p.57
Somatosensory Assessments
What is proprioception?
A combination of muscles, joints, and skin receptors that help in sensing joint position.
p.1
Importance of Hand Function
What is the focus of OT foundations in human performance?
Hand functions and somatosensory assessments.
p.18
Grasp Patterns and Development
What is a Power Grasp?
A type of grasp that involves the palm and fingers, used for heavy or large-sized objects.
p.18
Grasp Patterns and Development
What are the types of Power Grasp?
Ball grip, cylindrical grip, and hook grip.
p.57
Somatosensory Assessments
How can proprioception be tested?
By matching the joint position with another limb, such as in a palm test.
p.61
Somatosensory Assessments
Which somatosensory assessment test correlates with hand function?
Two-point discrimination.
p.61
Somatosensory Assessments
Who conducted the study that highlighted the limitations of somatosensory assessments?
Moberg, cited in Pedretti (1996).
p.49
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the purpose of a two-point anesthesiometer?
To measure two-point discrimination.
p.49
Somatosensory Assessments
What type of instrument is used for two-point discrimination testing?
Two-point anesthesiometer.
p.44
Somatosensory Assessments
Where are Ruffini's end organs located?
In the deeper layers of the skin.
p.60
Stereognosis and Its Role in Hand Function
What is stereognosis?
The ability to recognize the nature and form of objects without vision.
p.60
Stereognosis and Its Role in Hand Function
What influences the ability to perform stereognosis?
Past sensory experience and prior knowledge of objects.
p.45
Somatosensory Assessments
What does the Weinstein Enhanced Sensory test measure?
Touch threshold and pressure sensitivity.
p.69
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What is a characteristic of skin texture in trophic changes?
Soft and smooth skin due to less prominent papillary ridges.
p.15
Bilateral Integration and Coordination
What skills are refined alongside bilateral coordination?
Reach, grasp, release, and in-hand manipulation.
p.5
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the definition of somatosensation?
Sensations we receive from skin (cutaneous sensations) and from musculoskeletal structures (e.g., joints, tendons).
p.64
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What is the Hole Peg Test used for?
To assess fine motor skills and hand function.
p.54
Somatosensory Assessments
What is conscious proprioception?
The awareness of body position and movement.
p.13
Development of Hand Function
At what age does voluntary release typically emerge?
Around 7 to 9 months old.
p.16
Development of Hand Function
What skills are involved in the development of eye-hand coordination?
Skills involving one or both hands.
p.65
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What is a key feature of the Purdue Pegboard test?
It involves placing pegs into holes on a board in a timed manner.
p.35
Somatosensory Assessments
What are thermoreceptors?
Sensory receptors located in the skin and hypothalamus that detect temperature changes.
p.59
Stereognosis and Its Role in Hand Function
What does texture discrimination involve?
The ability to identify and differentiate textures through touch.
p.21
Stereognosis and Its Role in Hand Function
What is stereognosis?
The ability to recognize the nature and form of objects without vision.
p.21
Stereognosis and Its Role in Hand Function
What sensations are required for stereognosis?
Intact tactile, proprioceptive, and kinesthetic sensation.
p.2
Development of Hand Function
What does the development of hand function involve?
It involves the progression of skills and abilities related to hand use over time.
p.10
Grasp Patterns and Development
What type of grasp is observed at 36 weeks?
Radial-digital grasp with thumb opposition.
p.63
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What do hand function assessments provide information about?
How sensori-motor impairments affect the use of hands in functional activities.
p.65
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What skills does the Purdue Pegboard evaluate?
It evaluates both gross and fine motor skills, as well as hand-eye coordination.
p.5
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the role of the somatosensory cortex in relation to the hands?
It is assigned to our hands.
p.59
Stereognosis and Its Role in Hand Function
Why is texture discrimination important?
It helps in recognizing objects and enhancing fine motor skills.
p.15
Bilateral Integration and Coordination
Can you name a daily activity that requires bilateral hand coordination?
