p.125
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is as important as the knowledge a nurse possesses?
The character of the nurse.
p.5
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is nursing theory?
A body of knowledge that describes or explains nursing and supports nursing practice.
p.13
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What do theories do with concepts?
They interrelate concepts to create a different way of looking at a phenomenon.
p.2
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What type of emergencies do nurses treat?
Life-threatening emergencies in various health care settings.
p.38
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What three components are essential for the practice of nursing?
Theoretical knowledge, clinical experience, and technical skill.
p.13
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does it mean for a theory to be generalizable?
It can be applied to different situations or populations.
p.16
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
With whom do Registered Nurses (R.N.s) work during treatments and examinations?
They work with physicians.
p.10
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How do nursing theories assist in decision making?
They provide a structure for organization, analysis, and decision making.
p.43
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is theoretical knowledge in nursing?
Understanding the principles and concepts that underpin nursing practice.
p.6
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is a concept in the context of a theory?
A concept is the basic building block of a theory.
p.9
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is the basis for professional nursing?
The integration of theory into practice.
p.47
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
How did nursing begin according to the Intuitive Period?
Nursing was instinctive, with humans naturally providing care to their young and mates.
p.43
Core Competencies in Nursing
What are technical skills in nursing?
The ability to perform specific procedures and tasks effectively.
p.7
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is a conceptual framework?
A structure that links global concepts together and represents the unified whole of a larger reality.
p.3
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does a theory provide?
An orderly way to view phenomena through a set of concepts and propositions.
p.19
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What are the key components of nursing?
Promotion of health, prevention of illness, and care of ill, disabled, and dying people.
p.20
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
Why is nursing difficult to define?
Some nurse leaders believe that defining it would restrict the growth of the profession.
p.7
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What do grand theories articulate?
A broad range of the significant relationships among the concepts of a discipline.
p.15
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is one purpose of theory in nursing?
To support the development of knowledge through thesis and contestability.
p.1
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is one of the primary responsibilities of nurses in patient care?
Assessing patient’s needs and problems.
p.5
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How does nursing theory contribute to nursing practice?
It amplifies knowledge development and enhances the quality of nursing practice.
p.1
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Can you name two types of advanced practice nurses?
Clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners.
p.22
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How did Florence Nightingale define nursing?
As 'the act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery.'
p.18
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
Why do new nursing students ask about the meaning of nursing?
To understand its worth to society.
p.22
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What did Nightingale's definition of nursing highlight?
The uniqueness of nursing practice in the health profession.
p.13
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What do theories provide a basis for?
Hypotheses that can be tested.
p.38
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What does the synergy in nursing practice refer to?
The combination of theoretical knowledge, clinical experience, and technical skill.
p.47
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What characterizes the Intuitive Period in nursing history?
It was marked by slavery, witchcraft, and superstitious beliefs.
p.48
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What roles were women expected to fulfill in caring for others?
Taking good care of their children, the sick, and the aged.
p.31
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What organization adopted the definition of nursing in 1973?
International Council of Nurses (ICN).
p.19
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does nursing encompass?
Autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups, and communities, sick or well, in all settings.
p.14
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How does research contribute to the nursing discipline?
By increasing the general body of knowledge through validation.
p.18
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What Latin words is 'nursing' derived from?
Nutricia, nutriz, nutrire.
p.7
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is a conceptual model?
A term often used interchangeably with conceptual framework and sometimes with grand theories.
p.8
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is a phenomenon in nursing?
An observable fact that can be perceived through the senses and explained.
p.4
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does the term 'phenomenon' refer to in a theory?
An aspect of reality that can be consciously sensed or experienced.
p.8
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What do nursing theories focus on?
The phenomena of nursing and nursing care.
p.11
Meta-paradigm of Nursing
What do the four concepts of the meta-paradigm represent?
Key concepts of all theories in nursing.
p.21
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What natural tendency does nursing spring from?
The tendency of man to take care of fellow human beings for health and life preservation.
p.39
Core Competencies in Nursing
What three elements are required for effective nursing practice?
Technical skill, clinical experience, and theoretical knowledge.
p.21
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
How are nursing and human survival linked?
History shows that the survival of human beings and nursing are inextricably linked.
p.39
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is the purpose of combining technical skill, clinical experience, and theoretical knowledge in nursing?
To achieve the purpose of nursing practice.
p.60
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was the focus of early nursing theorists in the 1950s?
The tasks of nursing practice from a mechanistic viewpoint.
p.33
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
How does scientific knowledge impact nursing?
It informs the thinking and practice of the discipline.
p.46
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Who qualifies as a client in the context of health services?
Individuals who need or require health services, regardless of their specific health care needs.
p.60
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What aspects of nursing were diminished due to the mechanistic viewpoint?
The art of nursing, the value of caring, relationship aspects, and the esthetics of practice.
p.1
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What are advanced practice nurses (APNs) responsible for in the United States?
Diagnosing problems and prescribing drugs or therapies.
p.49
Evolution of Nursing Education
What concept was developed during the Apprentice Ship Period?
On-the-job training or internship.
p.16
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is one of the primary responsibilities of Registered Nurses (R.N.s)?
Promote health, prevent disease, and help patients cope with illness.
p.49
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Who taught the apprentices during the Apprentice Ship Period?
More experienced individuals who knew about caring for the sick and wounded.
p.16
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
How do Registered Nurses (R.N.s) support patients and communities?
By advocating and educating patients, clients, families, and communities.
p.21
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What does nursing as an art involve?
The use of imagination and creativity in caring.
p.15
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How does theory contribute to outcomes in nursing?
It explains and predicts outcomes.
p.11
Meta-paradigm of Nursing
What is the origin of the term 'meta-paradigm'?
It comes from two Greek words: 'meta' meaning 'with' and 'paradigm' meaning 'pattern'.
p.9
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What was the nature of knowledge in the early part of nursing's history?
Knowledge was extremely limited and almost entirely task-oriented.
p.33
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is the primary aim of science?
The expansion of a body of knowledge.
p.30
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
Who was Virginia Henderson?
One of the first modern nurses to define nursing.
p.6
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
How do concepts function in thought?
A concept is a vehicle of thought.
p.48
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What does 'Maski-papaano' refer to?
A Filipino attitude known during the intuitive period.
p.9
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What does the literature say about the relationship between theory and nursing care?
