p.34
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is a primary cause of apexification in children?
Trauma, such as cracked or chipped teeth.
p.27
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is the primary purpose of a Cvek Pulpotomy?
To treat pulp exposure while preserving pulp vitality.
p.22
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What is Root Canal Therapy?
A procedure to remove infected pulp tissue from the tooth and seal the space to prevent further infection.
p.41
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What condition was the primary tooth in during the recall visit?
The primary tooth was in good shape.
p.42
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What was the chief complaint of the patient?
To treat a fractured tooth that happened about an hour ago while playing at school.
p.10
Classification of Pulp Health Status
What is a characteristic of asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis?
A thin band of reparative dentin forms between the infected dentin and the pulp.
How can a fractured tooth affect the pulp?
A fractured tooth can expose or damage the pulp, potentially leading to pulpitis or necrosis.
p.31
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is Apexification?
A procedure to form a calcified barrier at the apex of a non-vital tooth to promote the closure of the root apex.
p.42
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What type of history was taken from the patient?
A detailed medical history and dental history.
p.22
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is Direct Pulp Capping?
A treatment method that involves placing a material directly over an exposed pulp to promote healing.
p.39
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What clinical finding was noted on tooth S?
Deep decay on the distal that led to bacterial contamination of the pulp.
p.34
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is another cause of apexification in children?
Caries, often due to prolonged breastfeeding or artificial feeding.
p.18
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is an indication for Indirect Pulp Therapy?
The presence of deep caries in primary teeth that exhibit no pulpitis or a reversible pulpitis diagnosis.
p.18
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What condition must be present for Indirect Pulp Therapy to be indicated?
A capability of healing after treatment.
p.24
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What is the goal of pulpotomy in primary teeth?
To keep the radicular pulp vital and asymptomatic.
p.37
Apexogenesis and Apexification
Where is the biocompatible cement deposited during apexogenesis?
On the exposed pulp tissue.
p.39
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What was the chief complaint of the patient?
Presence of gingival swelling of tooth S.
p.17
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is the primary goal of Indirect Pulp Therapy?
To preserve tooth vitality and avoid more invasive procedures.
p.38
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
How do case studies contribute to evidence-based practice in pediatric dentistry?
They offer real-world examples that can support or challenge existing theories and practices.
p.44
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What condition was present in the tooth treated in the case study?
Complete root formation and signs/symptoms of pulpal exposure without apical lesion.
p.2
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What is the primary focus of endodontic evaluation in pediatric patients?
To assess the health of the pulp and surrounding tissues in young patients.
p.37
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the purpose of apexogenesis in pediatric dentistry?
To stimulate the formation of a dentin bridge and fill in the gaps between the apex and crown.
p.2
Radiographic Evaluation in Pediatric Dentistry
What role does radiographic evaluation play in endodontic assessment?
It helps visualize the extent of pulp damage and surrounding bone health.
p.1
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the role of apexogenesis in pulpal therapy?
To encourage continued root development in immature teeth.
p.40
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What material is used for obturation after the tooth is asymptomatic?
MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate).
p.22
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
When is Tooth Extraction necessary?
When a tooth is severely damaged or infected and cannot be saved through other treatments.
p.25
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What conditions indicate a Pulpectomy in a primary tooth?
Irreversible pulpitis or necrotic pulp.
p.17
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is Indirect Pulp Therapy?
A treatment for teeth with deep carious lesions that have no pulp exposure.
p.38
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What can be learned from case studies in pediatric endodontics?
They can reveal the success rates of different treatment methods and highlight potential complications.
p.12
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
How is the cold test used to diagnose asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis?
A cold stimulus is applied to the tooth, and the response is evaluated; a prolonged or exaggerated response indicates irreversible pulpitis.
p.41
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What was observed during the patient's recall visit regarding bone condition?
Bone regeneration was noted.
p.41
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What occurred one year later during the patient's next recall?
Normal eruption of the succedaneous tooth was occurring.
p.41
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What was happening to the primary tooth one year later?
Normal resorption was occurring.
What is the primary focus of pulpal therapy?
To treat and preserve the health of the dental pulp.
p.40
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is the goal of the treatment?
Control of the infection.
p.38
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
Why are case studies important in pediatric dentistry?
