Logo
memo(formerly PDF2Anki)
What is the primary purpose of a sling in first aid? A) To perform CPR B) To immobilize an injured arm or shoulder C) To treat burns D) To apply pressure to a wound E) To support a broken leg
B) To immobilize an injured arm or shoulder Explanation: A sling is used in first aid to immobilize an injured arm or shoulder, providing support and preventing further injury.
What is the purpose of the Kendrick's Extrication Device? A) To perform chest compressions B) To immobilize the head and neck C) To assist in lifting heavy objects D) To stabilize patients during transport E) To provide fluid resuscitation
B) To immobilize the head and neck Explanation: The Kendrick's Extrication Device is used to immobilize a patient's head and neck during extrication, particularly in situations involving vehicle accidents, to prevent further injury.
1/182
p.42
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the primary purpose of a sling in first aid?
A) To perform CPR
B) To immobilize an injured arm or shoulder
C) To treat burns
D) To apply pressure to a wound
E) To support a broken leg

B) To immobilize an injured arm or shoulder
Explanation: A sling is used in first aid to immobilize an injured arm or shoulder, providing support and preventing further injury.

p.5
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the purpose of the Kendrick's Extrication Device?
A) To perform chest compressions
B) To immobilize the head and neck
C) To assist in lifting heavy objects
D) To stabilize patients during transport
E) To provide fluid resuscitation

B) To immobilize the head and neck
Explanation: The Kendrick's Extrication Device is used to immobilize a patient's head and neck during extrication, particularly in situations involving vehicle accidents, to prevent further injury.

p.5
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

Which of the following is NOT considered basic first aid equipment?
A) Spine Board
B) Short Board
C) Stethoscope
D) Kendrick's Extrication Device
E) First Aid Kit

C) Stethoscope
Explanation: While a stethoscope is a useful medical tool, it is not categorized as basic first aid equipment like the Spine Board, Short Board, or Kendrick's Extrication Device.

p.46
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the Palm Bandage of Open Hand primarily used for?
A) To treat burns
B) To secure a dressing on a hand injury
C) To apply a splint
D) To immobilize a leg
E) To cover a head wound

B) To secure a dressing on a hand injury
Explanation: The Palm Bandage of Open Hand is specifically designed to secure dressings on injuries to the hand, providing necessary support and protection.

p.35
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What is a sprain primarily caused by?
A) Torn fibers in a muscle
B) Torn fibers in a ligament
C) Fractured bone
D) Dislocated joint
E) Bruised skin

B) Torn fibers in a ligament
Explanation: A sprain is specifically caused by the tearing of fibers in a ligament, which connects bones at a joint, leading to varying degrees of injury.

p.16
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Which pulse is used to assess circulation in adults and children?
A) Brachial Pulse
B) Femoral Pulse
C) Carotid Pulse
D) Radial Pulse
E) Dorsalis Pedis Pulse

C) Carotid Pulse
Explanation: The carotid pulse is specifically noted for assessing circulation in both adults and children, making it a critical point for evaluating blood flow.

p.39
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the primary use of a triangular bandage?
A) To secure a splint
B) To create a tourniquet
C) To hold dressings in place
D) To immobilize a limb
E) To provide support and stabilization

E) To provide support and stabilization
Explanation: The primary use of a triangular bandage is to provide support and stabilization for injuries, making it a versatile tool in first aid.

p.39
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the first phase of using a triangular bandage called?
A) Knot Phase
B) Open Phase
C) Cravat Phase
D) Broad Phase
E) Narrow Phase

B) Open Phase
Explanation: The first phase of using a triangular bandage is referred to as the Open Phase, which involves unfolding the bandage for initial application.

p.45
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is a key characteristic of the palm pressure bandage technique?
A) It uses a rigid material
B) It applies pressure with the palm of the hand
C) It is only used on arms
D) It requires special equipment
E) It is ineffective for bleeding control

B) It applies pressure with the palm of the hand
Explanation: The palm pressure bandage technique involves using the palm of the hand to apply direct pressure to a bleeding area, which is crucial for controlling hemorrhaging.

p.5
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is a Spine Board primarily used for in first aid?
A) To transport patients with suspected spinal injuries
B) To administer CPR
C) To bandage wounds
D) To provide oxygen
E) To check vital signs

A) To transport patients with suspected spinal injuries
Explanation: A Spine Board is specifically designed to immobilize and transport patients with suspected spinal injuries, ensuring their safety during transport.

p.35
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What characterizes a 1st degree sprain?
A) Completely torn ligament
B) Partly torn ligament
C) Stretched ligament
D) Torn muscle fibers
E) Fractured bone

C) Stretched ligament
Explanation: A 1st degree sprain results in a stretched ligament, indicating a mild injury without significant tearing.

p.35
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

Which degree of sprain involves a partly torn ligament?
A) 1st degree
B) 2nd degree
C) 3rd degree
D) Acute sprain
E) Chronic sprain

B) 2nd degree
Explanation: A 2nd degree sprain is characterized by a partly torn ligament, representing a moderate injury that may require medical attention.

p.2
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

What does first aid include when medical assistance is not available?
A) Only professional medical treatment
B) Self-help and home care
C) Transportation to a hospital
D) Waiting for emergency services
E) None of the above

B) Self-help and home care
Explanation: First aid encompasses self-help and home care measures when medical assistance is unavailable or delayed, highlighting the importance of initial care until professional help can be obtained.

p.27
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What is a wound defined as?
A) A bruise on the skin
B) A break in the continuity of a tissue of the body
C) A cut that does not bleed
D) A burn on the skin
E) A fracture of a bone

B) A break in the continuity of a tissue of the body
Explanation: A wound is specifically defined as a break in the continuity of a tissue of the body, which can be either internal or external, indicating the nature of soft tissue injuries.

p.43
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

Which of the following body parts is NOT included in the Cravat Phase?
A) Ear
B) Cheek
C) Jaw
D) Nose
E) Forehead

D) Nose
Explanation: The Cravat Phase includes the forehead, eye, ear, cheek, and jaw, but does not mention the nose, making it the correct answer.

p.40
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What does the term 'Open Phase' refer to in a medical context?
A) The initial assessment of a patient
B) The state of a wound
C) A phase in a surgical procedure
D) The exposure of a body part for treatment
E) The recovery phase of a patient

D) The exposure of a body part for treatment
Explanation: The 'Open Phase' typically refers to the stage where a body part is exposed for examination or treatment, which is crucial in first aid and medical procedures.

p.26
Objectives of First Aid

Which objective is crucial for ensuring that the body receives sufficient oxygen during shock?
A) To maintain normal body temperature
B) To ensure an adequate supply of oxygen
C) To increase physical activity
D) To reduce stress levels
E) To promote sleep

B) To ensure an adequate supply of oxygen
Explanation: Ensuring an adequate supply of oxygen is essential during shock management, as oxygen is vital for cellular function and overall recovery.

p.39
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What does the cravat phase of a triangular bandage involve?
A) Folding the bandage into a triangle
B) Creating a sling
C) Tying a knot
D) Applying pressure to a wound
E) Securing a splint

B) Creating a sling
Explanation: The cravat phase involves folding the triangular bandage to create a sling, which is used to support an injured arm or shoulder.

p.39
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

In the context of a triangular bandage, what does 'broad' refer to?
A) The width of the bandage
B) The length of the bandage
C) The type of knot used
D) The phase of application
E) The color of the bandage

A) The width of the bandage
Explanation: 'Broad' refers to the width of the triangular bandage, which can be used to provide wider coverage for injuries.

p.46
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the purpose of the Cravat Phase in first aid?
A) To apply pressure to a wound
B) To immobilize a joint
C) To support a bandage
D) To elevate a limb
E) To clean a wound

C) To support a bandage
Explanation: The Cravat Phase is used to support a bandage, helping to secure dressings in place effectively during first aid procedures.

p.42
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What does an intact collar bone indicate?
A) It is broken
B) It is dislocated
C) It is in a normal, healthy state
D) It requires immediate surgery
E) It is infected

C) It is in a normal, healthy state
Explanation: An intact collar bone means that it is not injured and is functioning normally, indicating no fractures or dislocations.

p.6
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the primary purpose of splints in first aid?
A) To provide warmth
B) To immobilize injured limbs
C) To support breathing
D) To clean wounds
E) To stop bleeding