It yields many interpretations regarding the role each component plays in the health care environment.
p.21
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What elements are used in nursing as an art?
Creative imagination, sensitive spirit, and intelligent understanding.
p.32
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What role does advocacy play in nursing?
Advocacy is a key role that involves supporting and representing patients' interests.
p.29
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is the first goal of nursing as an art?
To understand the patient, their condition, situation, or need.
p.4
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the first component of a theory?
Concepts, which help describe or label a phenomenon.
p.1
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Who do nurses collaborate with to develop a plan of care?
Physicians, therapists, clients, and other team members.
p.8
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is a principle in the context of nursing theory?
A basic generalization that is accepted as true and can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct.
p.5
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What does nursing theory provide for clinical care?
It serves as the backbone of clinical care.
p.20
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is the general consensus about defining nursing?
Nursing needs definition to be better understood.
p.5
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
Why is a commitment to theory-based evidence important in nursing?
It guides systematic, knowledgeable care, benefiting patients.
p.8
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
Give examples of phenomena in nursing.
Caring, self-care, and client responses to stress.
p.24
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What does the term 'art' refer to in nursing?
The creativity required in responding to individual client needs.
p.15
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
In what way does theory assist nurses in their practice?
It supports decision making.
p.11
Meta-paradigm of Nursing
How can the meta-paradigm be applied in nursing?
It can be superimposed on almost any work in nursing.
p.44
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Who is referred to as a patient in nursing?
An individual suffering from any form of discomfort or pain quietly or without complaint.
p.10
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What do nursing theories help clarify within the discipline?
Beliefs, values, and goals.
p.24
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What abilities do nurses develop to deliver effective care?
The ability to sense, feel, perceive, and decide effectively.
p.25
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What comparison does Nightingale make to emphasize the importance of nursing?
She compares it to the work of painters and sculptors, highlighting the living body as more significant than dead canvas or cold marble.
p.10
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What unique contribution does nursing theory help define?
The unique contribution of nursing in the care of clients.
p.24
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
How do nurses demonstrate mastery in their field?
By increasingly effective delivery of care.
p.100
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What are the three types of systems in King's goal attainment theory?
Operational systems, interpersonal systems, and social systems.
p.37
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What are the two essential ingredients for excellence in nursing?
The art and science of nursing.
p.3
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is a theory?
A hypothesis or system of ideas proposed to explain a given phenomenon or idea.
p.3
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How can a theory be characterized?
As a major, well-articulated idea about something important to a particular individual or group.
p.7
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
How does a conceptual framework relate to theory?
The specifics about phenomena within the global whole are better explained by theory.
p.2
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is one of the primary roles of nurses in health maintenance?
Health maintenance of healthy individuals.
p.14
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How do practitioners utilize nursing theories?
To guide and improve their practice.
p.13
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is a key characteristic of theories?
They are logical in nature.
p.14
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is a characteristic of validated nursing theories?
They are consistent with other validated theories, laws, and principles but leave open unanswered questions.
p.49
Evolution of Nursing Education
How did apprentices learn during this period?
They learned alongside those primarily giving aid and care.
p.20
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
In how many ways is nursing defined?
Three ways: Art, Science, and Practice.
p.22
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How did Nightingale distinguish nursing from medical practice?
By emphasizing the environmental aspects of patient care.
p.20
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What are the three definitions of nursing?
Art, Science, and Practice.
p.22
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What qualities did Nightingale associate with nursing?
Compassion and dedication.
p.46
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does the term 'client' refer to in healthcare?
Recipients of health care, including individuals, families, groups, and communities.
p.21
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What does nursing as an art not rely on?
Mechanical details of execution or the dexterity of the performer.
p.34
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
How is nursing established as a separate profession?
By being a health profession distinct from the practice of medicine.
p.17
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is one role of nurses in patient recovery?
Assist clients in convalescence and rehabilitation.
p.6
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
According to Chinn and Kramer (1999), how are concepts defined?
Concepts are complex mental formulations of one’s perceptions of the world.
p.9
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What are nursing theories considered to be?
Mental powers or constructs created to help understand and find meaning from experience.
p.76
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What does the acronym T R E P R E P E P P stand for?
The acronym does not have a widely recognized meaning and may require context for interpretation.
p.63
Evolution of Nursing Education
What was the primary focus of the Curriculum Era in nursing education?
Understanding the nature of the knowledge needed for nursing practice and emphasizing curricular content.
p.4
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What do definitions in a theory provide?
The general meaning of the concepts in a manner that fits the theory.
p.4
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What are assumptions in a theory?
Statements that describe concepts or connect two concepts that are factual.
p.18
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What do the Latin words related to nursing mean?
'Nurse', 'nourish', or 'cherish'.
p.11
Meta-paradigm of Nursing
What is the meta-paradigm for nursing?
A unifying force in nursing that names the phenomena of concern to the discipline.
p.2
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is involved in the treatment of acutely or chronically ill patients?
Treatment, safety, and recovery of the patients.
p.38
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
How is nursing described in terms of its nature?
As an art, science, and practice.
p.5
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does an organized nursing theory articulate?
A set of statements related to questions in the discipline of nursing.
p.10
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
In what way do nursing theories facilitate communication?
They provide a structure for communicating with other nurses and health care team members.
p.43
Core Competencies in Nursing
What does clinical experience refer to in nursing?
Hands-on practice and exposure to real patient care situations.
p.23
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What does art in nursing encompass?
The whole of the nursing experience, which goes beyond curing the patient.
p.39
Core Competencies in Nursing
What does the synergy in nursing practice refer to?
The combination of technical skill, clinical experience, and theoretical knowledge.
p.100
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is the primary focus of Imogene King's goal attainment theory?
The relationship between operational, interpersonal, and social systems.
p.47
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What motivated the practice of nursing during the Intuitive Period?
The desire to help and relieve the pain of those who were suffering.
p.46
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Give an example of a client seeking health care advice.
A woman who has just given birth seeking advice from a nurse about breastfeeding.
p.23
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What factors influence the effectiveness of nursing?
The equality of interactions between people in various settings and situations.
p.2
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What non-clinical functions do nurses perform?
Research and non-clinical functions necessary for the delivery of health care.
p.48
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Why were tasks traditionally given to women?
Because they were seen as compassionate and nurturing in nature.
p.2
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What role do nurses play in education?
Teaching and mentoring other nurses.
p.24
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What additional aspects of nursing are considered artful?
