Body, ramus, ischial spine, ischial tuberosity, and lesser sciatic notch.
The wing (ala) of the ilium.
The heel of the foot.
The anterior part.
The sacroiliac joint.
The calcaneus.
A concave surface on the ilium.
Outside the synovial cavity but within the joint capsule.
Base of patella, tibial tuberosity.
A membranous, deep fascia covering the muscles of the thigh and forming lateral and medial intermuscular septa.
The head of the talus.
The ramus of the ischium.
The ilium.
It lies below the talus.
From the lateral border of the psoas major.
The skin on the anterior and lateral aspects of the thigh as far as the knee.
Superior, middle, and inferior cluneal nerves.
Femoral nerve.
Ilium, pubis, and ischium.
The acetabulum.
It arises from the lumbar plexus (L2–L3).
Lines on the ilium for muscle attachment.
Coronary artery bypass surgery and venipuncture.
It extends from the ischial tuberosity to the posterior iliac spines, lower sacrum, and coccyx.
The skin of the gluteal region.
A combination of injuries to the tibial collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament, and medial meniscus.
From the pubic portion of the acetabular rim and the superior pubic ramus to the lower part of the femoral neck.
Iliopsoas, pectineus, and adductor longus muscles.
Extension and abduction.
NAVeL.
It uses the sustentaculum tali as a pulley.
It indicates a fracture of the femoral neck, dislocated hip joint, or weakness of the gluteus medius.
Housemaid's knee.
From the floor of the acetabular fossa and the margins of the acetabular notch.
It has a groove for the peroneus longus muscle tendon.
The acetabular notch.
Ischiopubic ramus, ischial tuberosity.
Body, superior ramus, and inferior ramus.
The ilium and superior ramus of the pubis.
Anterior-superior iliac spine, anterior-inferior iliac spine, or posterior iliac spine.
Iliac fossa, ala of sacrum.
Flexes and rotates thigh laterally, flexes and rotates leg medially.
A plane-type synovial joint.
Acts as a cushion or shock absorber and lubricates the articular surfaces.
It converts the lesser sciatic notch into the lesser sciatic foramen.
The anterior intercondylar area of the tibia.
Reduced elasticity and incompetent valves in the veins or thrombophlebitis of the deep veins.
Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion.
At the lateral end of the dorsal venous arch.
It is taut during extension and lax during flexion.
Medial group of superficial lymph vessels.
The neck of the femur.
A T-shaped fracture of the distal femur with displacement of the condyles, often caused by a blow to the flexed knee.
Medial surface of upper quarter of tibia.
Injury to the common peroneal nerve, resulting in paralysis of the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg, causing foot drop.
Three.
Seven tarsal bones: talus, calcaneus, navicular bone, cuboid bone, and three cuneiform bones.
The junction of the neck with the shaft of the femur.
It transmits the weight of the body from the tibia to the foot and is the only tarsal bone without muscle attachments.
Rotates the thigh laterally.
The posteroinferior part.
The obturator foramen.
A feature of the ilium.
Articulates with the talus superiorly and the cuboid anteriorly.
The Achilles tendon.
Sustentaculum tali.
A fibrous joint.
To the pubic symphysis, pubic crest, pubic rami, ischial tuberosity, inguinal and sacrotuberous ligaments, and the sacrum and coccyx.
It is a projection that articulates with the trochlea of the talus, lies more inferior and posterior than the medial malleolus, and provides attachment for ligaments.
A condition where the piriformis muscle irritates the sciatic nerve, causing pain in the buttocks and referred pain along the sciatic nerve.
Prevents forward sliding of the tibia on the femur and hyperextension of the knee joint.
Progressive piriformis stretching, corticosteroid injection, or surgery as a last resort.
A fracture of the lower end of the fibula, often accompanied by a fracture of the medial malleolus or rupture of the deltoid ligament, caused by forced eversion of the foot.
An incomplete cup-shaped cavity on the lateral side of the hip bone where the head of the femur fits.
The posterior intercondylar area of the tibia.
Superficial inguinal group of lymph nodes.
Backward sliding of the tibia on the femur and limits hyperflexion of the knee.
