p.4
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is included in a basic endotracheal intubation set?
Suction, a properly sized bag and mask, an oxygen source, endotracheal tubes of appropriate sizes, a laryngoscope, and securing equipment.
p.3
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What tools are included in the emergency cart?
First-line medications, a defibrillator, a bag valve mask, and a suction device.
p.1
Overview of Critical Care Nursing
What is the primary purpose of Critical Care Nursing?
To provide care to critically ill patients and their families while promoting a patient-driven healthcare system.
p.2
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What type of decisions are ICU nurses trained to make?
Split-second decisions when a patient's status changes.
p.6
Code Management and Emergency Response
What is epinephrine used for in emergency situations?
Usually given for cardiac arrest; 1 mg every 3-5 minutes.
p.11
Code Management and Emergency Response
What is the role of the Team Leader/Captain in a CODE team?
To direct and organize the code.
p.3
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the purpose of the emergency cart in critical care nursing?
It transports and dispenses emergency medications and supplies, crucial for CPR.
p.4
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the function of an infusion pump?
To administer fluids, nutrients, and medications in precise, controlled amounts.
p.3
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Protocols
What is a manual defibrillator used for?
To deliver an electric shock to the heart to restore a normal heart rhythm manually.
p.7
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What is the purpose of Isosorbide dinitrate?
It is given to patients with chest pain/angina or acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
p.2
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the function of mechanical ventilators in the ICU?
To move air in and out of the lungs.
p.9
Code Management and Emergency Response
What is the first line of action in an emergency response?
Activation of Emergency Response.
p.7
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Protocols
What are the two types of laryngoscopes mentioned?
Curved (McIntosh) and Flat (Miller).
p.7
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Protocols
When should a defibrillator be used?
If the patient experiences a shockable rhythm like ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia.
p.4
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the primary use of a suction machine?
To remove obstructions such as mucus, saliva, blood, or secretions from a person's airway.
p.7
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What are some examples of antiarrhythmic drugs mentioned?
Digoxin, Adenosine, Verapamil.
p.2
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What is meant by 'de-escalate care' in the ICU?
The goal is to transfer the patient from the ICU to a regular ward as their condition improves.
p.6
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is found in the top level of an emergency cart?
Defibrillator and advanced airway instruments like Ambubag, Laryngoscope, and ET Tube.
p.11
Code Management and Emergency Response
What is a 'CODE' in the medical community?
A commonly used term for a cardiopulmonary arrest.
p.10
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What are the criteria for starting CPR?
All patients in cardiac arrest receive resuscitation unless there are signs of irreversible death.
p.9
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
Where should the heel of your dominant hand be placed during chest compressions?
On the center of the person's chest, lower half of the sternum.
p.6
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What are electrodes used for in an ECG?
Sticky patches placed on the chest and sometimes on the arms or legs to connect to a computer for recording heart signals.
p.3
Sudden Cardiac Arrest Management
What is the purpose of an Automated External Defibrillator (AED)?
To revive someone experiencing sudden cardiac arrest.
p.7
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What are some respiratory drugs mentioned?
Aminophylline, Hydrocortisone.
p.2
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
Who adjusts the settings on a mechanical ventilator?
The respiratory therapist and doctor.
p.10
Ethico-Legal Considerations in Critical Care
What is rigor mortis?
Stiffening of the body muscles due to chemical changes after death.
p.9
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What is the recommended compression rate during CPR?
100 to 120 beats per minute.
p.8
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What should be done to ensure good conduction of electricity to the heart?
Place KY jelly on the paddles.
p.6
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What does intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring assess?
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure.
p.1
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Types and Setup
What does an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) provide?
Intensive care medicine for patients with severe or life-threatening illnesses and injuries.
p.10
Sudden Cardiac Arrest Management
What are signs of Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA)?
Victim is collapsed, unresponsive, and not breathing.
p.7
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Protocols
What is the indication for endotracheal intubation?
Patients who are at risk for respiratory arrest of the airway and oxygenation.
p.1
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Types and Setup
What does PACU stand for?
Post Anesthesia Care Unit.
p.10
Code Management and Emergency Response
When should CPR be stopped?
When the scene is not safe, spontaneous circulation is restored, or the operator is exhausted.
p.8
Sudden Cardiac Arrest Management
What are the signs of sudden cardiac arrest?
No palpable pulse, no breathing, and the victim is unconscious.
p.8
Cerebro-Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CCPR/CPR)
What does CPR stand for?
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
p.8
Sudden Cardiac Arrest Management
What are the four ECG rhythms considered cardiac arrest?
Asystole, Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA), Ventricular Fibrillation (VFib), and Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia (pVTach).
p.4
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What are the components of a bi-valve mask?
A self-inflating bag, a one-way valve, a mask, and an oxygen reservoir.
p.4
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the correct order for suctioning?
Suction the trachea first before suctioning the mouth.
p.5
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
How does the balloon on the IABP operate?
It inflates and deflates in sync with the heart's rhythm.
p.11
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Protocols
What does ACLS stand for?
Advanced Cardiac Life Support.
p.5
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the procedure for using an intraosseous kit?
A needle is inserted into the leg or upper arm, and a drill is activated to push the needle into the bone for administering fluids and medications.
p.1
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Types and Setup
What is a CCU?
Critical Care Unit, a type of intensive care unit.
p.2
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What is the significance of 24/7 nursing care in the ICU?
Patients often require continuous monitoring and assistance with basic needs.
p.2
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What is the goal of ICU care beyond physical recovery?