Knowledge, judgement, and skill exercised by nurses.
p.25
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
How does Florence Nightingale describe nursing?
As an art that requires exclusive devotion and hard preparation.
p.27
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the client's preference regarding injections?
The client prefers to be injected only on one side of the arm, the 'favorite' arm.
p.36
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
How does the American Nursing Association (ANA) define nursing?
As the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, and alleviation of suffering through diagnosis and treatment of human response.
p.15
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How does theory aid in the modeling of nursing processes?
It supports the modeling of processes of nursing.
p.31
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does the ICN definition of nursing encompass?
Autonomous and collaborative care of individuals, families, groups, and communities.
p.36
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What are the key components of nursing according to the ANA?
Direct care and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.
p.69
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What realization did nurses come to during this era?
Practice must be joined with theory to see whether it holds in practice.
p.72
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What historical event led to the emergence of Romanticism?
The industrial revolution, which emphasized materialism.
p.41
Core Competencies in Nursing
What are the three aspects of nursing practice that contribute to safe and quality nursing?
Adequate theoretical knowledge, clinical experiences, and technical skills.
p.69
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the role of theory in nursing?
Theory explains the occurrence of nursing phenomena.
p.112
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What distinguishes a professional person from a technician?
A technician knows everything about their job except its ultimate purpose, while a professional understands the ultimate purpose of their job and their place in the larger context.
p.28
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
How can an approval-seeking nurse with low self-esteem affect the client?
She will do more harm to the client.
p.30
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
According to Henderson, what would clients perform unaided if they had the necessary strength, will, or knowledge?
Activities contributing to their health and well-being.
p.54
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What time period is referred to as the Dark Ages of Nursing?
From the beginning of the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century.
p.64
Evolution of Nursing Education
What is required for those who seek to become a nurse?
They must know and learn the same things outlined in the curriculum.
p.34
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What does nursing aim to arrive at through research?
General truths about its profession and practice.
p.80
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What role do theories play in nursing?
Theories were developed, taught, and discussed to enhance nursing practice.
p.12
Meta-paradigm of Nursing
How is Health defined in the context of nursing?
The degree of wellness or well-being that the patients experience.
p.119
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What motivates members of a profession?
Altruism, working for the good of society.
p.118
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is a key characteristic of a profession?
It involves the use of refined intellectual faculties coupled with personal accountability.
p.40
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What type of experience should nursing schools emphasize?
A very rich clinical experience.
p.113
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What has the move towards theory-based practice done for contemporary nursing?
It has made nursing more meaningful and significant.
p.88
Types of Nursing Theories
What is a limitation of Grand Nursing Theories?
They are not designed for empirical testing, limiting their use in specific nursing situations.
p.41
Core Competencies in Nursing
What produces nurses who understand the 'why' and 'wherefores' of their practice?
Adequate theoretical knowledge and clinical experience.
p.44
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does it mean when a person is described as a patient?
They are seeking medical care.
p.27
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Why is it harmful to inject on the same site multiple times?
Injecting on the same site for five times could be harmful to the client.
p.79
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is the purpose of research in nursing?
To help nurses critically think and make scientific decisions for accurate, safe, and quality patient care.
p.17
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What process do nurses follow to address patient needs?
Formulate, implement, and evaluate nursing care plans based on assessed needs and problems.
p.6
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What role do concepts play in mental imagery?
A concept assists us in formulating a mental image about an object or situation.
p.32
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
How do nurses contribute to creating a safe environment?
By promoting safety measures and practices in healthcare settings.
p.77
Evolution of Nursing Education
What is the lowest level of nursing practice?
Practice, which is intuitive or primitive.
p.35
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What are the main goals of nursing according to the ADPCN?
Promotion and restoration of health, prevention of illness, alleviation of suffering, and assisting clients to face death with dignity and peace.
p.33
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What has the use of scientific methods in nursing research generated?
The testing and expansion of nursing theories.
p.36
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does nursing aim to alleviate according to the ANA?
Suffering through diagnosis and treatment of human response.
p.102
Core Competencies in Nursing
What does secondary prevention aim to achieve?
Strengthening internal lines of resistance, reducing reaction, and increasing resistance factors.
p.35
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does nursing focus on in relation to clients?
Assisting clients as they respond to health-illness situations.
p.119
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is one characteristic of a profession regarding its internal organization?
A profession is organized internally.
p.53
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
Who were the primary caregivers during the middle ages?
Men, who staffed hospitals founded by religious military orders.
p.88
Types of Nursing Theories
What is a Grand Nursing Theory?
A theory with the broadest scope that presents general concepts and propositions.
p.63
Evolution of Nursing Education
What significant shift in nursing education emerged during the Curriculum Era?
Moving nursing education from hospital-based diploma programs into colleges and universities.
p.74
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What significant shift occurred in the philosophical concern of nursing during the Humanism period?
The focus shifted to the patient or client.
p.32
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What educational role do nurses have?
Nurses are involved in educating patients and the community about health and wellness.
p.55
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was the first organized visiting nurse service?
The Sisters of Charity, founded by St. Vincent de Paul.
p.83
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
Why is theory significant for the discipline of nursing?
Nursing depends on theory for its continued existence and can be a discipline with a professional style of theory-based practice.
p.35
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What principles guide nursing practice as defined by the ADPCN?
Ethico-legal and moral principles.
p.55
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was St. Vincent de Paul's belief regarding home nursing visits?
He believed that they lead to quicker restoration of health as family life is less disturbed.
p.88
Types of Nursing Theories
What do Grand Nursing Theories provide insights into?
They reflect and provide insights useful for practice.
p.26
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is the 'process' component in Peplau's nursing art?
The interaction initiated by the nurse that moves the patient towards an end point.
p.87
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What is the main epistemological view of rationalism?
Rationalism regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge.
p.32
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What are the primary components of nursing?
Promotion of health, prevention of illness, and care of ill, disabled, and dying people.
p.23
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
Can there be caring without curing in nursing?
Yes, there can be caring without curing.
p.30
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
How did Virginia Henderson define nursing?
As assisting individuals, sick or well, in activities contributing to health, recovery, quality of life, or a peaceful death.
p.44
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is implied by the term 'patient' in the context of nursing?
Passive acceptance of the decisions and care of health professionals.
p.71
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What does asceticism refer to in nursing theory?
