A process in which organisms obtain food for energy, growth, and maintaining health.
Autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition.
By photosynthesis; they are autotrophs.
Organisms that cannot make their own food and depend on other organisms for food.
A type of heterotrophic nutrition where complex food is taken in and digested inside the body, e.g., humans.
A type of heterotrophic nutrition where food is broken down outside the body and soluble nutrients are absorbed, e.g., bread mould and bacteria.
A type of heterotrophic nutrition where organisms live on or inside other organisms and obtain food from them, e.g., tapeworms.
From the villi to lacteals, then through the main lymph vessel to the blood vessel near the neck region and vena cava.
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, anus.
To supply oxygen and nutrients to the tooth and remove wastes.
Incisor, Canine, Premolar, Molar.
Biting and cutting food.
They catalyze chemical reactions to break down complex food molecules.
The movement of food from the esophagus to the rectum through wave-like contractions.
Undigested and unabsorbed materials.
Egestion or defaecation.
Salivary amylase.
Through diffusion and active transport in epithelial cells and lacteals.
A large amount of calcium salts but is not as hard as enamel.
The taking in of food into the mouth cavity and masticating by the teeth.
Physical digestion and chemical digestion.
Detoxification.
32.
From the villi to capillaries, then through the hepatic portal vein to the liver and other parts of the body.
6.5 – 7.5.
To produce saliva, which aids in digestion.
Glycogen.
Faeces.
Non-essential amino acids.
Bile.
2123.
The alimentary canal and its associated digestive glands.
Digestive juices.
It increases the surface area for absorption.
Regulates the blood glucose level.
Temperature and pressure.
Converts excess carbohydrates and amino acids into lipids.
Deamination.
It is the process of breaking down fats by bile, occurring in the small intestine.
It controls the expulsion of faeces from the body.
Osmosis.
Enamel.
The process by which excess amino acids are broken down.
To produce digestive enzymes and juices.
Tearing flesh.
Lipid-soluble vitamins.
It pushes food along the alimentary canal, mixes food with digestive juices, and aids absorption.
Churning occurs, catalyzed by enzymes in gastric juice.
Enamel, Dentine, and Pulp cavity.
It is broken down by respiration in cells for energy, and excess glucose is converted to glycogen or lipids for storage.
2.0 (acidic).
The process of chewing food into small pieces by the teeth.
Because the membrane of our cells is differentially permeable, and large molecules must be broken down into small, soluble molecules to enter the cells.
Crushing and grinding food.
Milk teeth and permanent teeth.
In the rectum.
Enamel.
Proteins into peptides.
They increase the surface area for absorption and reduce the diffusion distance.
To produce bile, which helps in the digestion of fats.
Ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, and egestion.
They are broken down, and the iron released is stored.
Vitamin A.
In the ileum of the small intestine.
Mainly calcium salts.
They are used to make proteins for growth and repair, enzymes, antibodies, and hormones, and can be broken down for energy when needed.
7.6 – 8.6 (alkaline).
8.0 (alkaline).
Disaccharides into monosaccharides and peptides into amino acids.
2102.
Crown, neck, and root.
The uptake and use of absorbed food molecules by cells for metabolism.
Its length and peristalsis.
Living cells, blood vessels, and nerve fibres.
8.5 (alkaline).
Circular muscles and longitudinal muscles.
20.
The digestive system.
Into the alimentary canal.
They increase the surface area for absorption and transport absorbed food molecules away rapidly.
Pancreatic amylase, proteases, and pancreatic lipase.
Duodenum and ileum.
To break down food into smaller pieces by physical actions.
It increases the surface area of food for digestive juices to act on.
It shows the numbers of different types of teeth on each side of the upper and lower jaws.
The presence of bile pigments.
A long muscular tube that begins at the mouth and ends at the anus.
They are used to make cell membranes and hormones, act as an energy reserve, and excess lipids are stored in adipose tissues.
Emulsification of lipids into small lipid droplets.
They are absorbed into the blood in the colon.
Cementum through the periodontal membrane.
Crushing and grinding food.
The type, number, and arrangement of teeth in the jaws.
It contains enzymes that catalyze chemical digestion in the mouth.