Activities like tying shoelaces or using scissors.
p.36
Somatosensory Assessments
How is the temperature probe prepared for use?
By inserting it into the thermal cup until it reaches the desired temperature.
p.64
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
Who can benefit from the Hole Peg Test?
Individuals undergoing rehabilitation or assessment for hand function.
p.62
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
Why is it important to assess hand function in children?
To identify developmental delays and plan appropriate interventions.
p.50
Somatosensory Assessments
What does a blue monofilament result (3.61) indicate?
Diminished light touch sensation.
p.67
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
How does the Jebsen Hand Function Test measure performance?
By timing how long it takes to complete various hand tasks.
p.56
Somatosensory Assessments
What joints are typically tested for proprioception?
Fingers, wrist, elbow, knee, and ankle.
p.46
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What sensation is associated with the purple filament (4.31 N)?
Protective sensation with recognition of objects and painful stimuli, but difficulty manipulating objects.
p.32
Somatosensory Assessments
How can somatosensory assessments be conducted?
Using tools like monofilaments, tuning forks, and temperature probes.
p.4
Importance of Hand Function
Why is tool/object manipulation important?
It is required for daily functioning.
p.57
Somatosensory Assessments
What does proprioception help you do with your joints?
Move the joint and stop, as well as report the joint position.
p.65
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What is the Purdue Pegboard used for?
It is used to assess fine motor skills and dexterity.
p.36
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the purpose of the thermal cup in temperature discrimination?
To hold the temperature probes and reach the desired temperature.
p.31
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What is a visible sign of vasomotor function impairment in the hands?
The hands may appear bluish and mottled.
p.2
Importance of Hand Function
What is the importance of hand function?
Hand function is crucial for daily activities and overall quality of life.
p.10
Grasp Patterns and Development
What grasp occurs at 32 weeks of development?
Scissors grasp with stronger thumb adduction.
p.28
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What is the focus of the '聞' component in client assessment?
Listen to complaints from the client.
p.8
Development of Hand Function
What characterizes reaching in newborns?
Random and asymmetrical movements.
p.8
Development of Hand Function
When does unilateral reaching begin?
When mid-line orientation and dissociation of two body sides are present.
p.54
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the significance of joint movement in proprioception?
It provides feedback about the position and motion of joints.
p.17
Grasp Patterns and Development
What functions do hand grasps allow us to perform?
Hold, carry, thread, and pinch an object.
p.23
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
How does arthritis affect hand function?
It causes pain, stiffness, and swelling in the joints, limiting movement.
p.51
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What are common methods used to evaluate nerve recovery?
Sensory testing, motor function assessment, and electrophysiological studies.
p.12
Grasp Patterns and Development
What joints are involved in controlling pencil movements in a dynamic tripod grip?
CMC joints, MCP joints, and IP joints.
p.56
Somatosensory Assessments
What does proprioception involve?
A combination of muscles, joints, and skin receptors.
p.58
Somatosensory Assessments
What does conscious proprioception refer to?
The awareness of body position and movement.
p.27
Importance of Hand Function
How can hand assessment impact treatment planning?
It provides baseline data to measure progress and adjust interventions.
p.6
Somatosensory Assessments
What type of mechanoreceptor is Merkel’s corpuscle?
Slowly adapting mechanoreceptor for touch and pressure.
What are trophic changes?
Changes in the nutrition and health of tissues, often leading to atrophy.
p.50
Somatosensory Assessments
What does a red monofilament result (4.56) indicate?
Loss of protective sensation.
p.47
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the significance of using different thickness filaments in the Semmes-Weinstein test?
They represent different touch thresholds for assessing sensory function.
p.13
In-Hand Manipulation Skills
What does voluntary release depend on?
Control of arm and finger movements.
p.18
Grasp Patterns and Development
When is a Power Grasp mostly used?
When handling heavy and/or large-sized objects.
p.1
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What role does Ms. Josephine Wong hold?