They provide insights into effective treatment strategies and help improve clinical practices.
p.28
Pulp Vitality Assessment
Which tooth would have a better prognosis if a Cvek Pulpotomy was performed, a 7-year old tooth number 19 or a 21-year old number 19?
7-year old tooth number 19.
p.31
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What are the indications for Apexification?
Non-vital teeth with incomplete root development due to trauma or decay.
p.18
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is the objective of Indirect Pulp Therapy?
The final restoration should completely seal involved dentin from the oral environment.
p.43
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What was the first stage of treatment rendered?
Vital Pulp therapy done with partial pulpotomy using MTA-Angelus sealing material.
p.24
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What are the indications for performing a conventional pulpotomy?
Pulp exposure in a tooth with normal vital pulp, reversible pulpitis, or traumatic exposure without signs of radiographic infection or pathological resorption.
p.24
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What is the goal of pulpotomy in permanent teeth?
To preserve the vitality of the radicular pulp for apexogenesis or to provide relief until root canal therapy is scheduled.
p.37
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What material can also be used for apexogenesis?
MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate).
p.6
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What treatment is required for a soft tissue abscess?
Endodontic therapy or extraction.
p.25
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What is the common goal of Pulpotomy and Pulpectomy in primary teeth?
Preserving the primary tooth for natural space maintenance and to preserve the integrity of unerupted succedaneous teeth.
p.34
Apexogenesis and Apexification
Which teeth are most affected by apexification in children?
Upper deciduous incisors.
p.44
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What was the patient's feedback after a 2-year follow-up?
The patient was pleased with the aesthetic results from the procedure.
p.44
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What sealing material was identified as ideal in the study?
MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate).
What was the diagnosis for the case study?
Crown Trauma with a Pulp Exposure.
p.33
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is apexification used for?
When the tooth is non-vital and pulp regeneration isn’t possible.
p.16
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
When is Indirect Pulp Therapy indicated?
When there is a deep carious lesion close to the pulp but no pulp exposure.
p.21
Goals of Pulp Therapy
What potential risk must be considered during pulp therapy?
Potential for pulp exposure.
p.25
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What is a Pulpotomy indicated for in a primary tooth?
Normal vital pulp, reversible pulpitis, or traumatic exposure with no signs of radiographic infection or pathological resorption.
p.43
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What were the results of the pulpal vitality tests in the upper left incisor?
Positive pulpal vitality tests.
p.43
Radiographic Evaluation in Pediatric Dentistry
What did the radiographs reveal in this case study?
No apical lesion present.
What are common signs of pulp injury in pediatric patients?
Pain, swelling, and sensitivity to temperature changes.
p.1
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What are common methods used in pulpal therapy?
Pulpotomy and pulpectomy.
p.40
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What indicates that the tooth is ready for obturation?
When the tooth is asymptomatic.
p.7
Radiographic Evaluation in Pediatric Dentistry
What must a radiograph show to evaluate the pulpal status of a tooth?
The root apex and furcation.
p.5
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What factors should be considered when evaluating pain intensity?
Location, duration, aggravating and alleviating factors, and timing of pain.
p.20
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is one benefit of Indirect Pulp Therapy?
It preserves tooth structure.
p.19
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
Name a biocompatible material used in Indirect Pulp Therapy.
MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate).
p.15
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
How is the bite test performed in periapical diagnosis?
Using a tooth slooth or wooden end of a cotton tip applicator, place it on the opposing tooth and have the patient bite down slowly and apply firm pressure.
p.15
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What is the purpose of palpation in periapical diagnosis?
To detect soft tissue swelling or bony expansion.
p.3
Classification of Pulp Health Status
How is the health status of pulp tissue classified?
Normal pulp, reversible pulpitis, symptomatic or asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis, or necrotic pulp.
p.32
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What materials are commonly used in both apexogenesis and apexification?
MTA, Calcium Hydroxide, Biodentine.
p.3
Classification of Pulp Health Status
What is necrotic pulp?
Pulp that is no longer vital and cannot heal.
p.45
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What is the focus of the article by Praveen and Jayanthi?
Diagnosis and Management of Pulpal Diseases.
p.38
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What is the primary focus of case studies in pediatric endodontics?
To analyze specific clinical scenarios and outcomes in treating dental pulp issues in children.
p.39
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What caused the bacterial contamination of the pulp in this case?
