA polymerase and defines the template and coding strands.
The first cellular forms of life appeared, followed by the formation of invertebrates, jawless fish, and the existence of sea weeds and few plants.
The Human Genome Project was a 13-year project coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Institute of Health.