B) To immobilize injured limbs
Explanation: Splints are used in first aid primarily to immobilize injured limbs, preventing further injury and allowing for safe transportation of the injured person.

p.40
Definition and Importance of First Aid

Which area is referred to as 'Topside' in the context of anatomy?
A) The feet
B) The back
C) The head
D) The abdomen
E) The arms

C) The head
Explanation: 'Topside' commonly refers to the uppermost part of the body, which includes the head, indicating its importance in various medical assessments.

p.12
Shock: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

What are some other causes of respiratory arrest besides obstruction and diseases?
A) Only electrocution
B) Circulatory collapse, drowning, poisoning, etc.
C) Only drowning
D) Only poisoning
E) None of the above

B) Circulatory collapse, drowning, poisoning, etc.
Explanation: Other causes of respiratory arrest include a variety of factors such as circulatory collapse, drowning, and poisoning, which can all lead to inadequate breathing.

p.26
First Aid and Preventive Management of Shock

What body position is important in the management of shock?
A) Sitting upright
B) Lying flat on the back
C) Proper body position
D) Standing
E) Lying on the stomach

C) Proper body position
Explanation: The proper body position is crucial in shock management to facilitate blood circulation and improve the patient's condition.

p.26
First Aid and Preventive Management of Shock

What is an important aspect of transferring a patient in shock?
A) To do it quickly without care
B) To ensure proper transfer
C) To carry them upright
D) To leave them unattended
E) To move them to a higher elevation

B) To ensure proper transfer
Explanation: Proper transfer is essential in shock management to avoid exacerbating the patient's condition and to provide continuous support during movement.

p.8
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the primary purpose of a dressing in first aid?
A) To provide warmth
B) To cover the wound
C) To immobilize the body part
D) To support the arm
E) To prevent bleeding

B) To cover the wound
Explanation: Dressings are sterile cloth materials used primarily to cover wounds, helping to control bleeding and protect the wound from infection.

p.45
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the purpose of a cravat bandage?
A) To immobilize a fracture
B) To apply pressure to a wound
C) To secure dressings in place
D) To provide warmth
E) To assist in breathing

C) To secure dressings in place
Explanation: A cravat bandage is primarily used to secure dressings in place, making it an essential tool in first aid for managing wounds effectively.

p.43
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

In addition to the forehead and eye, which other areas are specified in the Cravat Phase?
A) Wrist and ankle
B) Ear, cheek, and jaw
C) Chest and back
D) Thigh and calf
E) Abdomen and pelvis

B) Ear, cheek, and jaw
Explanation: The Cravat Phase outlines the forehead and eye, as well as the ear, cheek, and jaw, indicating the specific areas of application in first aid.

p.6
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the function of poles in first aid?
A) To help with breathing
B) To create a shelter
C) To assist in carrying a stretcher
D) To provide warmth
E) To clean wounds

C) To assist in carrying a stretcher
Explanation: Poles are often used in first aid to assist in carrying a stretcher, making it easier to transport injured individuals safely.

p.6
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

Why are blankets important in first aid?
A) To provide hydration
B) To prevent shock and maintain body temperature
C) To clean wounds
D) To immobilize limbs
E) To support breathing

B) To prevent shock and maintain body temperature
Explanation: Blankets are crucial in first aid for preventing shock and maintaining body temperature, especially in cases of injury or exposure to cold.

p.36
Causes of Sprain

What is a common cause of a sprain?
A) Overexertion in exercise
B) A fall or sudden twist
C) Inadequate hydration
D) Poor nutrition
E) Excessive stretching

B) A fall or sudden twist
Explanation: Sprains commonly result from falls, sudden twists, or blows to the body that force a joint out of its normal position, highlighting the nature of the injury.

p.19
Cardiac Arrest and CPR Techniques

What happens during cardiac arrest?
A) Heart rate increases
B) Circulation ceases and vital organs are deprived of oxygen
C) Blood pressure rises
D) Breathing becomes rapid
E) Body temperature increases

B) Circulation ceases and vital organs are deprived of oxygen
Explanation: During cardiac arrest, circulation stops, which leads to vital organs being deprived of oxygen, making it a critical medical emergency that requires immediate action.

p.4
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

What is a common hindrance in giving first aid?
A) Clear communication
B) Unfavorable surroundings
C) Adequate training
D) Supportive bystanders
E) Availability of medical supplies

B) Unfavorable surroundings
Explanation: Unfavorable surroundings can significantly hinder the ability to provide effective first aid, making it difficult to assess the situation or administer assistance safely.

p.24
Signs and Symptoms of Shock

Which symptom might a person in early shock experience?
A) Increased appetite
B) Nausea and vomiting
C) Excessive energy
D) Clear vision
E) Heightened reflexes

B) Nausea and vomiting
Explanation: Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms in the early stages of shock, often resulting from the body's physiological response to stress.

p.2
Definition and Importance of First Aid

What is the primary purpose of first aid?
A) To provide long-term medical treatment
B) To give immediate care to an injured or ill person
C) To diagnose medical conditions
D) To perform surgeries
E) To prescribe medications

B) To give immediate care to an injured or ill person
Explanation: First aid is defined as the immediate care provided to someone who has been injured or suddenly taken ill, emphasizing its role in urgent situations.

p.16
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Which pulse is primarily assessed in infants to check circulation?
A) Radial Pulse
B) Carotid Pulse
C) Brachial Pulse
D) Femoral Pulse
E) Popliteal Pulse

C) Brachial Pulse
Explanation: The brachial pulse is used to assess circulation in infants, as it is more accessible and reliable for this age group compared to other pulse points.

p.45
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

Which body part is specifically associated with palm pressure bandages?
A) Head
B) Knee
C) Elbow
D) Ankle
E) Wrist

B) Knee
Explanation: Palm pressure bandages are often used on the knee area to apply direct pressure to control bleeding or to support the joint.

p.38
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What signs indicate that a bandage might be too tight?
A) The area beyond the wound changes color
B) The victim feels warmer in the area
C) The bandage appears loose
D) The wound stops bleeding
E) The area smells bad

A) The area beyond the wound changes color
Explanation: Signs that a bandage is too tight include changes in color, tingling sensations, feeling cool, or swelling in the area beyond the wound, which indicate that circulation may be compromised.

p.35
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What is the defining characteristic of a 3rd degree sprain?
A) Stretched ligament
B) Partly torn ligament
C) Completely torn ligament
D) Minor ligament strain
E) Torn muscle fibers

C) Completely torn ligament
Explanation: A 3rd degree sprain is defined by a completely torn ligament, indicating a severe injury that often requires surgical intervention.

p.24
Signs and Symptoms of Shock

Which of the following skin characteristics is associated with early shock?
A) Warm and dry
B) Cold and clammy
C) Hot and sweaty
D) Smooth and soft
E) Oily and shiny

B) Cold and clammy
Explanation: The skin of a person in early shock is typically cold and clammy, which is a response to reduced blood circulation.

p.37
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What should be used to cover a wound with exposed body tissue or organs?
A) Regular gauze
B) Plastic wrap or moistened gauze
C) A dry bandage
D) A towel
E) A piece of clothing

B) Plastic wrap or moistened gauze
Explanation: In cases where body tissue or organs are exposed, it is crucial to cover the wound with a dressing that will not stick, such as plastic wrap or moistened gauze, to prevent further injury.

p.43
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What areas of the body does the Cravat Phase cover?
A) Neck and shoulders
B) Forehead and eye
C) Arm and leg
D) Back and abdomen
E) Hand and foot

B) Forehead and eye
Explanation: The Cravat Phase specifically mentions the forehead and eye as key areas of focus, indicating its application in first aid or medical contexts.

p.42
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What is a common sign of an injured collar bone?
A) Swelling and bruising
B) Increased flexibility
C) Heightened strength
D) Complete mobility
E) No pain

A) Swelling and bruising
Explanation: An injured collar bone often presents with swelling and bruising, which are common signs of trauma or fracture in that area.

p.44
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

In which body parts is the Cravat Phase typically applied?
A) Head and Neck
B) Shoulder and Hip
C) Wrist and Ankle
D) Chest and Abdomen
E) Foot and Hand

B) Shoulder and Hip
Explanation: The Cravat Phase is specifically noted for its application on the shoulder and hip areas, indicating its relevance in first aid or medical contexts.