Deep decay on the distal of tooth S.
p.31
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the goal of Apexification?
To promote apical closure to allow for root canal treatment.
p.31
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What key materials are used in Apexification?
Calcium hydroxide (CaOH) or Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA).
p.2
Classification of Pulp Health Status
What is a key consideration when diagnosing pulp health in children?
The developmental stage of the tooth and the child's overall health.
p.2
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What methods are used to assess pulp vitality in pediatric patients?
Cold tests, electric pulp testing, and clinical symptoms.
p.10
Radiographic Evaluation in Pediatric Dentistry
What can be seen on a radiograph in asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis?
Deep caries extending to the pulp.
p.1
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is the purpose of indirect pulp therapy?
To treat deep caries while preserving the pulp.
p.16
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is the first step in performing Indirect Pulp Therapy?
Remove the carious dentin while leaving a thin layer over the pulp.
p.7
Radiographic Evaluation in Pediatric Dentistry
When are periapical radiographs commonly indicated?
To evaluate periradicular regions of the root canal following caries involvement.
p.30
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What key material is used in Apexogenesis?
MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate).
p.29
Apexogenesis and Apexification
In which scenario is apexogenesis typically performed?
In cases of vital teeth with incomplete root formation.
p.32
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the goal of apexogenesis?
To preserve vitality in an immature tooth.
p.14
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
How should the gutta-percha (GP) be prepared for the Heat Test?
Warm GP in flame and roll into a large ball.
p.3
Classification of Pulp Health Status
What characterizes normal pulp?
Symptom-free and normally responsive to vitality testing.
p.32
Apexogenesis and Apexification
How does root development differ between apexogenesis and apexification?
Root continues to develop over time in apexogenesis; no further root development in apexification.
What are the indications of a tooth with Pulpal Necrosis?
Signs of swelling, abscess/fistula, and discolored tooth.
p.26
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What should happen to teeth with immature roots after Cvek Pulpotomy?
They should show continued normal root development and apexogenesis.
p.45
Radiographic Evaluation in Pediatric Dentistry
What does Harrison's work focus on?
Radiographic Interpretation, Endodontic Testing & Diagnosis.
p.17
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What are the risks associated with Indirect Pulp Therapy?
Unintentional pulp exposure or irreversible pulpitis.
p.27
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What organization provides guidelines for performing a Cvek Pulpotomy?
The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD).
p.41
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What was the status of the erupting tooth during the patient's recall?
The erupting tooth was in good shape.
p.44
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
Why is MTA considered the ideal sealing material?
Due to its great biocompatibility and ability to regenerate tissues when in contact with pulp tissue.
p.10
Classification of Pulp Health Status
What do patients typically report in cases of asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis?
No pain, despite deep caries extending to the pulp.
p.30
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is Apexogenesis?
A procedure to preserve the vitality of the pulp in a tooth with an open apex.
What symptom may patients experience with Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis?
Little to no pain despite the exposed pulp.
p.21
Goals of Pulp Therapy
What is a significant factor for long-term success in pulp therapy?
Long-term success factor.
p.33
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the main consideration when deciding between apexification and apexogenesis?
The vitality of the pulp.
p.30
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the goal of Apexogenesis?
To encourage continued root development and natural closure of the apex.
What does percussion sensitivity indicate?
Acute inflammation of the pulp.
p.23
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
When is a pulpotomy typically indicated?
In cases of pulpitis where the pulp is inflamed but the root pulp is still healthy.
p.8
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is pulpal necrosis?
Death of the pulp tissue.
p.32
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What type of pulp removal is involved in apexogenesis?
Partial or no pulp removal (partial pulpotomy).
p.8
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is symptomatic irreversible pulpitis?
A type of irreversible pulpitis that presents with symptoms.
p.45
Goals of Pulp Therapy
What clinical case is presented by Barata et al.?
Vital pulp therapy in a 9-year-old patient.
p.45
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What topic does Sonia Chopra's blog cover?
Pulpal and Periapical Diagnosis.
p.28
Pulp Vitality Assessment
Why does the 7-year old tooth number 19 have a better prognosis for Cvek Pulpotomy?
Because its root is still developing (immature), making it a good candidate for the procedure.
p.24
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What is conventional pulpotomy?