Associate Professor of Practice.
p.35
Somatosensory Assessments
What types of receptors are involved in temperature sensation?
Cold receptors and warm receptors.
p.14
In-Hand Manipulation Skills
What is in-hand manipulation?
The process of adjusting objects within the hand after grasping.
p.36
Somatosensory Assessments
What equipment is used for temperature discrimination assessment?
A kit with a thermal cup and two metal temperature probes.
p.67
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What is the Jebsen Hand Function Test used for?
To assess hand function and dexterity.
p.27
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What are common methods used in hand assessment?
Observation, standardized tests, and functional assessments.
p.38
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What types of damage do nociceptors detect?
Pain caused by physical or chemical damage to the skin.
p.67
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What types of tasks are included in the Jebsen Hand Function Test?
Tasks such as writing, card turning, and picking up small objects.
p.11
Grasp Patterns and Development
What is the significance of digital-pronate grasp?
It indicates a developmental stage in pencil grip at 2-3 years.
p.58
Somatosensory Assessments
What is discriminative touch?
The ability to perceive and differentiate between different types of tactile stimuli.
p.43
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
How many categories are in the ASIS Impairment Scale?
There are five categories, ranging from A to E.
p.32
Somatosensory Assessments
Why is somatosensory assessment important?
It helps identify sensory deficits and guides rehabilitation strategies.
What happens to thenar muscles in trophic changes?
There is atrophy of thenar muscles.
p.50
Somatosensory Assessments
What does a purple monofilament result (4.31) indicate?
Diminished protective sensation.
p.66
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
How is performance measured in the Moberg Pick-up Test?
By timing how quickly a person can pick up and place the objects.
p.41
Somatosensory Assessments
What type of information do Meissner’s corpuscles provide?
Precise information of touch.
p.6
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the role of Ruffini corpuscles?
They are slowly adapting mechanoreceptors that respond to skin stretch.
p.55
Somatosensory Assessments
What should the patient be asked during the vibration test?
Whether they feel the vibration or the difference between affected and unaffected hand.
p.36
Somatosensory Assessments
What are the two types of temperature discrimination mentioned?
Hot and cold discrimination.
p.49
Somatosensory Assessments
What does a discriminator do in the context of two-point discrimination?
It helps determine the ability to distinguish between two points of stimulation.
p.17
Types of Hand Movements
What are non-prehensile movements?
Pushing or lifting objects using fingers and/or the entire hand.
p.53
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
When is Tinel's sign considered not positive?
When the unpleasant sensation travels proximally from the tapping site.
p.14
In-Hand Manipulation Skills
What does 'shift' refer to in in-hand manipulation?
Movement of an object on the surface or among the fingers.
p.52
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
How do you conduct the Tinel's Sign test?
Tap gently along the course of the nerve, starting distally and moving towards the nerve suture.
p.28
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What does the '切' component involve?
Palpation and measurement, such as ROM and MMT, along with hand assessments.
p.66
In-Hand Manipulation Skills
What does the Moberg Pick-up Test measure specifically?
The ability to pick up and manipulate small objects.
p.14
In-Hand Manipulation Skills
Define 'translation' in in-hand manipulation.
Movement of an object from fingers to palm or palm to fingers.
p.32
Somatosensory Assessments
What is somatosensory assessment?
A method used to evaluate the sensory functions of the body, particularly touch, pain, temperature, and proprioception.
p.27
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What aspects of hand function are typically assessed?
Strength, range of motion, dexterity, and coordination.
p.62
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What factors can influence hand function assessments?
Age, physical condition, and cognitive abilities.
p.48
Somatosensory Assessments
How do receptive field sizes vary?
They vary dramatically in different regions of the skin.
p.48
Somatosensory Assessments
What are the two types of two-point discrimination?
Static and moving two-point discrimination.
p.12
Grasp Patterns and Development
What stabilizes the pencil grip in a dynamic tripod grip?