A basic lifestyle devoid of luxuries, with devotion to the spiritual life.
p.28
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the consequence of a nurse allowing a client's request for approval?
She will get the client’s approval.
p.30
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What activities does Henderson's definition of nursing include?
Activities contributing to health, recovery, quality of life, or a peaceful death.
p.12
Meta-paradigm of Nursing
What is the first central concept of nursing according to nursing theorists?
Person or Patient - The recipient of nursing care, including individuals, families, groups, and communities.
p.27
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What should the nurse consider when administering injections?
The nurse should consider the potential harm of repeated injections on the same site.
p.68
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was the Theory Era a natural outgrowth of?
The research and graduate education eras.
p.50
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What systems did Kaisserswerth and Nightingale develop?
Systems of caring for the sick and wounded.
p.45
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does it mean to be a consumer of health care?
Those individuals who use health care products or services.
p.29
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is the third goal of nursing as an art?
To improve the patient’s condition or situation within the framework of the nursing care plan.
p.115
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What does it mean to enter the religious life in the context of a profession?
To live in poverty, obedience, and chastity.
p.77
Evolution of Nursing Education
How many people typically practice nursing based on the 'calling'?
Only a few people who had the 'calling' to serve the sick.
p.45
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Give an example of a consumer in a health care setting.
A person who goes to a dermatological clinic to undergo liposuction for health reasons.
p.111
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does Dr. Jean Watson identify as both a strength and a flaw of nurses?
Their insatiable need to care for others.
p.101
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
How does Betty Neuman view the patient?
As an open system consisting of a central core of energy resources.
p.64
Evolution of Nursing Education
How has the science of nursing changed in terms of education?
It became more popular, with more subjects related to nursing being taught.
p.42
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is the objective of nursing practice?
To provide holistic care that addresses the patient's body, mind, and spirit.
p.65
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Why did nurses seek proof and evidence of their practice?
To differentiate nursing practice from medicine.
p.51
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What marks the beginning of organized nursing?
The establishment of structured care systems in ancient civilizations.
p.61
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What has influenced contemporary nursing theorists to project a new perspective for nursing?
Changes in global awareness of health care needs.
p.89
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is the purpose of Middle-range Nursing Theory?
To provide theories that are broad enough for complex situations and appropriate for empirical testing.
p.78
Core Competencies in Nursing
Why is intellectual capability important in nursing according to Nightingale?
To ensure that nurses can provide the best and well-thought-out options in nursing care.
p.73
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was the primary focus of pragmatism in nursing?
Providing immediate health care delivery, especially during wartime.
p.41
Core Competencies in Nursing
What do nurses with adequate knowledge and experience tend to have?
Correct judgment of nursing situations.
p.25
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
According to Nightingale, what is the significance of the living body in nursing?
It is described as the temple of God's spirit.
p.31
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Who does the ICN definition of nursing apply to?
Individuals of all ages, families, groups, and communities, sick or well.
p.33
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What types of methods are utilized in nursing research?
Qualitative and quantitative methods, as well as computer-based data analysis.
p.40
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What must nursing achieve through its practice?
Nursing must achieve its purpose through a combination of theoretical knowledge and technical skills derived from clinical experience.
p.44
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is a key characteristic of a patient undergoing treatment?
They are waiting for or undergoing medical treatment and care.
p.29
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is the second goal of nursing as an art?
To enhance the patient’s capability.
p.6
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
How do concepts aid in communication?
Concepts help us to name things and occurrences in the world around us and assist us in communicating with each other.
p.55
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What significant development occurred during the Golden Age of Nursing?
The successful emergence of individuals and groups dedicated to caring for the sick.
p.17
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
How do nurses help individuals and groups regarding health?
By helping them take steps to improve or maintain their health.
p.102
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is the goal of tertiary prevention?
Pre-adaptation and stability, protecting reconstitution or return to wellness following treatment.
p.113
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What realization did nursing leaders have in the early twentieth century?
Nursing must develop its own knowledge to guide nursing practice.
p.42
Core Competencies in Nursing
What are the basic components of a satisfactory nursing practice?
Theoretical knowledge, strong technical skills, and diverse clinical experiences.
p.58
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
Who was Josephine Bracken?
A prominent Filipino woman who provided nursing care to wounded soldiers and set up hospitals.
p.26
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What does the 'medium' component refer to in Peplau's nursing art?
The art or intellectual creativity of the nurse in bringing about change towards health.
p.74
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What aspect of relationships did the Humanism period emphasize?
Understanding human interrelationships.
p.58
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What role did Melchora Aquino play in nursing care?
She provided nursing care to wounded soldiers and helped establish hospitals.
p.50
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What improvements were made in nursing care during the educated period?
New and better ways of caring for the wounded and ill.
p.101
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What are the components of the central core in Neuman's systems model?
Physiological, psychological, socio-cultural, developmental, and spiritual energy resources.
p.64
Evolution of Nursing Education
What is the current trend in the nursing profession?
The nursing profession keeps growing.
p.86
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is the primary purpose of science in nursing?
To describe, explain, and predict causes or outcomes of interventions.
p.90
Types of Nursing Theories
How do Nursing Practice Theories impact nursing practice?
They have a more direct impact on nursing practice than more abstract theories.
p.35
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
How does the Association of Deans of Philippine Colleges of Nursing (ADPCN) define nursing?
As a dynamic discipline that is an art and a science of caring for individuals, families, groups, and communities.
p.46
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What kind of information might a nurse provide to a new mother?
Proper latching, care of the nipples, and how to breastfeed the baby.
p.23
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
In what type of environments is the art of nursing often practiced?
In unpredictable and spontaneous environments.
p.64
Evolution of Nursing Education
What did nursing teachers follow in their instruction?
The curriculum set for nursing education.
p.34
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is one way nursing disseminates its organized body of knowledge?
Through nursing journals.
p.80
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
How has nursing evolved as a profession?
Nursing evolved into a full-grown profession.
p.77
Evolution of Nursing Education
What motivates individuals to practice nursing at its most basic level?
A calling and an extreme desire to serve the sick member of the family.
p.63
Evolution of Nursing Education
What was the goal of the Curriculum Era in nursing education?
To arrive at a standardized curriculum for nursing students.
p.74
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What was the primary focus of the Humanism period in nursing?
Human values and concerns.
p.111
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is a unique characteristic of nurses according to Dr. Jean Watson?
An insatiable need to care for others.
p.26
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What are the three major components of nursing as an art form according to Hildegard Peplau?