The removal of the coronal portion of a vital pulp to preserve the vitality of the remaining radicular portion.
p.42
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What should be considered to confirm the condition of the fractured tooth?
Clinical testing needs to be done.
p.33
Apexogenesis and Apexification
When is apexogenesis preferred?
For vital pulp with potential for healing and root development.
p.30
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the purpose of Apexogenesis?
To induce development of the root apex by formation of osteocementum or bone-like tissue.
p.40
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What type of restoration is placed after obturation?
A final composite restoration with flowable resin as the base.
p.29
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is apexogenesis?
Apexogenesis is a procedure that promotes continued root development and apical closure in a tooth with a vital pulp.
p.35
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
How does Calcium Hydroxide affect the filling material in root canals?
It restricts permanent filling material to the root canal.
What does radiolucency at the root apex or furcation indicate?
Evidence of pulpal pathology.
p.36
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What was the age and gender of the patient in the case study?
20-month-old male infant.
p.13
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What does mobility testing assess in periapical diagnosis?
The stability of the tooth.
p.32
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the goal of apexification?
Induce apical barrier formation.
What does a response during palpation indicate?
An active periradicular inflammatory process.
p.8
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis?
A type of irreversible pulpitis that does not present with symptoms.
What is a common symptom of deep caries to the pulp?
Mild tenderness upon palpation; usually no swelling.
p.45
Goals of Pulp Therapy
What is the title of the book by Dean et al.?
McDonald and Avery's Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent-11th ed.
p.43
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What was the second stage of treatment?
Direct restoration using dental composite.
p.4
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What types of exams are performed during the clinical diagnosis?
Extraoral and Intraoral Clinical Exams.
p.16
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is the primary goal of Indirect Pulp Therapy?
To preserve the vitality of the pulp while treating carious lesions.
p.19
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is the first step in the Indirect Pulp Therapy procedure?
Diagnosis and Assessment.
p.11
Pulp Vitality Assessment
How does the tooth respond to vitality tests in Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis?
The tooth may still respond to vitality tests.
What can cause inflammation in the PDL as indicated by percussion?
Trauma, occlusal prematurities, periodontal disease, or extension of pulpal disease into the PDL space.
p.8
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is vital pulp?
Pulp that is healthy and capable of healing.
p.20
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is a significant advantage of Indirect Pulp Therapy regarding root canal therapy?
It avoids or delays the need for root canal therapy.
p.15
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What does +1 mobility indicate?
The first distinguishable sign of movement greater than normal.
p.23
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What is the primary goal of a pulpotomy?
To maintain the vitality of the remaining pulp tissue and preserve the tooth.
What factors can affect the pulp of a tooth?
Caries, traumatic injuries, and other causes.
p.32
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What type of pulp removal is involved in apexification?
Complete pulp removal (root canal).
p.3
Classification of Pulp Health Status
What is symptomatic or asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis?
Vital inflamed pulp that is incapable of healing.
p.32
Apexogenesis and Apexification
How many visits are typically required for apexification?
Multiple visits (if Calcium Hydroxide is used).
p.45
Goals of Pulp Therapy
What does the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry's manual cover?
Pulp therapy for primary and immature permanent teeth.
p.45
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What topic does Dr. Khuong Nguyen's article discuss?
Apexogenesis in pediatric dentistry.
p.1
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is the significance of pulp vitality assessment?
To determine the health status of the dental pulp.
p.10
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is the response of the tooth during vitality testing in asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis?
No pain, but the tooth can still feel temperature.
p.5
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What is the importance of evaluating dental history in pediatric patients?
It helps in understanding the chief complaint through subjective evaluation.
p.7
Radiographic Evaluation in Pediatric Dentistry
What role do radiographs play in primary dentition?
They are vital for diagnosing oral conditions such as intrusion, lateral luxation, fractures, and cysts.
p.19
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What follows tooth preparation in the Indirect Pulp Therapy procedure?
Application of protective liner.
p.21
Goals of Pulp Therapy
What aspect of patient management is crucial for effective pulp therapy?
Patient compliance and follow-up.
What does tooth mobility indicate in pediatric patients?
Physiologic exfoliation of primary tooth or chronic pulpal pathology.
p.13
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What is the purpose of palpation in periapical diagnosis?