p.24
Signs and Symptoms of Shock

What color might the face of a person in early shock exhibit?
A) Bright red
B) Pale or cyanotic
C) Yellow
D) Green
E) Brown

B) Pale or cyanotic
Explanation: In the early stage of shock, the face may appear pale or cyanotic, indicating a lack of adequate blood flow and oxygen.

p.40
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

What does the term 'Face' encompass in anatomical terms?
A) The neck and shoulders
B) The frontal area of the head
C) The back of the head
D) The entire head
E) The upper torso

B) The frontal area of the head
Explanation: The term 'Face' typically refers to the frontal area of the head, which is significant in first aid assessments, especially for injuries.

p.33
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What is a characteristic of a superficial burn?
A) Causes blisters
B) Involves only the outer layer of skin
C) Destroys all skin layers
D) Requires skin grafting
E) Causes severe pain and swelling

B) Involves only the outer layer of skin
Explanation: Superficial burns, also known as 1st degree burns, affect only the outer layer of skin and are typically characterized by redness and minor pain, such as that caused by sunburn.

p.33
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

Which of the following is an example of a partial thickness burn?
A) Sunburn
B) Scald from hot water
C) Chemical burn
D) Electrical burn
E) Frostbite

B) Scald from hot water
Explanation: Partial thickness burns, or 2nd degree burns, are exemplified by injuries such as blisters or scalds from hot water, indicating that they penetrate deeper than superficial burns.

p.33
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What degree of burn is classified as superficial?
A) 1st Degree
B) 2nd Degree
C) 3rd Degree
D) 4th Degree
E) None of the above

A) 1st Degree
Explanation: Superficial burns are classified as 1st degree burns, affecting only the outer layer of skin and typically causing minor pain and redness.

p.8
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

Which of the following is NOT a use of dressings?
A) Control bleeding
B) Protect the wound from infection
C) Absorb liquid from the wound
D) Hold the dressing in place
E) Cover the wound

D) Hold the dressing in place
Explanation: While dressings are used to cover wounds, it is the bandages that are specifically used to hold the dressing in place.

p.10
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the main goal of Basic Life Support (BLS)?
A) To cure diseases
B) To maintain life until recovery or advanced support is available
C) To provide psychological support
D) To diagnose medical conditions
E) To ensure proper nutrition

B) To maintain life until recovery or advanced support is available
Explanation: The primary goal of Basic Life Support (BLS) is to maintain life until the victim recovers or advanced life support becomes available, emphasizing its critical role in emergency situations.

p.21
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio for CPR with one rescuer?
A) 15:2
B) 30:2
C) 20:2
D) 10:1
E) 5:1

B) 30:2
Explanation: The compression-to-ventilation ratio for CPR with one rescuer is 30:2, which is essential for maintaining blood circulation and oxygenation.

p.32
Burns: Classification and First Aid Treatment

What can cause scald burns?
A) Cold water immersion
B) Scald from hot liquid
C) Exposure to sunlight
D) Insect stings
E) Friction with rough surfaces

B) Scald from hot liquid
Explanation: Scald burns are specifically caused by hot liquids, which can lead to serious injuries if proper care is not taken.

p.27
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What characterizes a closed wound?
A) It involves a break in the skin
B) It involves underlying tissue without skin damage
C) It is always visible on the surface
D) It is a type of burn
E) It requires immediate surgery

B) It involves underlying tissue without skin damage
Explanation: A closed wound is characterized by the involvement of underlying tissue without any break or damage to the skin or mucous membrane, distinguishing it from open wounds.

p.38
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What is the primary consideration when applying a bandage?
A) It should be loose enough to fall off
B) It should fit snugly but not cut off circulation
C) It should be made of cotton only
D) It should be applied without any pressure
E) It should be applied only by professionals

B) It should fit snugly but not cut off circulation
Explanation: A bandage should fit snugly to secure the wound but must not restrict circulation or cause discomfort to the victim, ensuring proper blood flow and comfort.

p.45
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What is a common application for a knee bandage?
A) To treat burns
B) To control bleeding
C) To stabilize a fracture
D) To support a sprain
E) To prevent infection

D) To support a sprain
Explanation: Knee bandages are commonly used to support sprains, providing stability and reducing pain during the healing process.

p.38
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

Which factors influence bandaging techniques?
A) Weather conditions
B) Size and location of the wound
C) The victim's age
D) The time of day
E) The bandage color

B) Size and location of the wound
Explanation: Bandaging techniques depend on the size and location of the wound, the first aid skills of the person applying the bandage, and the materials available, which are essential for effective treatment.

p.37
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the minimum size requirement for a dressing used on a wound?
A) It should be the same size as the wound
B) It should extend at least 1 inch beyond the edges of the wound
C) It should be less than 1 inch larger than the wound
D) It should only cover the wound
E) It should be 2 inches larger than the wound

B) It should extend at least 1 inch beyond the edges of the wound
Explanation: The guideline specifies that a dressing must be large enough to extend at least 1 inch beyond the edges of the wound to ensure proper coverage and protection.

p.24
Signs and Symptoms of Shock

What is a common breathing pattern in the early stage of shock?
A) Deep and regular
B) Slow and steady
C) Irregular
D) Rapid and smooth
E) Very slow

C) Irregular
Explanation: Breathing may become irregular in the early stages of shock, reflecting the body's response to stress and inadequate oxygenation.

p.30
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What is a common cause of lacerations?
A) Chemical burns
B) Sharp objects
C) Fire-related injuries
D) Heavy lifting
E) Slipping on wet surfaces

B) Sharp objects
Explanation: Lacerations are commonly caused by sharp objects, including knives and broken glass, which create jagged cuts in the skin.

p.37
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

How should a dressing be secured after covering a wound?
A) With a second dressing
B) With adhesive tapes or a bandage
C) With a safety pin
D) With a piece of string
E) With a clip

B) With adhesive tapes or a bandage
Explanation: After covering a wound with an appropriate dressing, it should be secured with either a bandage or adhesive tapes to keep it in place and provide protection.

p.19
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What are the two main components of CPR?
A) Chest compression and rescue breathing
B) Chest compression and defibrillation
C) Rescue breathing and medication
D) Chest compression and monitoring
E) Rescue breathing and recovery position

A) Chest compression and rescue breathing
Explanation: CPR involves a combination of chest compressions and rescue breathing, both of which are essential for effective resuscitation of a victim experiencing cardiac arrest.

p.9
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Which of the following is NOT a component of Basic Life Support?
A) Chest compressions
B) Rescue breaths
C) Automated external defibrillator (AED) use
D) Surgical intervention
E) Assessing the scene for safety

D) Surgical intervention
Explanation: Surgical intervention is not a component of Basic Life Support (BLS); BLS focuses on immediate interventions such as chest compressions, rescue breaths, and the use of an AED.

p.8
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What type of material is a bandage typically made from?
A) Only sterile cloth
B) Any clean cloth material, sterile or not
C) Plastic
D) Rubber
E) Metal

B) Any clean cloth material, sterile or not
Explanation: Bandages can be made from any clean cloth material, whether sterile or not, and are used to secure dressings in place.

p.15
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What does 'L - Listen' refer to in the ABC assessment?
A) Listening for heartbeats
B) Listening for air
C) Listening for speech
D) Listening for coughs
E) Listening for gurgling sounds

B) Listening for air
Explanation: 'L - Listen' involves listening for air movement, which is critical to determine if the patient is breathing adequately.

p.46
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What type of injury would the Foot bandage be most appropriate for?
A) A head injury
B) A wrist sprain
C) A foot injury
D) A shoulder dislocation
E) A knee bruise

C) A foot injury
Explanation: The Foot bandage is designed specifically for injuries to the foot, allowing for proper support and compression as needed.

p.12
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is respiratory arrest?
A) A condition where breathing is normal
B) A condition in which breathing stops or is inadequate
C) A condition that only affects children
D) A condition that occurs during sleep
E) A condition that only affects athletes

B) A condition in which breathing stops or is inadequate
Explanation: Respiratory arrest refers to a serious medical condition where breathing has either stopped completely or is insufficient, necessitating immediate intervention.

p.26
Objectives of First Aid

What is one of the primary objectives of first aid in cases of shock?
A) To increase body weight
B) To improve circulation of blood
C) To reduce blood pressure
D) To enhance muscle strength
E) To promote digestion

B) To improve circulation of blood
Explanation: One of the main objectives of first aid in managing shock is to improve blood circulation, which is critical for restoring normal physiological function.