Medium, process, and product.
p.115
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is the distinction between a profession and a professional?
A profession refers to the group, while a professional refers to the individual person.
p.12
Meta-paradigm of Nursing
What does the concept of Nursing encompass?
The attributes, characteristics, and actions of the nurse providing care on behalf of, or in conjunction with, the patient.
p.61
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What challenge did nursing theorists face during the 1960s to 1980s?
They struggled to make nursing practice, theory, and research fit into the prevailing view of science.
p.70
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is the current era of nursing practice referred to?
Theory-based nursing practice.
p.115
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What does it indicate when a person professes to have studied a subject matter?
It means they have arrived at conclusions after careful study of the matter.
p.113
Evolution of Nursing Education
How has the focus of nursing shifted due to theory-based practice?
From vocation and occupation to an organized profession.
p.90
Types of Nursing Theories
What is the scope of Nursing Practice Theory?
It has the most limited scope and level of abstraction, developed for specific nursing situations.
p.118
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does a professional do with theories learned?
A professional theorizes and seeks practical application of those theories.
p.96
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What types of individuals do nurses assist according to Henderson's definition?
Both sick and healthy individuals.
p.42
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What does holistic care in nursing involve?
Dealing with all factors and variables affecting the body, mind, and spirit.
p.65
Core Competencies in Nursing
How did nurses contribute to nursing knowledge during the Research Era?
By participating in and developing nursing knowledge to provide evidence-based data into practice.
p.89
Types of Nursing Theories
How do Middle-range theories differ from grand theories?
They are more narrow in scope than grand theories.
p.114
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does occupation refer to?
Work that takes up a person’s time and energies.
p.109
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What role does theory play in nursing research?
Theory provides direction for nursing research.
p.73
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
Who assisted nurses in practical nursing during the pragmatism era?
Educated nurses and health care workers.
p.36
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is one of the primary goals of nursing as defined by the ANA?
To prevent illness and injury.
p.25
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What does Nightingale suggest about the status of nursing among the Fine Arts?
She suggests that nursing is one of the Fine Arts, possibly the finest of them all.
p.37
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What must nurses maintain in their practice?
A delicate balance between art and science.
p.73
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What aspects did pragmatism in nursing emphasize?
The patient's problems, disabilities, disease, and providing prompt diagnosis and interventions.
p.41
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is essential for safe and quality nursing practice?
A synergy of theoretical knowledge, clinical experience, and technical skills.
p.112
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the ultimate purpose of a professional's job?
To understand their role and contribution within the broader context of their profession.
p.37
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What differentiates nurses from one another and from other health practitioners?
Warm sensitivity in their practice.
p.40
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is an example of a technical skill in nursing?
The art of finding a vein to inject a needle for parenteral infusion.
p.50
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was emphasized in the care of patients during the educated period?
Clean environment and good sanitation.
p.62
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was Florence Nightingale's vision for nurses?
She envisioned nurses as a body of educated women.
p.28
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the ultimate goal of the nurse in client care?
To achieve a healthy client.
p.80
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the basis for the development of nursing theories?
The findings of research.
p.98
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What do nurses seek to promote between the human and environmental energy fields?
Symphonic interaction to strengthen coherence and integrity.
p.78
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What did Florence Nightingale assess about nursing?
That it cannot be purely instinctual but also intellectual.
p.54
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was a significant issue regarding the education of nurses during the Dark Ages?
Nurses were uneducated in the proper care of the sick and dying.
p.98
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How should nurses coordinate the human field according to Rogers's theory?
With the rhythmicity of the environmental field.
p.107
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is the first assumption of Parse's human becoming theory?
Human becoming is freely choosing personal meaning in situations in the inter-subjective process of relating value priorities.
p.97
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is the concept of unity according to Martha E. Rogers?
Unity man is an irreducible, four-dimensional energy field identified by pattern.
p.54
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What were the living and working conditions of nurses during the Dark Ages?
They lived and worked in appalling and filthy environments.
p.62
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
How did nursing evolve throughout the century?
Nurses worked toward the development of nursing as a profession through successive historical eras.
p.57
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What principles did Florence Nightingale introduce for injured soldiers?
Personal and communal hygiene.
p.51
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What is known as the Golden Age of Nursing?
A period marked by advancements in nursing practices and education.
p.50
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
Who were the key figures that led the way to modern nursing?
Kaisserswerth and Nightingale.
p.17
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What do nurses teach patients and their families?
Self-care and health maintenance.
p.63
Evolution of Nursing Education
What question did the Curriculum Era address regarding nursing education?
What prospective nurses should study to learn how to be a nurse.
p.32
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
In what ways do nurses participate in health policy?
By shaping health policies and participating in health systems management.
p.12
Meta-paradigm of Nursing
What does the concept of Environment refer to in nursing?
The internal and external surroundings that affect the patient, including people in the physical environment such as families, friends, and significant others.
p.71
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
How is nursing work viewed in the context of asceticism?
As a form of charity from which hard work in nursing has originated.
p.68
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What became obvious as understanding of research and knowledge development increased?
That research without theory produced isolated information.
p.65
Evolution of Nursing Education
What characterized the Research Era in nursing?
An explosion of nurses seeking knowledge through research.
p.54
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was the status of nurses during the Dark Ages?
It reached the lowest level imaginable.
p.108
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How is nursing theory primarily used in education?
To establish the profession's place in the university.
p.29
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is the fourth goal of nursing as an art?
To prevent the recurrence of the problem or new problems that cause anxiety, disability, or distress.
p.50
Evolution of Nursing Education
What type of institutions were built for the mass education of nurses?
Hospital nursing schools.
p.54
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
Who typically performed nursing during the Dark Ages?
Wayward women of ill-repute, those with low moral standards, or prostitutes, as well as imprisoned individuals released to serve in hospitals.
p.108
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
Where has nursing theory become more firmly established?
In academia than in clinical practice.
p.96
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the primary role of a nurse according to Virginia Henderson?
Assisting individuals to gain independence in meeting fundamental needs.
p.40
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
Why is nursing considered a multifaceted practice?
Because it requires a combination of theoretical knowledge and diverse technical skills.
p.109
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What do nurse scholars insist about nursing research?
It identifies the philosophical assumptions or theoretical frameworks on which it is based.
p.70
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What does the theory utilization era emphasize in nursing?
