True, large lakes and oceans tend to moderate local temperatures.
No, blood glucose levels appear to remain within a normal range, suggesting homeostatic mechanisms are functioning correctly.
Water hating.
Hyperthermia occurs when the body's mechanisms for maintaining temperature balance fail, involving receptors, set points, and effectors.
Glycogen.
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
70-110 mg/dL.
Collagen – found in connective tissues.
When a phosphate is released by breaking its bond during hydrolysis reaction.
Water clinging to a surface such as blood vessels.
Water absorbs and releases heat slowly, helping maintain a relatively constant body temperature.
Maltase – digests maltose.
Starch.
Hydrogen bond.
Receptors send a message to the regulatory center, which then communicates with effectors to return the body to the set point.
Shivering generates heat and raises body temperature, counteracting efforts to lower it.
Headache.
7 (neutral).
A three-dimensional globular structure held together by ionic, covalent, hydrogen, and sometimes sulfur bonds.
Glucose and galactose.
Phospholipid.
The tendency of the body to seek and maintain a condition of balance within its internal environment.
Energy molecule of the cell.
Movement of water up plant stems.
Rain gathers into puddles due to water's ability to cling to surfaces.
True, water molecules can attract each other by hydrogen bonding.
A compound that releases hydroxide ions in aqueous solutions.
Dehydration synthesis.
Extreme increase in temperature, extreme pH change, and heavy metals.
Yes, blood glucose levels range from 80-110 mg/dL.
Nucleotides.
pH ~2, important for activating digestive enzymes like pepsin and denaturing proteins, regulated by parietal cells releasing hydrochloric acid.
Because it has partial charges due to the unequal sharing of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen.
The high heat of evaporation due to its polarity and hydrogen bonding.
The cells swell.
Cholesterol is a precursor for many steroids.
A single unit or building block that can be used to build polymers.
Maltose, sucrose, lactose.
Water loving.
Keratin – found in hair and nails.
In the blood (pH ~7.4) to maintain protein structure like hemoglobin, regulated by the bicarbonate buffer system.
Long-term energy source, insulation, and padding.
Evaporation is endothermic; water absorbs heat from the body, and the fan increases evaporation rate, enhancing cooling.
True, the majority of our cellular reactions occur in water.
How acidic or basic a solution is.
A linear chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds.
A sugar containing a single ring structure (examples: glucose, fructose, galactose).
Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions.
It has increased 100 fold.
Covalent bond.
They form the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
Body heat is transferred to the water on the skin by conduction, allowing the water to absorb heat.
False, water is not an organic molecule.
A substance that resists changes in pH despite the addition of an acid or base.
A sugar containing many bonded monomers (examples: starch, cellulose, glycogen).
Biological messengers that can travel through blood, such as estrogen and testosterone.
Negative feedback loop, as it maintains normalcy rather than moving levels towards an extreme.
Cellulose.
4 water molecules.
The ability of water bugs to 'stand' on water.
It makes water an effective transport medium for various substances in the body.
A compound that releases hydrogen ions in aqueous solutions.
The pH decreases.
It loses its tertiary shape due to high temperatures or extreme pH changes, destroying the active site and preventing it from bonding to its substrate.
Starch, cellulose, glycogen.
Carbonic anhydrase – helps maintain blood pH.
Adenosine triphosphate.
pH ~7, ensures activation of digestive enzymes like trypsin, regulated by bicarbonate released by the pancreas.
Due to poor circulation, damaged skin, inefficient sweat glands, and medications that affect temperature regulation.
It retains warm blood within the core, decreasing heat loss and hindering temperature reduction.
Cerebral edema.
Amino acids.
A synthesis reaction that bonds 2 molecules together while removing a H+ and OH- to produce water.
Glucose and glucose.
Saturated fatty acids have single bonds between carbon atoms and hold all the hydrogen they can, while unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds between one or more carbon atoms.
Proteins used to build or support body structures.
Buffers.
Neutral fats (triglycerides), phospholipids, steroids.
They cause water loss, inhibiting perspiration and increasing the risk of dehydration.
Fluid outside the cells has a low amount of solutes, such as sodium and other electrolytes, compared to fluid inside the cells.
Because they are insoluble in water and hydrophobic.
Two amino acids bonded together by a peptide bond.
A degradation reaction that breaks apart polymers by adding water.
Starch has few side branches.
Many cellular activities require enzymes, whose functions depend on a specific pH; changing pH alters enzyme structure and inhibits function.
Humans lack the enzyme necessary to break the bonds in cellulose, making it necessary for maintaining a healthy digestive system.
Its polarity allows it to dissolve many substances, especially other polar molecules.
Water's cohesive and adhesive properties allow it to fill and flow through vessels easily.
Three six-carbon rings bonded to one five-carbon ring.
It increases.
A chain made up of monomers that are bonded together.
Glucose and fructose.
Water dissolves charged and polar molecules such as salts, allowing them to be transported throughout the body.
Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds.
Regulates sperm production and is important in the development of secondary sex characteristics.
Peptide bonds.
CH2O.
It is a female reproductive hormone that regulates the female cycle.
An alpha helix held together by hydrogen bonds between amino and carboxyl groups within a chain.
A sugar containing 2 bonded ring structures (examples: lactose, sucrose, maltose).