Shoulder, elbow, forearm, and wrist.
p.50
Somatosensory Assessments
What do the red-orange and red-lined monofilament results (6.5mm) indicate?
Significant loss of protective sensation.
p.46
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What does the red-orange filament (6.65 N) represent?
Loss of all sensation except deep pressure, unable to identify objects without visual guidance.
p.46
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What does a reading of 6.65 N indicate regarding hand function?
No response to stimuli; unable to identify objects, temperature, and pain, with minimal hand use despite intact motor function.
p.22
Stereognosis and Its Role in Hand Function
What is stereognosis?
The ability to perceive and recognize objects by touch.
p.60
Stereognosis and Its Role in Hand Function
What types of cues are required for stereognosis?
Tactile, proprioceptive, and kinesthetic cues.
p.1
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
Who are the contributors to the OT foundations in human performance?
Dr. Jenny Chung and Ms. Rebecca Wong.
p.5
Importance of Hand Function
Why is intact somatosensation important for hand function?
It allows our hand to perform tasks that require precision and accuracy.
p.25
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What does 'circumscribed areas' refer to in the context of peripheral nerve injuries?
Specific areas innervated by the injured peripheral nerve.
p.28
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What questions are asked in the '問' component?
Inquire about pain and whether it is resting or movement induced, and its effect on ADL performance.
p.21
Stereognosis and Its Role in Hand Function
What happens to hand function without stereognosis?
Hand function may be impaired due to inability to recognize objects by touch.
p.50
Somatosensory Assessments
What are two examples of sensibility testing mentioned?
Light touch and two-point discrimination (2PD).
p.54
Somatosensory Assessments
How does joint position relate to proprioception?
It helps in understanding the static position of joints in space.
p.17
Grasp Patterns and Development
What are the two types of hand grasps?
Power grasp and precision grasp.
p.23
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What impact does a stroke have on hand function?
It can lead to weakness or paralysis in one hand, affecting coordination and strength.
p.41
Somatosensory Assessments
What are Meissner’s corpuscles sensitive to?
Movement of light objects over the skin surface and low-frequency vibration.
p.22
Importance of Hand Function
What is the first prerequisite of hand functions?
Intact musculo-skeletal functions.
p.32
Somatosensory Assessments
What types of stimuli are typically tested in somatosensory assessments?
Touch, pain, temperature, and vibration.
p.43
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What does Category E in the ASIS Impairment Scale indicate?
Normal sensory and motor function.
p.6
Somatosensory Assessments
What are free nerve endings?
Slowly adapting receptors that can be nociceptors, thermoreceptors, or mechanoreceptors.
p.33
Somatosensory Assessments
What tool is commonly used to assess temperature sensation?
Hot/cold discrimination kit.
p.32
Somatosensory Assessments
What role does proprioception play in somatosensory assessment?
It assesses the body's ability to sense its position and movement in space.
p.29
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What types of grip strength are measured in physical assessments?
Power grip and pincer grip.
p.47
Somatosensory Assessments
What does a set of 5 filaments represent in the context of the Semmes-Weinstein test?
Each filament represents a functional recovery level.
p.19
Grasp Patterns and Development
What are the types of precision grasp?
Tip-to-tip, pad-to-pad, lateral pinch, three-finger chuck, and tripod grip.
p.4
Importance of Hand Function
What is one significance of interacting with the physical environment?
It allows for play and exploration.
p.45
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the purpose of Semmes-Weinstein Monofilaments?
To assess touch threshold and pressure sensitivity.
p.61
Somatosensory Assessments
What types of sensory tests do not correlate with hand function?
Tests of touch, pain, temperature, and vibration.
p.69
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What does chronic trophic change in skin texture lead to?
Dry, shiny, and inelastic skin.
p.28
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What does the component '望' refer to in assessment?
Look for edema, redness, bruising, and X-ray results.
p.52
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What does Tinel's Sign assess?
