At the age of 1.5 to 2 years.
The occipital bone from the two parietal bones.
The frontal bone from the two parietal bones.
The zygomatic bone.
Skull vault or roof.
Fibrous joint.
The most convex point of the skull vault (calvaria) near the midpoint of the sagittal suture, between the bregma and lambda.
The temporal region.
Emissary veins.
It allows the passage of nerves and vessels (N.&Vs).
Posteriorly.
The most prominent part of the parietal bone and the site of the ossification center of the parietal bone.
The point of meeting of the coronal with the sagittal sutures.
Anteriorly.
Laterally.
Frontal, nasal, maxillary, and zygomatic bones.
The top part of the skull and the upper part of the neurocranium.
The anterior fontanelle.
Two orbital cavities and a nasal cavity.
Frontal bone, left and right parietal bones, and squamous part of the occipital bone.
On each side of the sagittal suture.
A feature of the maxilla that corresponds to the position of the canine tooth.
Vomer and inferior nasal concha.
The two parietal bones.
The point of meeting of the lambdoid with the sagittal sutures.
At the age of 4 to 6 months.
The sockets of the upper teeth.
A depression in the maxilla located below the infraorbital foramen and above the canine tooth.
Central and lateral incisor teeth.
It is located on the external surface of the occipital bone, running horizontally from the external occipital protuberance.
The posterior fontanelle.
The lambdoid and sagittal sutures.
Frontal process and temporal process.
The orbit contains the lacrimal fossa and groove.
A projection of the maxilla at the lower margin of the nasal cavity.
It forms a synovial ellipsoid joint with the first cervical vertebra (atlas), enabling nodding movements of the head.
The coronal and sagittal sutures.
Five processes.
It contains the sockets for the upper teeth.
The ridge above the eye socket, where the eyebrows are located.
A small pyramidal space deep to the pterygomaxillary fissure.
Lambdoid suture.
It articulates with the frontal bone.
It is located on the external surface of the occipital bone, below the superior nuchal line.
The union of the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone at the zygomaticotemporal suture.
Between the two maxillary bones.
Two small bones that form the nasal bridge.
The prominence of the cheek.
It is the uppermost of the three nuchal lines on the external surface of the occipital bone.
It forms the upper jaw and contains the maxillary air sinus.
It forms the anterior two-thirds of the hard palate.
An air-filled cavity within the frontal bone.
Two parietal bones, occipital bone, and the mastoid part of the temporal bone.
The frontal lobe of the brain.
On the maxilla, near the incisor teeth.
Ramus of Mandible.
The upper edge of the eye socket.
The occipital bone.
A saddle-shaped area that includes the nasal root and the lateral aspects of the nose.
The mastoid process is a conical prominence projecting from the temporal bone, located behind the ear, and contains air cells that communicate with the middle ear.
The Lambda is the posterior fontanelle, and it closes at around 6 months.
A depressed fontanelle indicates dehydration.
Petrous part of the temporal bone.
Optic chiasma.
The anterior cranial fossa.
A rounded elevation on the frontal bone.
The primary site where bone formation begins in the frontal bone.
The midline point of the junction of the frontonasal suture with the internasal suture.
Sphenoid.
'Sphenoid' means wedge-shaped and is derived from the Greek word 'sphenoeides'.
The central part of the sphenoid bone is labeled 'Body' in the image.
The squamous part of the temporal bone is the broad, flat portion that forms part of the side of the skull.
The Medial pterygoid plate serves as a point of attachment for muscles of mastication.
Occipital bone, petrous part of the temporal bone, and mastoid part of the temporal bone.
The posterior cranial fossa.
It contains small foramina that allow the passage of the olfactory nerves.
Internal occipital crest and internal occipital protuberance
Infraorbital nerve and vessels.
A large opening in the occipital bone that allows passage of the spinal cord from the brainstem.
An opening in the frontal bone above the eye socket for nerves and vessels.
The frontal, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones meet at the pterion.
The parietal, mastoid, and occipital bones meet at the asterion.
The cerebellum.
Body, Lesser wing, Greater wing, Pterygoid processes (medial and lateral pterygoid plates).
The roof of the superior semicircular canal of the inner ear.
It serves as a groove for the transverse sinus.
The sigmoid sinus, which continues as the internal jugular vein, and the Glossopharyngeal (9), Vagus (10), and Accessory (11) nerves.
It articulates with the zygomatic bone.
A ridge located on the external surface of the occipital bone that extends downward from the external occipital protuberance.
A prominent midline projection on the external surface of the occipital bone.
Nasal, maxilla, zygomatic, greater wing of sphenoid, and temporal.
The pterion is the H-shaped formation of sutures on the side of the skull where four bones meet: frontal, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones. It is the ossified anterolateral fontanelle at the age of 3 months.
Maxilla.
Medial pterygoid plate and Lateral pterygoid plate.
The yellow-colored section.
It is a bony ridge located on the internal surface of the frontal bone.
It forms the floor of the orbit.
Frontal, parietal, occipital.
The zygomatic arch.
The supramastoid crest, also known as the inferior temporal line, is a ridge on the temporal bone that serves as an attachment point for the temporalis muscle.
The petrous part of the temporal bone is a pyramid-shaped, dense region that houses the structures of the inner ear.
The smooth area between the eyebrows.
The mastoid part.
A projection of the frontal bone that articulates with the maxilla.
A projection of the frontal bone that articulates with the zygomatic bone.
The wings of the sphenoid bone are called the greater wing and the lesser wing.
The temporal lobe of the brain.