p.39
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

Which of the following is a type of knot used with a triangular bandage?
A) Bowline
B) Square knot
C) Clove hitch
D) Fisherman's knot
E) Overhand knot

B) Square knot
Explanation: The square knot is commonly used with a triangular bandage to secure it in place, ensuring that it remains effective during use.

p.38
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What should be done if the wound starts to swell after bandaging?
A) Apply more pressure to the bandage
B) Leave the bandage as it is
C) Loosen the bandage
D) Remove the bandage completely
E) Apply ice to the bandage

C) Loosen the bandage
Explanation: If the wound starts to swell, it is important to loosen the bandage to prevent further restriction of blood flow and to alleviate discomfort for the victim.

p.25
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

Which of the following is a characteristic of the late stage of a medical condition?
A) High energy levels
B) Sunken eyes with vacant expression
C) Increased alertness
D) Normal blood pressure
E) Bright, clear skin

B) Sunken eyes with vacant expression
Explanation: In the late stage of a medical condition, a person may exhibit sunken eyes with a vacant expression, indicating a significant decline in responsiveness and overall health.

p.25
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

What does the appearance of dilated pupils indicate in a late-stage condition?
A) Increased hydration
B) Normal physiological response
C) Potential neurological impairment
D) Enhanced sensory perception
E) Improved consciousness

C) Potential neurological impairment
Explanation: Dilated pupils in a late-stage condition may indicate potential neurological impairment, suggesting a serious decline in the individual's health status.

p.7
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

Which item in a first aid kit is used to prevent infection in a wound?
A) Cotton swab
B) Bandage scissor
C) Alcohol
D) Triangular bandage
E) Occlusive dressing

C) Alcohol
Explanation: Alcohol is used to disinfect and clean wounds, helping to prevent infection before applying other dressings or bandages.

p.31
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the first step in managing severe bleeding from an incision?
A) Clean the wound
B) Control Bleeding
C) Consult a physician
D) Apply mild antiseptics
E) Cover the wound with a bandage

B) Control Bleeding
Explanation: The first step in managing severe bleeding is to control the bleeding, which is crucial to prevent further complications and stabilize the victim.

p.24
Signs and Symptoms of Shock

What general feeling might a person in early shock experience?
A) Hyperactivity
B) Weakness
C) Euphoria
D) Calmness
E) Agitation

B) Weakness
Explanation: Weakness is a prevalent symptom in the early stages of shock, reflecting the body's inability to maintain adequate blood flow and energy levels.

p.8
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is a key use of bandages in first aid?
A) To cover the wound
B) To absorb liquid from the wound
C) To keep splints in place
D) To provide warmth
E) To clean the wound

C) To keep splints in place
Explanation: Bandages are used for various purposes, including keeping splints in place, controlling bleeding, and immobilizing body parts.

p.10
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Which of the following is NOT a component of Basic Life Support (BLS)?
A) Recognizing respiratory arrest
B) Performing CPR
C) Using advanced medical technology
D) Recognizing cardiac arrest
E) Providing initial emergency care

C) Using advanced medical technology
Explanation: Basic Life Support (BLS) does not involve advanced medical technology; it focuses on recognizing emergencies and performing CPR, making it accessible to laypersons and first responders.

p.12
Shock: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

Which of the following is NOT a cause of respiratory arrest?
A) Obstruction
B) Diseases
C) Electrocution
D) Healthy lifestyle
E) Drowning

D) Healthy lifestyle
Explanation: A healthy lifestyle is not a cause of respiratory arrest, while obstruction, diseases, and other factors like electrocution and drowning can lead to this condition.

p.12
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Which of the following is a common cause of respiratory arrest?
A) Regular exercise
B) Obstruction
C) Healthy eating
D) Proper hydration
E) Adequate sleep

B) Obstruction
Explanation: Obstruction is a well-known cause of respiratory arrest, as it can block the airway and prevent proper breathing.

p.26
First Aid and Preventive Management of Shock

What is a recommended first aid measure to maintain normal body temperature in shock?
A) Increase physical activity
B) Use cold compresses
C) Ensure proper body heat
D) Provide hot drinks
E) Expose the body to air

C) Ensure proper body heat
Explanation: Maintaining proper body heat is important in first aid for shock, as it helps to stabilize the patient’s condition and prevent further complications.

p.7
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

Which of the following is NOT typically included in a basic first aid kit?
A) Alcohol
B) Betadine
C) Forceps
D) Stethoscope
E) Sterile gauze

D) Stethoscope
Explanation: A stethoscope is not usually included in a basic first aid kit, as it is more specialized equipment used for listening to heart and lung sounds, whereas the other items listed are essential for basic first aid.

p.36
Causes of Sprain

Which of the following actions can lead to a sprain?
A) Sitting for long periods
B) Landing on an outstretched arm
C) Drinking plenty of water
D) Eating a balanced diet
E) Stretching before exercise

B) Landing on an outstretched arm
Explanation: Landing on an outstretched arm is a specific action that can cause a sprain by forcing a joint out of its normal position.

p.36
Causes of Sprain

What is the first recommended treatment for a sprain within the first day?
A) Apply heat immediately
B) Elevate the joint only
C) Apply a cold compress for 20 minutes
D) Ignore the injury
E) Massage the joint

C) Apply a cold compress for 20 minutes
Explanation: The initial treatment for a sprain involves applying a cold compress for 20 minutes within the first 3-4 hours to reduce swelling and pain.

p.15
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What does the 'A' in ABC stand for in checking for consciousness?
A) Awareness
B) Airway
C) Activity
D) Assessment
E) Alertness

B) Airway
Explanation: In the ABC method for checking consciousness, 'A' stands for Airway, which is the first step to ensure that the airway is clear and unobstructed for effective breathing.

p.21
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the approximate heart rate during CPR for adults?
A) 60 beats/min
B) 80 beats/min
C) 100 beats/min
D) 120 beats/min
E) 140 beats/min

C) 100 beats/min
Explanation: The standard heart rate during CPR for adults is approximately 100 beats per minute, which is crucial for effective chest compressions.

p.19
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Why is it important to combine chest compressions with rescue breathing during CPR?
A) To increase the heart rate
B) To ensure effective resuscitation of the victim
C) To keep the victim calm
D) To monitor vital signs
E) To prevent choking

B) To ensure effective resuscitation of the victim
Explanation: Combining chest compressions with rescue breathing is crucial for effective resuscitation, as it helps maintain circulation and oxygenation of vital organs during cardiac arrest.

p.22
Shock: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

What does hypovolemia refer to in the context of shock?
A) Excessive blood volume
B) Insufficient blood volume
C) Normal blood volume
D) Increased heart rate
E) Inability to breathe

B) Insufficient blood volume
Explanation: Hypovolemia refers to a condition where there is an insufficient volume of blood in the body, which can lead to shock as the body struggles to circulate enough blood to maintain function.

p.13
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Which of the following is NOT a method of ventilating the lungs?
A) Mouth-to-mouth
B) Mouth-to-nose
C) Mouth-to-stoma
D) Mouth-to-bag
E) Mouth-to-mask

D) Mouth-to-bag
Explanation: The term 'Mouth-to-bag' is not listed as a recognized method of ventilating the lungs, while the other options are valid techniques for rescue breathing.

p.32
Burns: Classification and First Aid Treatment

What type of burn can result from immersion in overheated bath water?
A) Chemical burn
B) Electrical burn
C) Scald burn
D) Radiation burn
E) Friction burn

C) Scald burn
Explanation: Immersion in overheated bath water can lead to scald burns, which are caused by hot liquids, demonstrating the risks associated with very hot water.

p.34
Burns: Classification and First Aid Treatment

What type of burn is characterized by exposure of bones?
A) First Degree Burn
B) Second Degree Burn
C) Full Thickness Burn (3rd Degree)
D) Superficial Burn
E) Chemical Burn

C) Full Thickness Burn (3rd Degree)
Explanation: Full thickness or 3rd degree burns are severe burns that can expose bones, indicating significant damage to the skin and underlying tissues.

p.44
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

Which of the following pairs of body parts is NOT associated with the Cravat Phase?
A) Arm and Leg
B) Shoulder and Hip
C) Head and Neck
D) Wrist and Ankle
E) Shoulder and Arm