To ensure the patient can be transferred to a ward and eventually discharged.
p.9
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What is the purpose of external chest compressions?
To manually pump the heart and help blood circulate to vital organs.
p.11
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What should you do first if you see a teen or adult suddenly collapse?
Send someone to call 911 or call 911 yourself.
p.10
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What is the recommended compression rate for CPR?
100-120 times per minute.
p.2
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What is a common intervention for a patient with Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)?
Carotid massage or administering medication.
p.10
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Protocols
What is the purpose of an AED?
To help restore normal heart rhythm through defibrillation.
p.6
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the function of the emergency cart in critical care?
To contain all materials needed for critical care.
p.1
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What is the role of ICU staff?
To provide constant care and close supervision using life support equipment and medications.
p.8
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What is the first step in the Basic Life Support (BLS) chain of events?
Activation of Emergency Response.
p.4
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the purpose of a bi-valve mask (Ambubag)?
To deliver positive pressure ventilation to individuals with insufficient or ineffective breaths.
p.1
Overview of Critical Care Nursing
What is Critical Care Nursing?
A specialty within nursing that deals specifically with human responses to life-threatening illnesses.
p.11
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What is the recommended chest compression rate during CPR?
100 to 120 beats per minute.
p.5
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the purpose of a peripheral arterial line?
For continuous blood pressure monitoring and to allow frequent blood samples without repeated needle sticks.
p.3
Sudden Cardiac Arrest Management
What is the consequence of an irregular heartbeat during sudden cardiac arrest?
It impairs the heart’s ability to pump effectively, leading to its stoppage.
p.5
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the purpose of the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation machine (ECMO)?
To pump and oxygenate blood outside the body, similar to machines used in open-heart surgery.
p.6
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the procedure for ICP monitoring?
Inserting a small pressure-sensitive probe through the skull to measure pressure in the head.
p.5
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
Where is the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) placed?
Inside the aorta, the main artery carrying blood from the heart.
p.4
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is a syringe pump used for?
To administer very small amounts of medication by mechanically moving the syringe piston.
p.10
Sudden Cardiac Arrest Management
What should you do if you recognize Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA)?
Call 911 and follow emergency dispatcher’s instructions.
p.1
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Types and Setup
What are some common conditions treated in ICUs?
ARDS, shock, and other life-threatening conditions.
p.10
Ethico-Legal Considerations in Critical Care
What is dependent lividity?
A passive process of blood accumulating in dependent parts of the body after death.
p.10
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What is the compression technique for CPR in small children?
Use the heel of one hand.
p.7
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What is Citicoline used for?
It is a neurotonic given to patients with stroke.
p.11
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Protocols
What is the purpose of ACLS?
To achieve the best possible outcome for individuals experiencing life-threatening events.
p.5
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What does a hemoperfusion machine do?
Removes toxins, waste products, or drugs from the blood using a filter or adsorbent material.
p.2
Overview of Critical Care Nursing
What types of patients are typically found in the ICU?
Patients who are often ventilated, intubated, and on life-saving machines and medications.
p.8
Overview of Critical Care Nursing
What are the two types of bradyarrhythmias mentioned?
Symptomatic bradycardia and AV blocks.
p.1
Cerebro-Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CCPR/CPR)
What is the significance of high-quality CPR skills in critical care?
They are essential for effective resuscitation in life-threatening situations.
p.6
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the purpose of the electrocardiography (ECG) machine?
To record the electrical signals in the heart and show the heart's beating pattern.
p.3
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the function of a cardiac monitor in the ICU?
It offers continuous ECG display, showing heart rate and rhythm, as well as oxygen saturation (SpO2).
p.1
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Types and Setup
What distinguishes ICUs from general hospital wards?
Higher staff-to-patient ratio and access to advanced medical resources and equipment.
p.9
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What are the two key elements to improve the chance of survival in cardiac arrest?
High Quality CPR Skills and a more efficient team approach.
p.11
Ethico-Legal Considerations in Critical Care
What must be respected if a patient has signed a DNI and DNR waiver?
Their wishes regarding resuscitation efforts.
p.7
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Protocols
What are the three functions of a defibrillator?
Defibrillator mode, Cardioversion mode, Pacing mode.
p.5
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What is the primary function of the intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP)?
To reduce the heart's workload and help it pump more blood.
p.2
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What is the primary role of ICU nurses?
To provide nursing care to patients with life-threatening illnesses or conditions.
p.5
Common Equipment and Instruments in ICU
What does an arterial blood gas (ABG) test measure?
Oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood, as well as the acidity (pH level).
p.3
Sudden Cardiac Arrest Management
What typically causes sudden cardiac arrest?
A disruption in the heart’s electrical activity, leading to a dangerously irregular heartbeat.
p.6
Code Management and Emergency Response
What is the purpose of inotropes like Norepinephrine and Dobutamine?
To increase cardiac output and blood pressure, especially in cardiogenic shock.
p.1
Role and Responsibilities of ICU Nurses
What types of professionals work in an ICU?
Doctors, nurses, respiratory therapists, perfusionists, and other specialists.
p.9
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What should be done to ensure effective rescue breaths?
Create a visible chest rise and avoid excessive air.
p.8
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Protocols
What is the definitive treatment for Ventricular Fibrillation?
Defibrillation first, then CPR.
p.11
Ethico-Legal Considerations in Critical Care
What should be done if a patient does not have an advance directive?
Perform resuscitative efforts until a signed form/waiver is presented.
p.9
Basic Life Support (BLS) Techniques
What is the compression depth for infants during CPR?
About 1 ½ inches (1/3 depth of the chest).