The use of philosophies, models, or theories in practice.
p.74
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
How did nursing change during the Humanism period?
It became more human-oriented and service-driven.
p.58
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What did Trinidad Tecson contribute to nursing in the Philippines?
She provided nursing care to wounded soldiers and set up hospitals.
p.51
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What period is referred to as the Dark Ages of Nursing?
A time characterized by a decline in the quality and organization of nursing care.
p.83
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What shift in focus has occurred in nursing due to theoretical works?
From a functional focus to a patient focus, emphasizing thought, decision-making, and action.
p.26
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What does the 'product' aspect of nursing art represent?
The result or outcome of nursing care, described as the improved functioning of the client.
p.86
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
How has scientific activity impacted nursing practice?
It has helped establish the evidence used to guide practice in the delivery of nursing care.
p.97
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
How does Rogers describe the characteristics of a human being?
Manifests characteristics different from the sum of the parts.
p.106
Core Competencies in Nursing
What method is used systematically for decision making in nursing?
The scientific problem-solving method.
p.9
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How do nursing theories contribute to knowledge?
They help organize and articulate our knowing and ask questions leading to new insights.
p.72
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
How were nurses perceived during the Romanticism period?
They were held in high regard due to their dress or white uniform.
p.102
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is the focus of primary prevention?
Protecting the normal line of defense and strengthening the flexible line of defense.
p.45
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Who can be considered a consumer in the context of nursing?
An individual, a group of people, or a community that uses a service or commodity.
p.40
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
Why is emphasis on technical skills important in nursing?
It is necessary for appropriate applications in various clinical situations.
p.69
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What does research do in relation to nursing theory?
Research investigates nursing phenomena and its findings can accept, refute, or revise existing theory.
p.28
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What should an empowered nurse do regarding the client's injection site?
Educate the client on the proper procedure for her own safety.
p.32
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the significance of research in nursing?
Research is essential for improving patient care and advancing nursing practices.
p.69
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
How did each era contribute to nursing knowledge?
Each era addressed nursing knowledge in a unique way that is observable in the history of nursing.
p.68
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is necessary to produce nursing science?
The combination of research and theory.
p.51
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What are superstitions and witchcraft associated with in nursing history?
They reflect early beliefs and practices in healthcare.
p.62
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
Where did Florence Nightingale establish a School of Nursing?
At St. Thomas’ Hospital in London.
p.80
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
Why are nursing theories continuously pursued?
To enhance nursing practice.
p.104
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What are the three intervention modes presented by Leininger?
1. Culture care preservation and maintenance. 2. Culture care accommodation, negotiation, or both. 3. Culture care restructuring and re-patterning.
p.119
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What do professionals achieve in their chosen profession?
Well-rewarded and satisfaction.
p.108
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What have many nursing programs done with major concepts?
Identified them into a conceptual framework and organized the curriculum around it.
p.59
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What did Florence Nightingale's nursing schools for women contribute to nursing?
They paved the way for systematizing the nursing program.
p.57
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What did Florence Nightingale identify as the main cause of soldier deaths during the Crimean War?
Infection due to unsanitary surroundings.
p.114
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the definition of occupation?
A person who is employed.
p.88
Types of Nursing Theories
To what instances of nursing are Grand Nursing Theories intended to be pertinent?
All instances of nursing.
p.87
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What method does rationalism emphasize for advancing knowledge?
A prior reasoning using deductive logic from cause and effect.
p.66
Evolution of Nursing Education
What did state policy in some countries encourage regarding nursing education?
The acquisition of graduate and postgraduate studies.
p.94
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What does Faye Glenn Abdellah's theory emphasize about nursing?
Nursing is based on an art and science that molds attitudes, competencies, and skills to help people cope with their health needs.
p.89
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What role do Middle-range theories play in nursing?
They offer an effective bridge between grand theories and practical application.
p.118
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What distinguishes a profession from routine activities?
A profession is based on knowledge.
p.28
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What contributes to the nurse's success in client care?
Interpersonal interaction with the client.
p.29
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What must a nurse go through to achieve the goals of nursing as an art?
The four components of nursing as an art.
p.83
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How have theoretical works impacted nursing education and practice?
They have elevated nursing to higher levels of education and practice, shifting focus from what nurses do to what nurses know.
p.62
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What marked the birth of modern nursing?
The establishment of the School of Nursing by Florence Nightingale.
p.109
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
Why is understanding philosophical assumptions important in nursing research?
Because all thinking, writing, and speaking is based on previous assumptions about people and the world.
p.117
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is a key characteristic of a career?
It involves having a life-long work commitment and promotes personal growth.
p.70
Core Competencies in Nursing
How is critical thinking defined in the context of nursing?
As an intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information.
p.90
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What do Nursing Practice Theories provide?
Frameworks for nursing interventions and predict outcomes and the impact of nursing practice.
p.94
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What are the key components of nursing according to Abdellah's theory?
Attitudes, intellectual competencies, and technical skills.
p.106
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What type of environment should nurses provide?
A supportive, protective, or corrective mental, physical, sociocultural, and spiritual environment.
p.95
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does 'Core' emphasize in Lydia Hall's theory?
The therapeutic use of self and the use of reflection.
p.126
Core Competencies in Nursing
What types of questions are typically included in a prelim exam?
Multiple choice, short answer, and essay questions.
p.105
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the second factor in Watson's human caring theory?
Instilling faith and hope.
p.105
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the fourth factor in Watson's human caring theory?
Developing a helping-trust (human care) relationship.
p.122
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the first key area of responsibility in patient care competencies?
Safe and quality nursing care.
p.122
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Why is quality improvement important in nursing?
It focuses on enhancing patient care and safety through systematic changes.
p.82
Evolution of Nursing Education
What advanced nursing program was developed alongside baccalaureate programs?
Master’s programs in nursing.
p.53
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
How were women who cared for the sick viewed by society during the middle ages?
They were avoided and looked down upon.
p.52
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was the basis of treatment for illness in the context of superstitions and witchcraft?
It was believed that sickness was a punishment for wrongdoing and a sign of evil spirits.
p.107
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What does the second assumption of Parse's theory emphasize?
Human becoming is co-creating rhythmic patterns or relating in mutual process with the universe.
p.65
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What did nursing leaders believe about research?
That new knowledge can be gained through research.
p.107
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is the focus of the third assumption in Parse's human becoming theory?