To detect tenderness or swelling.
p.30
Apexogenesis and Apexification
How does MTA contribute to Apexogenesis?
It stimulates the growth of dentin.
p.13
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What does bite testing assess in periapical diagnosis?
To evaluate pain during occlusion.
p.20
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
How does Indirect Pulp Therapy affect patient comfort?
It results in minimal patient discomfort.
p.8
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What causes irreversible pulpitis?
Caries that have penetrated the dentin and reached the pulp chamber, severe trauma, and prolonged injury.
p.9
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What indicates a tooth is Non-Vital?
No response to cold/heat and tenderness to percussion.
p.14
Pulp Vitality Assessment
How does Transmitted-Light Photoplethysmography work?
It transmits a light beam through the crown of the tooth, with the signal picked up on the other side by an optical fiber and photocell.
What characterizes the growth in Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis?
Overgrowth of granulation tissue that grows occlusally through the gingival margin of the cavity.
What is a potential risk associated with facial swelling?
Spread of bacterial infection.
p.35
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
How does MTA Plug contribute to treatment outcomes?
It provides more predictable barrier formation.
p.33
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the significance of both apexification and apexogenesis?
Both are crucial for saving immature teeth.
p.35
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What does Calcium Hydroxide help avoid during treatment?
Dispersion to the periapex.
p.35
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is the overall impact of Calcium Hydroxide on pulp therapy success?
It increases the chances of a successful pulp therapy.
p.20
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is the success rate of Indirect Pulp Therapy?
It has a high success rate and longevity.
p.15
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What does +3 mobility indicate?
Horizontal tooth movement greater than 1 mm, with or without visualization of rotation or vertical depressibility.
p.23
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
How does a pulpotomy differ from a pulpectomy?
A pulpotomy removes only the coronal pulp, while a pulpectomy involves the removal of the entire pulp tissue.
p.9
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What are the vitality test results for a tooth with Reversible Pulpitis?
Possible response to cold/heat.
p.14
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is the purpose of the Electric Pulp Test?
To assess the vitality of the pulp.
p.30
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What are the indications for Apexogenesis?
Vital but inflamed pulp in teeth that have suffered trauma or caries.
p.13
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What method uses light transmission to assess pulp health?
Transmitted-Light Photoplethysmography.
p.11
Radiographic Evaluation in Pediatric Dentistry
What do radiographs show in cases of Chronic Hyperplastic Pulpitis?
Large carious lesions; may not show significant periapical pathology at early stages.
p.29
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the primary goal of apexification?
To establish a hard tissue barrier at the root apex in non-vital teeth.
What does nighttime pain indicate in a pediatric dental patient?
It may suggest pulp injury or damage.
p.8
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is non-vital pulp?
Pulp that is dead or incapable of healing.
p.36
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
What dental issue was observed in the infant's central incisors?
Caries and incomplete root formation.
What clinical signs indicate Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis?
Severe spontaneous, lingering, throbbing pain that occurs at night.
p.8
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What are some causes of reversible pulpitis?
Caries that have not penetrated the pulp and minor or early trauma.
p.9
Radiographic Evaluation in Pediatric Dentistry
What radiographic findings are associated with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis?
Periapical radiolucency and widened PDL space.
p.8
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is chronic hyperplastic pulpitis?
A form of irreversible pulpitis characterized by the presence of granulation tissue.
p.26
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is Cvek Pulpotomy?
The removal of a small portion of the vital coronal pulp to preserve the remaining coronal and radicular pulp tissues.
p.45
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What does Shabahang's article cover?
Treatment options: Apexogenesis and apexification.
p.16
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What materials are commonly used in Indirect Pulp Therapy?
Calcium hydroxide, glass ionomer, or resin-modified glass ionomer.
p.29
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is apexification?
Apexification is a dental procedure aimed at creating a barrier at the apex of an immature tooth with a necrotic pulp.
p.35
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is a benefit of using Calcium Hydroxide in treating immature deciduous teeth?
It allows for the apical closure of immature deciduous teeth.
p.16
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is the expected outcome of successful Indirect Pulp Therapy?
Formation of secondary dentin and continued pulp vitality.
What are signs of injured or damaged pulp in pediatric patients?