C) Head and Neck
Explanation: The Cravat Phase is associated with the shoulder and hip, as well as the arm and leg, but not with the head and neck, making this the correct choice.

p.30
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What type of injury is caused by blunt instruments such as knives and rocks?
A) Abrasion
B) Laceration
C) Avulsion
D) Puncture
E) Contusion

B) Laceration
Explanation: A laceration is specifically caused by blunt instruments, such as knives, rocks, and broken glass, resulting in a tear or cut in the skin.

p.30
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

Which of the following causes an avulsion?
A) A fall on a hard surface
B) A deep cut from a knife
C) An explosion
D) A scrape from a rough surface
E) A burn from hot liquids

C) An explosion
Explanation: Avulsions can be caused by significant forces such as explosions, animal bites, or mishandling of tools, leading to the tearing away of skin or tissue.

p.24
Signs and Symptoms of Shock

What is the pulse like in a person experiencing early shock?
A) Slow and strong
B) Rapid and weak
C) Normal and steady
D) Thready and irregular
E) Strong and bounding

B) Rapid and weak
Explanation: In early shock, the pulse is often rapid and weak, indicating compromised circulation and a response to the body's stress.

p.30
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What type of injury results from mishandling tools?
A) Abrasion
B) Laceration
C) Avulsion
D) Fracture
E) Contusion

C) Avulsion
Explanation: Mishandling of tools can lead to avulsions, where tissue is forcibly detached from its normal position, often resulting in severe injuries.

p.36
Causes of Sprain

What should be done after 24 hours of a sprain?
A) Continue applying cold compress
B) Apply hot compress to the affected area
C) Start exercising the joint
D) Ignore the injury
E) Apply ice directly to the skin

B) Apply hot compress to the affected area
Explanation: After 24 hours, it is recommended to apply a hot compress to the affected area to promote healing and relieve discomfort.

p.1
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is one of the key components of Basic Life Support (BLS)?
A) Administering medication
B) Performing CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)
C) Providing psychological support
D) Conducting a full medical examination
E) Referring the patient to a specialist

B) Performing CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)
Explanation: One of the key components of Basic Life Support is performing CPR, which is crucial in emergencies involving cardiac arrest to maintain blood circulation and oxygenation.

p.36
Causes of Sprain

What should be done to the affected joint to help with healing?
A) Immobilize it completely
B) Elevate it with a pillow or clothing
C) Force it to move
D) Leave it in a normal position
E) Apply heat immediately

B) Elevate it with a pillow or clothing
Explanation: Elevating the affected joint with a pillow or clothing helps reduce swelling and aids in the healing process.

p.20
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the compression depth for adults during CPR?
A) Approximately ½ to 1 inch
B) Approximately 1 to 1 ½ inches
C) Approximately 1 ½ to 2 inches
D) Approximately 2 to 3 inches
E) Approximately 3 to 4 inches

C) Approximately 1 ½ to 2 inches
Explanation: The recommended depth for chest compressions in adults is approximately 1 ½ to 2 inches, which is vital for effective resuscitation.

p.20
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

For which age group should the compression area be adjusted to 1 finger between the imaginary nipple line?
A) Adults
B) Children
C) Infants
D) All age groups
E) None of the above

C) Infants
Explanation: For infants, the compression area is adjusted to 1 finger between the imaginary nipple line, which is necessary due to their smaller body size.

p.23
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

What does 'R' in 'PRICE' signify in the context of shock?
A) Rest
B) Recovery
C) Risk
D) Response
E) Regulation

A) Rest
Explanation: 'R' stands for Rest, which is crucial in managing shock as it helps to minimize further stress on the body.

p.3
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

What is an important step for a first aider when approaching a victim?
A) To start administering medication
B) To gain access to the victim
C) To call the victim's family
D) To perform a background check
E) To take photographs of the scene

B) To gain access to the victim
Explanation: Gaining access to the victim is essential for a first aider to assess the situation and provide necessary care effectively.

p.40
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Which part of the body is associated with the term 'Back of the Head'?
A) Forehead
B) Occipital region
C) Temporal lobe
D) Nasal area
E) Chin

B) Occipital region
Explanation: The 'Back of the Head' refers to the occipital region, which is crucial in assessing injuries or conditions related to the head.

p.4
Objectives of First Aid

What is one of the primary objectives of first aid?
A) To provide entertainment
B) To alleviate suffering
C) To diagnose medical conditions
D) To perform surgery
E) To prescribe medication

B) To alleviate suffering
Explanation: One of the main objectives of first aid is to alleviate suffering, ensuring that the individual receives immediate relief from pain or distress until further medical help is available.

p.4
Objectives of First Aid

Which of the following is NOT an objective of first aid?
A) To prolong life
B) To prevent added injury or danger
C) To provide emotional support
D) To alleviate suffering
E) To stabilize the victim's condition

C) To provide emotional support
Explanation: Providing emotional support is not listed as one of the primary objectives of first aid, which focuses on alleviating suffering, preventing further injury, and prolonging life.

p.19
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What does CPR stand for?
A) Cardiac Pulse Recovery
B) Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
C) Cardiac Pressure Regulation
D) Circulatory Pulse Rescue
E) Cardiovascular Performance Response

B) Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Explanation: CPR stands for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, a lifesaving technique used in emergencies when someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped.

p.1
Definition and Importance of First Aid

What is the primary goal of First Aid?
A) To diagnose medical conditions
B) To provide immediate care to prevent further injury or illness
C) To replace medical professionals
D) To offer long-term treatment
E) To ensure patient confidentiality

B) To provide immediate care to prevent further injury or illness
Explanation: The primary goal of First Aid is to provide immediate assistance in order to prevent further harm or complications until professional medical help arrives.

p.9
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the primary purpose of Basic Life Support (BLS)?
A) To provide long-term medical care
B) To stabilize a patient's condition until advanced medical help arrives
C) To diagnose medical conditions
D) To perform surgeries
E) To prescribe medications

B) To stabilize a patient's condition until advanced medical help arrives
Explanation: The primary purpose of Basic Life Support (BLS) is to provide immediate care to stabilize a patient's condition until more advanced medical assistance can be obtained.

p.7
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

Why are sterile gloves included in a first aid kit?
A) To keep the kit clean
B) To protect the first aider from infection
C) To apply pressure to wounds
D) To hold bandages in place
E) To clean surfaces

B) To protect the first aider from infection
Explanation: Sterile gloves are included in a first aid kit to protect the first aider from potential infections when treating wounds or handling bodily fluids.

p.18
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the recommended breathing rate for standardization purposes?
A) 10 to 15 breaths per minute
B) 20 to 24 breaths per minute
C) 30 to 35 breaths per minute
D) 40 to 45 breaths per minute
E) 50 to 55 breaths per minute

B) 20 to 24 breaths per minute
Explanation: The recommended breathing rate for standardization purposes is 20 to 24 breaths per minute, which equates to one breath every 4 to 5 seconds for a duration of 2 minutes.

p.13
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the primary purpose of rescue breathing?
A) To provide food
B) To supply oxygen to the lungs
C) To cool the body
D) To stimulate the heart
E) To remove water from the lungs

B) To supply oxygen to the lungs
Explanation: Rescue breathing is specifically designed to breathe air into a person's lungs to provide the necessary oxygen for survival, which is crucial in emergency situations.

p.32
Burns: Classification and First Aid Treatment

Which of the following can lead to electrical burns?
A) Defective heating, cooking, and electrical equipment
B) Using sunscreen
C) Wearing wet clothes
D) Eating hot food
E) Exposure to cold air

A) Defective heating, cooking, and electrical equipment
Explanation: Defective electrical equipment is a common cause of electrical burns, emphasizing the importance of maintaining appliances and equipment safely.

p.15
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What does 'F - Feel' indicate in the ABC assessment?
A) Feeling for pulse
B) Feeling of air
C) Feeling for temperature
D) Feeling for muscle rigidity
E) Feeling for swelling

B) Feeling of air
Explanation: 'F - Feel' refers to feeling for air movement, which helps to confirm whether the patient is breathing and whether the airway is clear.

p.34
Burns: Classification and First Aid Treatment

What is the recommended method to relieve pain from a burn?
A) Apply toothpaste to the burn
B) Immerse the burned area in cold water
C) Cover the burn with ice directly
D) Heat the area to reduce pain
E) Use a warm compress