Human becoming is transcending multi-dimensionality, finding unique ways of living in many aspects of life, with the emerging possible.
p.59
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was restored back to women in the field of nursing?
Nursing itself was restored back to women.
p.117
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is the primary source of gratification in a job?
Monetary satisfaction or payment for hours worked.
p.81
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
How is a discipline dependent for its existence?
It is dependent on theory.
p.121
Core Competencies in Nursing
What does working in interdisciplinary teams involve?
Collaborating with professionals from various disciplines to provide comprehensive care.
p.59
Evolution of Nursing Education
What was the first nursing educational program in the Philippines?
University of Santo Tomas (Escuela de Practicantes).
p.121
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is the significance of employing evidence-based practice?
To ensure that nursing care is based on the best available research and clinical evidence.
p.120
Core Competencies in Nursing
How does culture relate to the characteristics of a profession?
It encompasses the shared values and practices within the profession.
p.121
Core Competencies in Nursing
How is informatics utilized in nursing?
By using technology and data to improve patient care and streamline processes.
p.95
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the Care Circle in Lydia Hall's theory?
A subconcept representing the nurturing aspect of nursing.
p.126
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
How can students prepare for a preliminary exam?
By reviewing lecture notes, textbooks, and practice questions.
p.105
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does the third factor in Watson's theory emphasize?
Cultivating sensitivity to one's self and others.
p.122
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the significance of research in nursing?
Research contributes to evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes.
p.110
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the first criterion used for analyzing nursing conceptual models and theories?
Clarity - 'How clear is the theory?'
p.61
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
How do contemporary nursing theories view nursing?
As both an art and a science.
p.104
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Why is Leininger's theory important for nurses?
It helps nurses assist people of diverse cultures.
p.58
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What did Rose Sevilla de Alvaro do during the Phil-American War?
Converted her house into quarters for Filipino soldiers.
p.117
Core Competencies in Nursing
How does a career differ from a job in terms of responsibility?
A career has increasing levels of responsibility, while a job does not.
p.26
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
Can the outcomes of the 'product' aspect in nursing care be observable?
Yes, they may or may not include observable outcomes.
p.57
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What measures did Florence Nightingale take to improve soldiers' health?
Obtained medical supplies, organized good food supply, and established sanitary conditions.
p.61
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What do contemporary nursing theories aim to unify?
The notion of nursing as both an art and a science.
p.52
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
Where is the belief in superstitions and witchcraft more prevalent?
In rural areas compared to urbanized cities.
p.120
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is the role of ethical codes in a profession?
To guide the behavior and decision-making of professionals.
p.116
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What is the origin of the word 'vocation'?
Derived from the Latin word 'vocare', meaning 'to call or to name'.
p.95
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does the Core Circle represent in Lydia Hall's theory?
The therapeutic use of self in nursing practice.
p.116
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What does vocation refer to in the context of nursing?
The talents and gifts God gave to man.
p.122
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What role does collaboration play in nursing responsibilities?
Collaboration is crucial for working effectively with other healthcare professionals.
p.84
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What has guided the development of nursing as a recognized profession?
The criteria for a profession.
p.99
Types of Nursing Theories
What is the supportive-educative system in Orem's nursing theory?
A nursing system that focuses on supporting and educating the patient to promote self-care.
p.98
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is the goal of directing and redirecting patterns of interaction between the two energy fields?
To promote maximum health potential.
p.59
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What types of training did nurses receive during Florence Nightingale's time?
Training to work in hospitals, with the poor, and to teach.
p.67
Evolution of Nursing Education
What era developed alongside the Research Era in nursing?
The Graduate Education Era.
p.101
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the focus of nursing interventions in Neuman's systems model?
Retaining or maintaining system stability.
p.70
Core Competencies in Nursing
What are the sources of information for critical thinking in nursing?
Observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication.
p.86
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What do nurses desire to understand through scientific inquiry?
The unknown, including causes, effects, and the significance of interventions.
p.97
Meta-paradigm of Nursing
What is the nature of interaction between humans and their environment according to Rogers?
Interacts continuously and creatively with the environment.
p.106
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is promoted through interpersonal teaching-learning?
Effective communication and understanding between nurse and patient.
p.87
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What approach is associated with empiricism?
The inductive method, which formulates generalizations from collected facts.
p.95
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does 'Care' represent in Lydia Hall's theory?
Nurturance and is exclusive to nursing.
p.106
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What do existential-phenomenological forces refer to in nursing?
Aspects from outside the individual or their area of control.
p.67
Core Competencies in Nursing
What roles were nurses being prepared for through doctorate programs?
Research and teaching roles in nursing.
p.105
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the first factor in Watson's human caring theory?
Forming a humanistic-altruistic system of values.
p.122
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does legal responsibility entail for nurses?
It involves adhering to laws and regulations governing nursing practice.
p.84
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What role do theories and research play in nursing?
They are vital to the discipline and profession, ensuring the separation of new theory-based knowledge.
p.82
Evolution of Nursing Education
What types of nursing programs proliferated during this period?
University baccalaureate programs.
p.61
Types of Nursing Theories
What is a key characteristic of established nursing theories?
Each provides a unique perspective and is distinct from other nursing theories.
p.81
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What does the term 'discipline' refer to in an academic context?
A branch of education, a department of learning, or a domain of knowledge.
p.121
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is the first core competency in nursing?
Provide patient-centered care.
p.70
Core Competencies in Nursing
What is the purpose of critical thinking in nursing?
To guide belief and action.
p.67
Evolution of Nursing Education
What significant change occurred with the move of nursing into higher learning?
A search for a substantive body of knowledge.
p.51
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What defines professional nursing?
A field characterized by formal education, ethical standards, and a commitment to patient care.
p.81
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What is the definition of a 'profession'?
A specialized field of practice founded on the theoretical structure of the science or knowledge of the discipline and accompanying practice abilities.
p.106
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is one of the key roles of nurses regarding human needs?
Assisting with the gratification of human needs.
p.121
Core Competencies in Nursing
What does applying quality improvement entail?
Implementing strategies to enhance patient care and outcomes.
p.95
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What are the major concepts included in Lydia Hall's theory?
Individual, Health, Society and Environment, Nursing.
p.103
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What does Sister Callista Roy's adaptation model define adaptation as?
The process and outcome whereby the thinking and feeling person uses conscious awareness and choice to create human and environmental integration.
p.116
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
How is nursing described in relation to vocation?