The rate of nerve recovery.
p.44
Somatosensory Assessments
Can pressure sensation be intact if touch sensation is impaired?
Yes, because of the different locations of respective receptors.
p.59
Stereognosis and Its Role in Hand Function
What sensory system is primarily involved in texture discrimination?
The somatosensory system.
p.31
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What are trophic changes in relation to hand function?
Changes that occur due to impaired nerve function affecting skin and tissue health.
p.2
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What is a key aspect of clinical assessment of hand function?
Evaluating the range of motion, strength, and coordination of the hands.
What is atrophy of finger pads?
A reduction in size or wasting away of the finger pads.
p.51
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What is the primary focus of nerve recovery examination?
To assess the extent of nerve regeneration and functional recovery.
p.43
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What is the purpose of the ASIS Impairment Scale?
To classify the severity of spinal cord injuries.
p.66
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
Who can benefit from the Moberg Pick-up Test?
Individuals with hand function impairments, such as those recovering from injury or surgery.
p.48
Somatosensory Assessments
What does two-point discrimination measure?
The sensitivity of overlapping receptive fields on the body surface.
p.23
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
In what way does cerebral palsy affect hand function?
It can result in muscle tightness and coordination issues, impacting fine motor skills.
p.51
Somatosensory Assessments
What role does sensory testing play in nerve recovery examination?
It evaluates the return of sensation in the affected area.
p.58
Somatosensory Assessments
How does discriminative touch differ from other types of touch?
It involves the ability to identify the location, intensity, and quality of a stimulus.
p.22
Importance of Hand Function
What are the components of intact musculo-skeletal functions?
Adequate muscle strength, muscle tone, range of movement, and good motor control.
p.29
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What does physical assessment of hand function include?
Range of motion, strength of power and pincer grip, measurement of edema, and joint deformity.
p.46
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What does the red filament (4.56 N) indicate?
Loss of protective sensation with significant impairment in perception of pain, temperature, and stereognosis.
p.47
Somatosensory Assessments
How many color-coded monofilaments are typically used in the Semmes-Weinstein test?
20 color-coded monofilaments.
p.47
Somatosensory Assessments
What force range do the monofilaments in the Semmes-Weinstein test cover?
From 4.5 mg to 447 gm force.
p.29
Somatosensory Assessments
What does the test of proprioception assess?
The body's ability to sense its position and movement.
p.44
Somatosensory Assessments
What are Ruffini's end organs responsible for detecting?
Pressure, constant touch, and sensitivity to skin distortion.
p.53
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What indicates a positive Tinel's sign?
An unpleasant sensation (hyperparesthesias or paresthesia) felt at the tapping site.
p.15
Bilateral Integration and Coordination
What is the significance of bilateral integration in child development?
It is essential for performing tasks that require both hands working together.
p.17
Types of Hand Movements
What are the two types of hand movements?
Non-prehensile movements and prehensile movements.
p.53
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What is another indication of a positive Tinel's sign?
Unpleasant sensation radiates to areas that are distal to the tapped area.
p.35
Somatosensory Assessments
How do thermoreceptors adapt to stimuli?
They are slow-adapting receptors.
p.38
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What are nociceptors?
Free nerve endings that detect pain.
p.3
Importance of Hand Function
What is one primary function of our hands?
To perform a variety of actions such as grasping, holding, and manipulating objects.
p.38
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
Where are nociceptors located?
In all parts of the body.
p.23
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What are clinical conditions that can lead to impaired hand functions?
Conditions such as arthritis, stroke, and cerebral palsy.
p.11
Grasp Patterns and Development
What is the grasp type for children aged 1-1.5 years?
Palmar grasp with poor wrist control.
p.8
Development of Hand Function
What happens to arm placement and finger extension as reaching develops?
There is a gradual refinement for accuracy.
p.40
Somatosensory Assessments
What does '2-point discrimination' refer to?