B) Immerse the burned area in cold water
Explanation: Immersing the burned area in cold water or applying a wet, cold clean cloth is recommended to relieve pain from burns, helping to cool the affected skin.

p.3
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

When should a first aider summon advanced medical care?
A) Only if the victim asks for it
B) When they feel overwhelmed
C) As needed based on the victim's condition
D) After providing all possible care
E) Only if the victim is unconscious

C) As needed based on the victim's condition
Explanation: A first aider should call for advanced medical care whenever the situation requires it, particularly if the victim's condition is serious or deteriorating.

p.10
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What does Basic Life Support (BLS) primarily involve?
A) Surgical procedures
B) Recognizing respiratory or cardiac arrest and applying CPR
C) Administering medication
D) Using advanced medical equipment
E) Performing surgeries

B) Recognizing respiratory or cardiac arrest and applying CPR
Explanation: Basic Life Support (BLS) is an emergency procedure focused on recognizing respiratory or cardiac arrest and performing CPR to maintain life until further medical assistance is available.

p.10
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the purpose of Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)?
A) To provide first aid for minor injuries
B) To maintain breathing and circulation using special equipment
C) To perform CPR on infants
D) To assess mental health
E) To provide nutritional support

B) To maintain breathing and circulation using special equipment
Explanation: Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) involves the use of special equipment to maintain breathing and circulation for victims of cardiac emergencies, indicating a higher level of care than BLS.

p.10
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is Prolonged Life Support (PLS) used for?
A) Immediate first aid
B) Short-term resuscitation
C) Post resuscitative and long-term resuscitation
D) Preventative care
E) Pain management

C) Post resuscitative and long-term resuscitation
Explanation: Prolonged Life Support (PLS) is specifically designed for post resuscitative care and long-term resuscitation, indicating its role in ongoing support after initial emergency measures.

p.31
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What is an incision typically made with?
A) Pliers
B) Sharp bladed instruments (blades, razors, etc)
C) Scissors
D) A hammer
E) Tweezers

B) Sharp bladed instruments (blades, razors, etc)
Explanation: An incision is defined as a cut made with sharp bladed instruments, which include items like blades and razors, indicating the nature of the injury and the tools involved.

p.4
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

Which factor could complicate the provision of first aid?
A) The presence of medical professionals
B) The presence of crowds
C) A calm environment
D) Adequate lighting
E) Availability of first aid kits

B) The presence of crowds
Explanation: The presence of crowds can complicate the provision of first aid by creating chaos and making it difficult to access the victim or provide necessary assistance.

p.22
Shock: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

What is shock in medical terms?
A) An emotional response to trauma
B) A condition of elevated blood pressure
C) A depressed condition of many body functions due to insufficient blood circulation
D) A state of hyperactivity in the body
E) A temporary loss of consciousness

C) A depressed condition of many body functions due to insufficient blood circulation
Explanation: Shock is defined as a depressed condition affecting many body functions due to the failure of enough blood to circulate throughout the body, often following a serious injury.

p.32
Burns: Classification and First Aid Treatment

Which of the following is a common cause of burns?
A) Carelessness with matches and cigarette smoking
B) Excessive exercise
C) Exposure to cold weather
D) Insect bites
E) Consuming hot food

A) Carelessness with matches and cigarette smoking
Explanation: Carelessness with matches and cigarette smoking is listed as a common cause of burns, indicating the need for caution with fire and heat sources.

p.31
Shock: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

What should you do if a person shows signs of shock after an incision?
A) Ignore the symptoms
B) Care of shock
C) Give them food and drink
D) Move them around frequently
E) Leave them alone

B) Care of shock
Explanation: If a person shows signs of shock, it is essential to provide care for shock, which may include keeping them calm, lying down, and monitoring their condition until professional help arrives.

p.18
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

How many breaths should be taken in 2 minutes at a rate of 40 breaths per minute?
A) 60 breaths
B) 80 breaths
C) 40 breaths
D) 20 breaths
E) 100 breaths

B) 80 breaths
Explanation: At a rate of 40 breaths per minute, a person would take 80 breaths in 2 minutes, as 40 breaths multiplied by 2 equals 80.

p.23
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

Which factor is NOT part of the 'PRICE' acronym related to shock?
A) Rest
B) Ice
C) Compression
D) Elevation
E) Fatigue

E) Fatigue
Explanation: 'PRICE' stands for Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation. Fatigue is not included in this acronym, although it can be a contributing factor to shock.

p.13
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Which technique involves using a barrier to protect the rescuer during rescue breathing?
A) Mouth-to-mouth
B) Mouth-to-nose
C) Mouth-to-mask
D) Mouth-to-stoma
E) Mouth-to-face shield

C) Mouth-to-mask
Explanation: The Mouth-to-mask technique uses a mask as a barrier to protect the rescuer while providing rescue breathing, ensuring safety during the procedure.

p.13
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What method would you use for a person with a stoma?
A) Mouth-to-mouth
B) Mouth-to-nose
C) Mouth-to-stoma
D) Mouth-to-mask
E) Mouth-to-face shield

C) Mouth-to-stoma
Explanation: The Mouth-to-stoma method is specifically designed for individuals who have a stoma, allowing for effective ventilation in such cases.

p.3
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

What must a first aider determine when assessing a victim?
A) The victim's age
B) Any threats to the patient's life
C) The victim's occupation
D) The weather conditions
E) The time of day

B) Any threats to the patient's life
Explanation: Assessing any potential threats to the patient's life is a critical responsibility of a first aider to prioritize care and ensure the victim's safety.

p.7
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the purpose of using sterile gauze in a first aid kit?
A) To apply pressure to a wound
B) To clean surfaces
C) To administer medication
D) To hold bandages in place
E) To provide warmth

A) To apply pressure to a wound
Explanation: Sterile gauze is primarily used to apply pressure to a wound, helping to control bleeding and protect the area from infection.

p.20
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Where should compressions be applied during CPR for adults?
A) Upper left chest
B) Center of the chest between the imaginary nipple line
C) Lower abdomen
D) Right side of the chest
E) Back of the neck

B) Center of the chest between the imaginary nipple line
Explanation: For adults, compressions during CPR should be applied to the center of the chest, specifically between the imaginary nipple line, ensuring effective blood circulation.

p.32
Burns: Classification and First Aid Treatment

What is a burn?
A) An injury involving only the skin
B) An injury involving skin, muscles, bones, nerves, and blood vessels
C) A bruise caused by impact
D) A cut from sharp objects
E) An allergic reaction to substances

B) An injury involving skin, muscles, bones, nerves, and blood vessels
Explanation: A burn is defined as an injury that affects not only the skin but also deeper tissues, including muscles, bones, nerves, and blood vessels, highlighting its severity.

p.33
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

Which of the following statements is true about 2nd degree burns?
A) They only affect the outer layer of skin
B) They can cause blisters
C) They are less painful than 1st degree burns
D) They require no medical attention
E) They are the most severe type of burn

B) They can cause blisters
Explanation: 2nd degree burns, or partial thickness burns, can cause blisters and involve deeper layers of skin compared to 1st degree burns, making them more serious.

p.20
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What technique is used for compressions on infants during CPR?
A) Heel of one hand
B) Heel of one hand with the other hand on top
C) 2 fingers (middle and ring fingertips)
D) Full palm
E) Thumb only

C) 2 fingers (middle and ring fingertips)
Explanation: For infants, compressions should be performed using the 2 fingers technique (middle and ring fingertips), which is appropriate for their smaller chest size.

p.1
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a first aider?
A) Assessing the situation
B) Providing comfort to the patient
C) Diagnosing the patient's condition
D) Calling for professional help
E) Performing First Aid techniques

C) Diagnosing the patient's condition
Explanation: A first aider is not responsible for diagnosing medical conditions; instead, they provide immediate care and call for professional medical assistance.

p.23
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

What does the 'P' in the acronym 'PRICE' stand for regarding factors contributing to shock?
A) Pain
B) Pressure
C) Pulse
D) Prevention
E) Position

A) Pain
Explanation: In the context of shock, 'P' stands for Pain, which can contribute to the physiological stress on the body and potentially lead to shock.

p.9
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

In Basic Life Support, what is the first step when approaching an unresponsive adult?
A) Check for breathing
B) Call for emergency help
C) Begin chest compressions
D) Provide rescue breaths
E) Use an AED