Into the popliteal lymph nodes and then to the inguinal nodes.
It is taut during flexion and lax during extension.
Deep lymph vessels that accompany the femoral vessels and from the glans penis or glans clitoris.
Sacral (S1–S2) nerves.
Due to its strong attachment to the tibial collateral ligament.
Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve.
Prevents overeversion of the foot and helps maintain the medial longitudinal arch.
From the lateral femoral epicondyle to the head of the fibula.
The quadriceps femoris tendon.
The fibrocartilaginous acetabular labrum.
Bridges the acetabular notch and converts it into a foramen for nutrient vessels and nerves.
The patellar ligament.
Arises from the femoral nerve in the femoral triangle.
A ligament that arches over the tendon of the popliteus muscle and fuses with the articular capsule.
External pudendal, superficial epigastric, superficial circumflex ilia, lateral femoral cutaneous, and accessory saphenous veins.
C-shaped, forming a semicircle.
To prevent its valves from obstructing blood flow in the graft.
The fibrous capsule inferiorly.
Extends leg.
The spring ligament.
Lateral branches of the dorsal rami of the upper three sacral nerves.
Piriformis muscle, superior and inferior gluteal vessels and nerves, internal pudendal vessels and pudendal nerve, sciatic nerve, posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, and nerves to the obturator internus and quadratus femoris muscles.
It innervates the skin on the medial aspect of the thigh.
A thick lateral portion of the fascia lata that provides insertion for the gluteus maximus and tensor fasciae latae muscles.
Adducts and flexes thigh.
Extends and rotates the thigh laterally.
The transverse acetabular ligament.
Abducts and rotates the thigh medially, stabilizes the pelvis.
Ilium superiorly, ischium posteroinferiorly, and pubis anteromedially.
Iliac crest and anterior-superior iliac spine.
The femur.
Flexion, extension, and some gliding and rotation in the flexed position.
Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis, and obturator internus.
A depression in the articular surface of the femur to which the ligamentum capitis femoris is attached.
The sartorius, gracilis, gastrocnemius (medial head), semitendinosus, semimembranosus muscles, and tibial collateral ligament.
Anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, and calcaneofibular ligaments.
The pectineus muscle.
To obviate wear on the quadriceps tendon and increase its power.
It is shortened with lateral rotation.
Proximally to the margin of the acetabulum and the transverse acetabular ligament; distally to the neck of the femur.
Provides attachment for muscles but has little or no function in weight-bearing.
Resembles a saddle joint.
Tearing of the joint capsule posteriorly, leading to the femoral head lying posterior to the acetabulum.
The major bursa communicating with the knee joint cavity.
The union of the medial sural and lateral sural nerves.
Thrombophlebitis.
Lateral branches of the dorsal rami of the upper three lumbar nerves.
When a football player's cleated shoe is planted and the knee is struck from the lateral side.
Anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular, and calcaneofibular ligaments.
Acts as a cushion and facilitates lubrication.
Between the head of the talus and the three cuneiform bones.
The tendon of the popliteal muscle.
Serves as the keystone of the lateral longitudinal arch of the foot.
Binds the anterior horns of the lateral and medial menisci.
Knee arthritis, meniscus injury, or herniation/tear of the joint capsule.
Prevents medial displacement of the long bones and abduction of the leg at the knee.
Draining and decompressing the cyst.
It becomes taut, limiting extension and abduction of the leg.
It allows movement and is reinforced by ligaments.
A fatigue fracture of one of the metatarsals, often from prolonged walking.
A deep groove on the neck of the talus for the interosseous ligaments between the talus and the calcaneus.
It limits extension and adduction of the leg.
Multiaxial ball-and-socket synovial joint.
The acetabular labrum, fibrous capsule, and capsular ligaments (iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, pubofemoral).
A femoral fracture through the trochanters, a form of extracapsular hip fracture.
It deepens the articular socket for the head of the femur and stabilizes the hip joint.
A deformity where the tibia is bent or twisted laterally.
Iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, and pubofemoral ligaments.
The skin on the medial side of the leg and foot.