The ability to distinguish two separate points of touch.
p.6
Somatosensory Assessments
What type of mechanoreceptor is Meissner’s corpuscle?
Rapidly adapting mechanoreceptor for touch and pressure.
What does increased hair growth indicate?
It may indicate trophic changes or increased rate of hair loss.
p.6
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the function of Pacinian corpuscles?
They are rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors.
p.66
Types of Hand Movements
What type of objects are typically used in the Moberg Pick-up Test?
Small, everyday items like coins or pegs.
p.56
Somatosensory Assessments
What do patients report during proprioception tests?
Whether the joint is bending or straightening during movement.
p.22
Somatosensory Assessments
What types of sensations are included in somatosensations?
Cutaneous sensation, proprioception, and stereognosis.
p.47
Somatosensory Assessments
When is the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test typically used?
As the first test to detect gradual changes in nerve function in compression syndromes.
p.65
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
Who can benefit from the Purdue Pegboard assessment?
Individuals recovering from hand injuries, neurological conditions, or those needing occupational therapy.
p.34
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the role of protective sensibility?
To prevent injury by detecting harmful stimuli.
p.25
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What are the effects of an injury to the Peripheral Nerve System?
Presence of motor and somatosensory deficits in circumscribed areas innervated by specific peripheral nerve.
p.31
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What happens to the gooseflesh response when sympathetic innervation is interrupted?
There is a loss of the gooseflesh response.
p.64
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What does the Hole Peg Test measure?
The ability to place and remove pegs from holes.
p.54
Somatosensory Assessments
What does deep vibration refer to in the context of proprioception?
A sensory input that helps in the perception of deep tissue vibrations.
p.64
Types of Hand Movements
What skills are evaluated in the Hole Peg Test?
Dexterity, coordination, and speed of hand movements.
p.66
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What is the Moberg Pick-up Test used for?
To assess hand function and dexterity.
p.62
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What are some common methods used in hand function assessments?
Standardized tests, observational assessments, and functional task performance.
p.3
Importance of Hand Function
How do hands contribute to daily activities?
They enable tasks like writing, eating, and using tools.
p.67
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
Who can benefit from the Jebsen Hand Function Test?
Individuals with hand function impairments, including those recovering from injury or surgery.
p.29
Somatosensory Assessments
What is assessed in sensory assessments of hand function?
Nerve recovery, protective sensations, tactile sensations, proprioception, and daily functioning.
p.67
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
Is the Jebsen Hand Function Test standardized?
Yes, it is a standardized assessment tool.
p.22
Somatosensory Assessments
What does proprioception refer to?
Sensations perceived by joints, tendons, and ligaments.
p.25
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What types of deficits are observed in peripheral nerve injuries?
Motor and somatosensory deficits.
p.26
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
How do somatosensory impairments manifest in brain injuries?
They are more diffused and affect generalized areas.
p.27
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What is the primary purpose of hand assessment?
To evaluate hand function and identify any impairments.
p.62
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What is the primary purpose of hand function assessments?
To evaluate the ability of an individual to use their hands effectively in daily activities.
p.43
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What does ASIS stand for?
ASIS stands for the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale.
p.27
Importance of Hand Function
Why is it important to assess hand function?
To develop appropriate interventions and improve daily living skills.
p.33
Somatosensory Assessments
What are the two types of touch sensation assessed in somatosensory assessments?
Moving touch and constant touch.
p.47
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the purpose of the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test?
To assess touch threshold and monitor sensibility following nerve repair.
p.46
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What does the blue filament (3.61 N) signify?
Good light touch, stereognosis, and perception of temperature and pain, close to normal use of hand.
p.51
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
How can motor function assessment contribute to nerve recovery evaluation?
It measures the strength and coordination of movements in the affected limb.
p.37
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the purpose of comparing the temperature of two probes?
To assess temperature discrimination.
p.33
Somatosensory Assessments
Which tool is used for assessing light touch sensitivity?