B) Call for emergency help
Explanation: The first step when approaching an unresponsive adult in Basic Life Support is to call for emergency help to ensure that advanced medical assistance is on the way while you begin life-saving interventions.

p.17
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What method is used for rescue breathing in children?
A) Mouth to mouth only
B) Mouth to nose only
C) Mouth to mouth or Mouth to nose
D) Mouth to mouth and nose
E) Mouth to chest

C) Mouth to mouth or Mouth to nose
Explanation: For children, rescue breathing can be performed using either the mouth to mouth or mouth to nose method, providing flexibility in the technique.

p.18
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the timing for one breath at a rate of 40 breaths per minute?
A) 2 seconds
B) 3 seconds
C) 4 seconds
D) 5 seconds
E) 6 seconds

B) 3 seconds
Explanation: At a rate of 40 breaths per minute, one breath is taken every 3 seconds, which is part of the standardization process described.

p.17
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the recommended breath duration for infants during rescue breathing?
A) 1 to 1.5 seconds
B) 0.5 to 1 second
C) 2 seconds
D) Approximately 1 second
E) 3 seconds

B) 0.5 to 1 second
Explanation: For infants, the recommended breath duration during rescue breathing is between 0.5 to 1 second, which is crucial for their smaller lung capacity.

p.11
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

What is the first step in getting started with emergency action?
A) Gathering of needed materials
B) Planning of action
C) Activating medical assistance
D) Surveying the scene
E) Doing a primary survey of the victim

B) Planning of action
Explanation: The first step in getting started with emergency action is to plan the course of action, which is crucial for effective response in emergencies.

p.37
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

What is an important consideration when bandaging over a joint?
A) The bandage should be tight
B) The joint should be immobilized
C) The dressing should be small
D) The bandage should be removed
E) The joint should be flexible

B) The joint should be immobilized
Explanation: When bandaging over a joint, it is important to splint and make a bulky dressing to ensure that the joint remains immobilized, which aids in proper healing.

p.25
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

What is a common sign of very low blood pressure in late-stage conditions?
A) Increased heart rate
B) Normal skin color
C) Mottled appearance due to congested blood vessels
D) High body temperature
E) Clear consciousness

C) Mottled appearance due to congested blood vessels
Explanation: A mottled appearance resulting from congested blood vessels is a common sign associated with very low blood pressure in late-stage medical conditions, indicating poor circulation.

p.7
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

What is the function of a triangular bandage in a first aid kit?
A) To clean wounds
B) To provide support for a limb
C) To apply medication
D) To hold gauze in place
E) To cover a burn

B) To provide support for a limb
Explanation: A triangular bandage is versatile and can be used to support injured limbs, create slings, or secure dressings in place.

p.17
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the maximum head tilt position for opening the airway in adults during rescue breathing?
A) Neutral position
B) Maximum tilt of the head
C) Slight tilt forward
D) Slight tilt backward
E) Chin down position

B) Maximum tilt of the head
Explanation: For adults, the airway is opened using the head-tilt-chin-lift maneuver with a maximum tilt of the head to ensure proper airway alignment.

p.4
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

What pressure might a first aider face when providing assistance?
A) Pressure from medical authorities
B) Pressure from the victim or relatives
C) Pressure from bystanders to leave
D) Pressure from the environment
E) Pressure from the weather

B) Pressure from the victim or relatives
Explanation: First aiders may experience pressure from the victim or their relatives, which can complicate decision-making and the delivery of care during an emergency situation.

p.15
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the purpose of 'L - Look' in the ABC assessment?
A) To observe the patient's behavior
B) To see the level of rise and fall of the chest
C) To check for skin color
D) To watch for pupil reaction
E) To assess muscle tone

B) To see the level of rise and fall of the chest
Explanation: 'L - Look' refers to visually observing the patient's chest to check for the level of rise and fall, which indicates effective breathing.

p.22
Shock: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

What is relative hypovolemia?
A) A decrease in blood pressure
B) A condition where blood volume appears normal but is inadequate for circulation
C) A complete loss of blood volume
D) An increase in blood flow
E) A temporary state of shock

B) A condition where blood volume appears normal but is inadequate for circulation
Explanation: Relative hypovolemia occurs when the blood volume seems normal but is insufficient for adequate circulation, often due to vasodilation or other factors affecting blood distribution.

p.21
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

How is counting standardized during CPR?
A) Count to 10, then breathe
B) Count to 20, then breathe
C) Count to 30, then breathe
D) Count to 15, then breathe
E) Count to 5, then breathe

B) Count to 20, then breathe
Explanation: Standardized counting during CPR involves counting to 20 before administering breaths, ensuring consistency in the process.

p.23
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

Which of the following is a factor that can contribute to shock?
A) Proper handling
B) Continuous bleeding
C) Adequate hydration
D) Warm environment
E) Rest

B) Continuous bleeding
Explanation: Continuous bleeding is a significant factor that can lead to shock as it results in a loss of blood volume and can severely affect circulation.

p.23
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

What does 'E' in 'PRICE' represent?
A) Energy
B) Elevation
C) Emergency
D) Exercise
E) Endurance

B) Elevation
Explanation: 'E' stands for Elevation, which is important in managing shock as it helps reduce swelling and promotes blood circulation back to the heart.

p.20
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the recommended depth for chest compressions in children?
A) Approximately ½ to 1 inch
B) Approximately 1 to 1 ½ inches
C) Approximately 1 ½ to 2 inches
D) Approximately 2 to 3 inches
E) Approximately 3 to 4 inches

B) Approximately 1 to 1 ½ inches
Explanation: The recommended depth for chest compressions in children is approximately 1 to 1 ½ inches, which is crucial for effective CPR.

p.25
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

What might occur in the late stage of a medical condition regarding consciousness?
A) Heightened awareness
B) Unconsciousness may occur
C) Complete recovery
D) Increased communication
E) Improved motor skills

B) Unconsciousness may occur
Explanation: In the late stage of a medical condition, unconsciousness may occur, reflecting a critical deterioration in the patient's health and responsiveness.

p.31
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What should be done after controlling the bleeding in a severe incision?
A) Leave the wound uncovered
B) Cover the wound with dressing and secure with a bandage
C) Apply ice directly on the wound
D) Ignore the wound
E) Wait for the bleeding to stop on its own

B) Cover the wound with dressing and secure with a bandage
Explanation: After controlling the bleeding, it is important to cover the wound with a dressing and secure it with a bandage to protect it from infection and further injury.

p.22
Shock: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

Which of the following is NOT a basic cause of shock?
A) Pump failure
B) Hypovolemia
C) Relative hypovolemia
D) High blood pressure
E) Blood loss

D) High blood pressure
Explanation: High blood pressure is not a basic cause of shock. The basic causes include pump failure, hypovolemia, and relative hypovolemia, which relate to the heart's ability to pump blood and the volume of blood available.

p.21
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

How many cycles of CPR should be performed in approximately 2 minutes?
A) 2 cycles
B) 5 cycles
C) 10 cycles
D) 15 cycles
E) 20 cycles

B) 5 cycles
Explanation: For effective CPR, approximately 5 cycles are performed in 2 minutes, regardless of the number of rescuers.

p.17
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Which pulse location is used to check for a pulse in infants?
A) Carotid pulse
B) Brachial pulse
C) Radial pulse
D) Femoral pulse
E) Temporal pulse

B) Brachial pulse
Explanation: In infants, the brachial pulse, located on the inner aspect of the upper arm, is used to check for a pulse, as it is more accessible than the carotid pulse.

p.18
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What mnemonic is suggested for counting breaths?
A) Breathe, 1, 100
B) Breathe, 1, 1000
C) Breathe, 1, 10
D) Breathe, 1, 1002
E) Breathe, 1, 10000

D) Breathe, 1, 1002
Explanation: The mnemonic suggested for counting breaths is 'Breathe, 1, 1002', which helps in standardizing the timing of breaths.

p.22
Shock: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

What is a common sign of shock?
A) Increased energy levels
B) Elevated body temperature
C) Rapid heartbeat and low blood pressure
D) Improved mental clarity
E) Heightened reflexes

C) Rapid heartbeat and low blood pressure
Explanation: A common sign of shock is a rapid heartbeat combined with low blood pressure, indicating that the body is struggling to maintain adequate circulation and function.

p.18
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the maximum number of breaths counted in the provided counting method?
A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40
E) 50