The hypophyseal fossa, also known as the sella turcica, is a saddle-shaped depression that contains the pituitary gland.
Cerebellum, pons, and medulla.
To form the facial skeleton.
The temporal fossa is bounded anteriorly by the frontal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the frontal bone, superiorly and posteriorly by the temporal lines, and inferiorly by the zygomatic arch.
The infratemporal region.
The asterion is the junction on the side of the posteroinferior skull where three bones meet: parietal, mastoid, and occipital bones. It is the ossified posterolateral fontanelle at the age of 1 year.
Slender and elongated bony projections of the temporal bone that give attachment to muscles.
It gives attachment to muscles and contains air cells.
Below the posterior part of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone.
The Bregma is the anterior fontanelle, and it closes at around 1.5 years.
The sensory ganglia of the trigeminal nerve.
Oblique line
The main parts of the sphenoid bone are the body, greater wing, and lesser wing.
The styloid process is a slender, pointed piece of bone just below the ear, serving as an anchor point for muscles associated with the tongue and larynx.
The Asterion is the posterolateral fontanelle, and it closes at the end of the first year.
The Pterygoid processes.
Lesser wing and Greater wing.
The petrous part of the temporal bone.
Supraorbital nerve and vessels.
It lies postero-superior to the external auditory meatus and is used to locate the mastoid antrum.
On the anterior surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone.
Neurocranium and Viscerocranium.
Foramen magnum
The maxillary nerve of the trigeminal nerve.
The mandibular nerve of the trigeminal nerve.
Lateral Pterygoid Plate.
Posterior to the ear, containing air cells and giving attachment to muscles.
The tympanic part of the temporal bone surrounds the external acoustic meatus and forms part of the ear canal.
The Pterygoid Hamulus acts as a pulley for the tendon of the tensor veli palatini muscle.
1. Orbital plate of frontal bone, 2. Lesser wing of sphenoid, 3. Ethmoid bone in the middle
A vertical projection of the ethmoid bone that serves as an attachment point for the falx cerebri.
It is the portion of the frontal bone that forms the roof of the orbit and part of the anterior cranial fossa.
Nothing is transmitted vertically, but the internal carotid artery passes through it transversely.
The Pterion is the anterolateral fontanelle, and it closes at around 3 months.
Anterior cranial fossa, Middle cranial fossa, Posterior cranial fossa.
The lesser wing of the sphenoid.
In the posterior cranial fossa.
Just superior to the jugular foramen.
Fontanelles are present at birth to allow the overlap of skull bones during delivery.
Delayed closure of fontanelles occurs in rickets.
Greater wing of the sphenoid.
The posterior cranial fossa.
Cranial nerves 3 (oculomotor), 4 (trochlear), ophthalmic division of 5 (trigeminal), and 6 (abducens).
An elevated fontanelle indicates increased intracranial tension.
The upper border of the petrous bone.
The body of the sphenoid and the basilar part of the occipital bone.
It is located at the base of the frontal crest.
A projection of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone that serves as an attachment site for the tentorium cerebelli.
Cranial Nerve II (Optic Nerve).
The mandibular notch.
Four clinoid processes.
Squamous part of the temporal bone.
The optic nerve and the ophthalmic artery.
It forms part of the floor of the anterior cranial fossa and contains the optic canal.
The topmost part of the neurocranium, which protects the cranial cavity that houses the brain.
S-shaped
Mental protuberance (mental tubercle)
Mental nerve and vessels
Internal acoustic meatus, hypoglossal canal, jugular foramen, groove for transverse sinus, cerebellar fossa, and cerebral fossa.
The mandible.
Near the center of the anterior surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone.
Clivus
The intervening cancellous tissue between two layers of compact bones in the skull.
It holds the lower teeth in place, assists in mastication, and forms the lower jawline.
The view of the skull from the back.
To form a protective case around the brain (cranial skeleton).
Mental foramen
The middle meningeal artery.
The view of the skull from the front.
Symphysis menti
The view of the skull from the side.
The hypoglossal nerve.
It gives attachment to the mylohyoid muscle and its posterior end gives attachment to the pterygomandibular ligament.
It is located above the mylohyoid line and lodges the sublingual gland.
Facial nerve (VII), Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII), and labyrinthine artery.
Superior to the margin of the foramen magnum.
The view of the skull from above.
The body and the ramus.
Cranial Nerve V2 (Maxillary branch of Trigeminal Nerve).
Below the mylohyoid line. It lodges the submandibular gland.
The alveolar border holds the lower teeth in place.
Cranial Nerve I (Olfactory Nerve).
On the medial surface of the ramus.
They provide attachment for muscles.
Cranial Nerve XII (Hypoglossal Nerve).
The view of the skull from the base, both internal and external.
Cranial Nerves III (Oculomotor), IV (Trochlear), V1 (Ophthalmic branch of Trigeminal), and VI (Abducens).
Lingula, mandibular foramen, and mylohyoid groove.
It is the upper border between the coronoid and condyloid processes.
Body and Ramus.
The mandible is located inferior to the maxilla.
Names of the bones, names of the sutures, and features.
The Mandibular Nerve (V3 branch of the Trigeminal Nerve).
The inferior border (digastric fossa) serves as an attachment point for muscles involved in mastication and movement of the jaw.
Cranial Nerves VII (Facial) and VIII (Vestibulocochlear).
Cranial Nerves IX (Glossopharyngeal), X (Vagus), and XI (Accessory).
A bony projection on the medial surface of the ramus.
A groove on the medial surface of the ramus that houses the mylohyoid nerve.