It is vulnerable to injury during surgery to repair varicose veins.
Ellipsoid (condyloid) synovial joints.
Extension and medial rotation of the thigh.
Pes Anserinus (Goose Foot).
A hinge-type (ginglymus) synovial joint.
It converts the greater sciatic notch into the greater sciatic foramen.
Boat-shaped.
A groove for the flexor hallucis longus tendon.
The medial (or deltoid) ligament.
Provides a pathway for the artery of the ligamentum capitis femoris and supplies blood to the femoral head during childhood.
It provides sensory innervation to the skin of the medial side of the leg and foot.
Running, jumping, and quick-start sports.
The neck of the femur.
A waddling gait characterized by the pelvis drooping toward the unaffected side when the opposite leg is raised.
The iliofemoral ligament.
Origin: Ischial tuberosity; Insertion: Medial surface of upper part of tibia.
It indicates a rupture of the ACL or PCL based on the direction of tibial sliding.
Forms about two-thirds of a sphere and is directed medially, upward, and slightly forward.
Tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, anterior tibiotalar, and posterior tibiotalar ligaments.
14 bones (two in the first digit and three in each of the others).
A rough line or ridge on the body (shaft) of the femur.
Interruption of blood supply from the medial femoral circumflex artery.
Branches of the femoral, obturator, sciatic, and superior gluteal nerves, and the nerve to the quadratus femoris.
It may be used for repair of the anterior cruciate ligament.
Inversion and eversion of the foot.
A deformity where the tibia is bent medially.
An alteration of the angle made by the femoral neck to the femoral shaft exceeding 135 degrees, making the femoral neck straighter.
Hyperextension of the leg and lateral rotation during the final phase of extension.
The femoral head is displaced anteroinferior to the acetabulum or pubic bone, with the affected limb slightly flexed, abducted, and laterally rotated.
Over the superficial surface of the patella.
Hinge-type (ginglymus) synovial joints.
A condylar type of synovial joint.
The navicular bone posteriorly and three metatarsals anteriorly.
Extends thigh, flexes and rotates leg laterally.
The biceps and gastrocnemius tendons, iliotibial tract, and fibular collateral ligaments.
Blood in a joint, causing rapid swelling of the injured knee joint.
Fracture of the femoral head.
Branches of the medial and lateral femoral circumflex, superior and inferior gluteal, and obturator arteries.
Ankle sprain (inversion injury).
Arises from the sacral plexus (S1–S3).
From the inferior border of the gluteus maximus muscle.
A ball-and-socket joint.
It tests the extension of the knee joint.
Short plantar and long plantar ligaments, and the tendon of the peroneus longus muscle.
It runs between the lateral meniscus and the capsule of the knee joint.
A localized swelling at the medial side of the first metatarsophalangeal joint caused by an inflammatory bursa.
The skin on the back of the leg and the lateral side of the ankle, heel, and foot.
The lesser trochanter.
The head of the talus.
From the genicular branches of the popliteal artery and other arteries.
Branches of the sciatic, femoral, and obturator nerves.
A plane synovial joint.
The tibia.
The skin of the buttock, thigh, and calf.
The spring (plantar calcaneonavicular) ligament.
An alteration of the angle made by the femoral neck to the femoral shaft being less than 135 degrees, making the femoral neck more horizontal.
From the common peroneal nerve in the popliteal fossa.
The skin on the posterolateral side of the leg.
A subcutaneous infrapatellar bursa and a deep infrapatellar bursa.
At the medial end of the dorsal venous arch of the foot.
Ascends in front of the medial malleolus and along the medial aspect of the tibia.
Important in inversion and eversion of the foot.
It reinforces the fibrous capsule anteriorly and resists hyperextension and lateral rotation at the hip joint during standing.
A lateral deviation of the big toe, frequently accompanied by swelling (bunion) on the medial aspect of the first metatarsophalangeal joint.
Anterior muscles of the leg and foot, and the skin of the contiguous sides of the first and second toes.
Innervates the skin on the lateral side of the lower leg and the dorsum of the foot.
Through the saphenous opening (fossa ovalis) in the fascia lata.