A) 10
Explanation: The counting method described goes up to 10, indicating that the breaths are counted sequentially from 1 to 10 for standardization.

p.37
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What is the purpose of using moistened gauze on a wound?
A) To keep the wound dry
B) To prevent the dressing from sticking
C) To absorb blood
D) To make the wound look better
E) To provide warmth

B) To prevent the dressing from sticking
Explanation: Moistened gauze is used to cover wounds with exposed tissue because it prevents the dressing from sticking to the wound, which can cause further damage when removed.

p.15
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What does the 'B' in ABC signify when checking for consciousness?
A) Breathing
B) Blood circulation
C) Body temperature
D) Brain activity
E) Blood pressure

A) Breathing
Explanation: The 'B' in ABC stands for Breathing, which involves assessing the patient's ability to breathe effectively by observing the rise and fall of the chest.

p.25
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

What happens to body temperature in the late stage of a medical condition?
A) It rises significantly
B) It remains stable
C) It falls
D) It fluctuates widely
E) It increases slightly

C) It falls
Explanation: In the late stage of a medical condition, the body temperature typically falls, indicating a severe decline in physiological functions and overall health.

p.9
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the recommended compression-to-breath ratio for adult CPR in Basic Life Support?
A) 15:1
B) 30:2
C) 20:2
D) 40:2
E) 10:1

B) 30:2
Explanation: The recommended compression-to-breath ratio for adult CPR in Basic Life Support is 30 compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths, ensuring effective circulation and oxygenation.

p.8
Essential First Aid Equipment and Supplies

Which of the following is a specific use for a sling?
A) To cover a wound
B) To absorb liquid from a wound
C) For arm support
D) To control bleeding
E) To clean a wound

C) For arm support
Explanation: A sling is specifically used for arm support, helping to immobilize the arm and provide stability.

p.1
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the first step in Basic Life Support (BLS) when encountering an unresponsive person?
A) Begin CPR immediately
B) Call for emergency help
C) Check for a pulse
D) Administer rescue breaths
E) Move the person to a comfortable position

B) Call for emergency help
Explanation: The first step in Basic Life Support when encountering an unresponsive individual is to call for emergency help to ensure that professional medical assistance is on the way while you prepare to provide care.

p.34
Burns: Classification and First Aid Treatment

What should you do if cold water is unavailable for treating a burn?
A) Use hot water instead
B) Drink any cold liquid to reduce the skin's temperature
C) Apply ice directly to the burn
D) Leave the burn untreated
E) Use a heating pad

B) Drink any cold liquid to reduce the skin's temperature
Explanation: If cold water is not available, drinking any cold liquid can help reduce the burned skin's temperature, providing some relief.

p.1
Hindrances in Providing First Aid

What is a common hindrance in providing First Aid?
A) Availability of medical supplies
B) Clear communication
C) Panic or anxiety in the first aider
D) Knowledge of First Aid techniques
E) Support from bystanders

C) Panic or anxiety in the first aider
Explanation: Panic or anxiety can significantly hinder a first aider's ability to provide effective care, making it difficult to perform necessary actions calmly and efficiently.

p.21
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

What is the compression-to-ventilation ratio for CPR with two rescuers?
A) 30:2
B) 15:2
C) 10:1
D) 5:1
E) 20:2

B) 15:2
Explanation: When two rescuers are present, the compression-to-ventilation ratio changes to 15:2, allowing for more effective ventilation.

p.9
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Which device is commonly used in Basic Life Support to restore a normal heart rhythm?
A) Stethoscope
B) Sphygmomanometer
C) Automated external defibrillator (AED)
D) Thermometer
E) Glucometer

C) Automated external defibrillator (AED)
Explanation: An Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is commonly used in Basic Life Support to restore a normal heart rhythm in cases of cardiac arrest, providing a critical intervention.

p.17
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

How long should each breath take during rescue breathing for adults?
A) 0.5 to 1 second
B) 1 to 1.5 seconds
C) Approximately 1 second
D) 2 seconds
E) 3 seconds

C) Approximately 1 second
Explanation: Each breath during rescue breathing for adults should take approximately 1 second, which is enough to make the chest rise.

p.13
Basic Life Support (BLS) Procedures

Which of the following methods is used to ventilate the lungs with a device?
A) Mouth-to-nose
B) Mouth-to-mask
C) Mouth-to-mouth
D) Through bag valve mask device
E) Mouth-to-face shield

D) Through bag valve mask device
Explanation: The bag valve mask device is a specialized tool used to ventilate the lungs effectively, providing a higher concentration of oxygen compared to manual methods.

p.34
Burns: Classification and First Aid Treatment

How should you cover a burn area?
A) With a wet cloth
B) With a dry, non-sticking, sterile dressing
C) With any type of fabric
D) With ice directly
E) With toothpaste

B) With a dry, non-sticking, sterile dressing
Explanation: It is essential to cover the burn area with a dry, non-sticking, sterile dressing to protect it from infection and further injury.

p.11
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

What is the correct order of actions in the AID acronym?
A) Intervene, Ask for help, Do no further harm
B) Ask for help, Intervene, Do no further harm
C) Do no further harm, Intervene, Ask for help
D) Intervene, Do no further harm, Ask for help
E) Ask for help, Do no further harm, Intervene

B) Ask for help, Intervene, Do no further harm
Explanation: The AID acronym stands for Ask for help, Intervene, and Do no further harm, which provides a clear sequence of actions to take in an emergency.

p.31
Types of Wounds and Their Treatment

What is the appropriate action for minor bleeding from an incision?
A) Apply a tourniquet
B) Clean the wound with soap and water
C) Leave it uncovered
D) Use a sharp instrument to reopen the wound
E) Cover it with a heavy cloth

B) Clean the wound with soap and water
Explanation: For minor bleeding, the appropriate action is to clean the wound with soap and water to reduce the risk of infection before applying antiseptics and covering it with a bandage.

p.3
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

What should a first aider ensure before providing assistance?
A) The weather is clear
B) The location is well-lit
C) The safety of themselves and bystanders
D) The presence of medical equipment
E) The victim is conscious

C) The safety of themselves and bystanders
Explanation: Ensuring personal and bystander safety is crucial for a first aider before they can effectively assist the victim, preventing further harm during the emergency.

p.34
Burns: Classification and First Aid Treatment

What should NOT be used as a treatment for burns?
A) Cold water
B) Clean cloth
C) Dry dressing
D) Toothpaste
E) Cold liquid

D) Toothpaste
Explanation: Toothpaste should not be used as treatment for burns, as it can irritate the skin and worsen the injury.

p.3
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

What is one of the primary roles of a first aider?
A) To operate heavy machinery
B) To bridge the gap between the victim and the physician
C) To provide legal advice
D) To manage financial transactions
E) To conduct scientific research

B) To bridge the gap between the victim and the physician
Explanation: A primary responsibility of a first aider is to connect the victim with professional medical care, ensuring timely assistance and support until further help arrives.

p.3
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

What should a first aider do after providing care to a victim?
A) Leave the scene
B) Record all findings and care given
C) Distract the victim
D) Discuss the incident with bystanders
E) Take a break

B) Record all findings and care given
Explanation: Documenting all findings and the care provided is essential for continuity of care and for informing medical professionals when they arrive.

p.11
Emergency Action Principles

What is the purpose of conducting a primary survey of the victim?
A) To gather materials
B) To assess the scene
C) To evaluate the victim's condition
D) To activate medical assistance
E) To instruct other helpers

C) To evaluate the victim's condition
Explanation: The primary survey of the victim is conducted to quickly assess their condition and identify any life-threatening issues that need immediate attention.

p.11
Roles and Responsibilities of a First Aider

What does the 'I' in the AID acronym stand for?
A) Initiate
B) Intervene
C) Inspect
D) Invite
E) Inform

B) Intervene
Explanation: In the AID acronym, 'I' stands for Intervene, which emphasizes taking action to help the victim after assessing the situation.

p.11
Emergency Action Principles

Which of the following is NOT part of the Emergency Action Principles?
A) Survey the scene
B) Do a primary survey of the victim
C) Activate medical assistance
D) Gather needed materials
E) Do secondary survey of the victim

D) Gather needed materials
Explanation: Gathering needed materials is part of getting started but is not one of the Emergency Action Principles, which focus on assessing and responding to the emergency.

Study Smarter, Not Harder
Study Smarter, Not Harder