Nursing is not only a profession but also a vocation.
p.116
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What is necessary for someone to stay in the nursing profession?
Only those who have the real calling will be able to stay in the profession to serve those in need.
p.103
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the fourth mode individuals respond to needs in the Roy adaptation model?
The interdependence mode.
p.122
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the importance of health education in nursing?
It is a key area of responsibility for promoting patient understanding and wellness.
p.122
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What does management of resources and environment involve in nursing?
It includes effectively utilizing resources to provide optimal patient care.
p.85
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What does the quote 'Theory without practice is empty and practice without theory is blind' imply?
It emphasizes the interdependence of theory and practice in nursing; both are essential for effective nursing care.
p.91
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does Nightingale's Environmental Theory link health to?
Five environmental factors.
p.110
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What aspect does the accessibility criterion focus on in nursing theories?
It focuses on 'How accessible is this theory?'
p.52
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What are some beings from another dimension that clients believe can cause illness?
Beings like the 'tikbalang' or 'dwende'.
p.87
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What is the central idea of empiricism?
Scientific knowledge can be derived only from sensory experience.
p.67
Evolution of Nursing Education
Why did master's degree programs in nursing emerge?
To meet the public need for nurses with specialized clinical nursing education.
p.114
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is the primary motivator for a person's occupation?
Monetary compensation and satisfaction of personal goals.
p.120
Core Competencies in Nursing
What does community sanction refer to in the context of a profession?
The approval and support from the community.
p.67
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What was introduced to students in nursing master's programs?
Early nursing theorists and the knowledge development process.
p.67
Evolution of Nursing Education
What advanced programs did nurses start to pursue?
Doctorate programs from a wide range of related disciplines.
p.126
Evolution of Nursing Education
What is the purpose of a preliminary exam?
To assess knowledge and understanding of the course material before the final exam.
p.105
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What does Watson's human caring theory refer to as the 'Core of Nursing'?
A guide outlining essential factors for nursing practice.
p.122
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
How does personal and professional development relate to nursing responsibilities?
Continuous development is essential for maintaining competency and improving patient care.
p.85
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What is the significance of nursing theory?
It provides a framework for practice, ensuring that practice is informed and guided by theoretical knowledge.
p.82
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
What was the goal of developing knowledge in nursing practice?
To establish a knowledge base for nursing practice.
p.99
Types of Nursing Theories
What defines a partly compensatory system in Orem's theory?
A nursing system where both the nurse and the patient share the responsibility of care.
p.110
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does the generality criterion evaluate in nursing theories?
It evaluates 'How general is this theory?'
p.110
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is assessed by the importance criterion in nursing theories?
It assesses 'How important is this theory?'
p.90
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What can be described or developed as Nursing Practice Theories?
Nursing questions, actions, and procedures.
p.86
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is the significance of interventions in nursing?
To increase the effectiveness of nursing care.
p.57
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What was the significance of the lamp Florence Nightingale carried?
It comforted soldiers at night, earning her the title 'Lady with the Lamp'.
p.97
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What role does a sentient being play in change according to Rogers?
Participates creatively in change.
p.81
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
What distinguishes a profession from a discipline?
A profession is based on practical application of theoretical knowledge, while a discipline is focused on academic knowledge.
p.92
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What type of relationship do nurses enter into with individuals according to Peplau?
A personal relationship when a need is present.
p.116
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
How is vocation related to serving God and neighbor?
It is God's own choosing of a way of life in which man will best serve God and neighbor.
p.126
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What is the significance of passing a preliminary exam in nursing education?
It often determines eligibility to continue in the program or take advanced courses.
p.116
Philosophical Views in Nursing Theory
Who can choose nursing as a profession?
Everyone is welcome to choose nursing as a profession.
p.105
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does the fifth factor in Watson's theory promote?
Accepting the expression of positive and negative feelings.
p.122
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What are ethico-moral responsibilities in nursing?
They involve making ethical decisions and maintaining moral integrity in patient care.
p.82
Evolution of Nursing Education
What was a significant development in nursing education during the last half of the 20th century?
The entry of nurses into baccalaureate and higher degree programs in universities.
p.99
Types of Nursing Theories
What is a wholly compensatory system in Orem's nursing theory?
A nursing system where the nurse provides total care for the patient.
p.91
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the fifth environmental factor linked to health in Nightingale's theory?
Light, especially direct sunlight.
p.109
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
How do the relationships of components in a theory influence nursing research?
They help to drive the research questions for understanding nursing.
p.51
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What role did military nursing play in history?
It provided organized care for soldiers and influenced nursing practices.
p.59
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
What inspired others to train in the 'Nightingale way'?
Florence Nightingale's tireless efforts.
p.66
Evolution of Nursing Education
Who must have a master's degree according to the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002?
Chief nurse, director of nursing service, dean of college of nursing, and administrators of health care agencies.
p.94
Nursing as an Art, Science, and Practice
What is the ultimate goal of nursing as per Abdellah's theory?
To help people, sick or well, cope with their health needs.
p.67
Types of Nursing Theories
What did most nursing master’s programs begin to include?
Courses in concept development or nursing models.
p.52
Historical Foundations of Professional Nursing
Do beliefs in superstitions and witchcraft still exist today?
Yes, there are still individuals who believe in them.
p.95
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the focus of 'Cure' in Lydia Hall's theory?
Nursing related to the physician's orders.
p.56
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Who is the patron saint of nurses known for her service to the poor and sick in Hungary?
St. Elizabeth of Hungary.
p.95
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What is the Cure Circle in Lydia Hall's theory?
The aspect of nursing that relates to following physician's orders.
p.122
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
Why is communication considered a key area of responsibility in nursing?
Effective communication is essential for patient care and collaboration.
p.122
Roles and Responsibilities of Nurses
What is records management in the context of nursing?
It involves maintaining accurate and confidential patient records.
p.84
Nursing Theories and Their Importance
Why is nursing theory essential for the existence of nursing as an academic discipline?
It is vital to the practice of professional nursing.
p.99
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What are the three main components of Orem's theory?
The Self-Care, The Self-Care Deficit, and The Nursing Systems.
p.82
Evolution of Nursing Education
What was realized through accreditation in nursing education?
A standardized curriculum.
p.110
Concepts and Components of Nursing Theory
What does the simplicity criterion assess in nursing theories?
It assesses 'How simple is the theory?'