Constant or unexplained pain, nighttime pain, sensitivity to hot or cold, and swelling around affected teeth.
p.29
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the primary goal of apexogenesis?
To allow for continued root development in teeth with vital pulp.
p.6
Pulp Vitality Assessment
Why are electric and thermal pulp testing unreliable in primary teeth?
Due to the unique characteristics of primary teeth.
p.23
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What materials are commonly used to fill the cavity after a pulpotomy?
Calcium hydroxide or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).
What is the primary goal of pulp therapy?
To maintain the integrity and health of the teeth and their supporting tissues while preserving the vitality of the pulp.
What is a common finding in Pulpal Necrosis?
Intense pain that lingers and tenderness on percussion.
p.14
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What should be used for the Cold Test instead of a cotton tip applicator?
A cotton pellet, saturated until crystals are visible.
p.14
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is the procedure for using a Laser Doppler Flowmeter?
Place the probe, emit the laser beam, detect reflected light, convert it to an electrical signal, and measure the flow.
p.14
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is the initial step for the Electric Pulp Test?
Isolate and dry the tooth.
p.45
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What treatment option is discussed by Pimentel Winz Almeida et al.?
Apexification of Primary Teeth.
p.33
Apexogenesis and Apexification
Why is maintaining pulp vitality important in younger patients?
It is crucial for their dental health and potential for healing.
p.36
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is apexogenesis in children primarily due to?
Children’s adult teeth not developing properly.
p.15
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What is the purpose of percussion in periapical diagnosis?
To indicate inflammation in the periodontal ligament (PDL).
p.20
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
How does Indirect Pulp Therapy affect healing?
It promotes healing and dentin formation.
p.7
Radiographic Evaluation in Pediatric Dentistry
Can the depth of caries be precisely measured from a radiograph?
No, it cannot be precisely measured.
p.29
Apexogenesis and Apexification
In which scenario is apexification typically performed?
In cases of non-vital teeth with incomplete root formation.
What are the symptoms of Reversible Pulpitis?
Mild pain provoked by stimuli, short sharp pain that subsides quickly.
p.14
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What is the first step in the Heat Test for pulpal diagnosis?
Coat teeth with petroleum jelly.
p.15
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What should be explained to the patient before palpation?
What you will be doing during the procedure.
p.9
Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What are the signs of decay in a clinical exam?
Possible signs of caries and no significant swelling.
p.26
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What is the primary goal of Cvek Pulpotomy?
To ensure the remaining pulp is vital after the procedure with no adverse clinical effects.
p.45
Apexogenesis and Apexification
What is the subject of the study by Anjum et al.?
Prognosis of non-vital incisors after apexification using bioceramics.
p.45
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is the focus of the article by Shah et al.?
Pulp therapy and root canal treatment techniques in immature permanent teeth.
p.36
Apexogenesis and Apexification
How does the dental pulp in children compare to that in adults?
It is more cellular and able to recover from injuries better.
p.16
Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What follow-up is necessary after Indirect Pulp Therapy?
Regular clinical and radiographic evaluations to monitor pulp health.
p.23
Pulpotomy vs Pulpectomy
What is a pulpotomy?
A dental procedure that involves the removal of the coronal portion of the pulp.
Why is it important to assess sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures?
It can indicate pulp health status.
p.8
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is reversible pulpitis?
Mild inflammation of the pulp with the ability to heal if the cause is addressed.
p.8
Pulp Vitality Assessment
What is irreversible pulpitis?
Severe inflammation and damage of the pulp that cannot heal.
p.36
Case Studies in Pediatric Endodontics
How long after treatment was the clinical view noted?
2 months after completed treatment.
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Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What is the maximum duration for the Cold Test?
No more than 7 seconds or until the patient feels cold sensation.
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Classification of Pulp Health Status
What does reversible pulpitis indicate?
The pulp is capable of healing.
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Apexogenesis and Apexification
How many visits are typically required for apexogenesis?
Usually one visit, with a follow-up.
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Indirect Pulp Therapy Procedures
What are the indications for Cvek Pulpotomy?
A young, developing permanent tooth with a vital pulp or a traumatically exposed pulp with an incompletely formed apex.
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Clinical Diagnosis Methods
What is the focus of the article by Al Domyati et al.?
Pediatric Dental Radiography: Safety, Techniques and diagnostic applications.