Semmes Weinstein monofilament.
p.14
In-Hand Manipulation Skills
What are the three components of in-hand manipulation?
Shift, rotation, and translation.
p.21
Stereognosis and Its Role in Hand Function
How does past sensory experience affect stereognosis?
It provides prior knowledge of objects necessary for recognition.
p.14
In-Hand Manipulation Skills
What is meant by 'rotation' in the context of in-hand manipulation?
Movement of an object around its axis using the fingers.
p.2
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What is the purpose of practicing particular skills in a tutorial?
To enhance proficiency in assessing and improving hand function.
What are the characteristics of slow nail growth?
Nails grow slowly and may become harder.
p.37
Somatosensory Assessments
How should the temperature probe be used?
Put the probe in contact with the skin.
p.51
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
Why is early assessment important in nerve recovery?
It helps in determining the prognosis and guiding rehabilitation strategies.
p.43
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What does Category A in the ASIS Impairment Scale indicate?
Complete impairment with no sensory or motor function preserved.
p.62
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
How can hand function assessments aid in rehabilitation?
By providing baseline data to track progress and effectiveness of interventions.
p.23
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What is a common symptom of conditions affecting hand function?
Reduced grip strength and dexterity.
p.9
Grasp Patterns and Development
What is the significance of the Erhardt Developmental Prehension Assessment?
It provides a framework for understanding grasp development.
p.6
Somatosensory Assessments
How does each type of receptor respond?
Each type of receptor responds best to a specific stimulus.
p.29
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
Why is the measurement of edema important in hand function assessments?
To evaluate swelling that may affect hand function.
p.19
Grasp Patterns and Development
What is a precision grasp?
A type of grasp where only fingers are involved.
p.3
Types of Hand Movements
What types of movements can our hands perform?
Fine motor movements, gross motor movements, and in-hand manipulation.
p.56
Somatosensory Assessments
What is proprioception?
The unconscious reception of information about joint position and motion from receptors in muscles, joints, ligaments, and bones.
p.8
Development of Hand Function
What is the significance of mid-line orientation in reaching?
It allows for the development of unilateral reaching.
p.3
Importance of Hand Function
What is the significance of hand function in communication?
Hands are used for gestures and sign language, enhancing non-verbal communication.
p.40
Somatosensory Assessments
What aspects are involved in touch and pressure sensations?
Discrimination and threshold.
p.47
Somatosensory Assessments
What does the hand grid pattern document in hand assessments?
It helps in monitoring sensibility and detecting changes in nerve function.
p.58
Somatosensory Assessments
Why is conscious proprioception important?
It helps in coordinating movements and maintaining balance.
p.56
Somatosensory Assessments
What is kinesthesia?
The conscious sense of motion.
p.37
Somatosensory Assessments
What is meant by 'threshold' in temperature discrimination?
The point at which a temperature change is perceived.
p.22
Somatosensory Assessments
What does cutaneous sensation refer to?
Sensations perceived by the skin.
p.43
Clinical Conditions Affecting Hand Function
What is the significance of the ASIS Impairment Scale in rehabilitation?
It helps guide treatment and rehabilitation strategies based on the level of impairment.
p.58
Somatosensory Assessments
What types of receptors are involved in discriminative touch?
Mechanoreceptors, such as Merkel cells and Meissner's corpuscles.
p.58
Somatosensory Assessments
What role do proprioceptors play in conscious proprioception?
They provide information about muscle stretch and joint position.
p.29
Hand Function Assessment Techniques
What aspects are evaluated in motor control assessments?
Tone, alignment, and quality of movement in daily functioning.
p.55
Somatosensory Assessments
What technique is used to compare vibration sensation between hands?
Alternate vibrating with a non-vibrating fork.
p.19
Grasp Patterns and Development
What is the primary use of a precision grasp?
To manipulate tools or objects of small size.
p.41
Somatosensory Assessments
What is the role of tactile receptors in the skin?
To detect various forms of touch and pressure.
