The continuous process of rock formation, breakdown, and reformation.
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.
From the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
The alteration of existing rocks due to heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids.
It breaks down rocks into smaller particles that can form sediments.
It explains how rocks change over time and the processes involved in their transformation.
Naturally-occurring coherent aggregates of minerals or solid materials such as natural glass and organic matter.
In the lithosphere.
It is derived from the Greek word 'lithos,' meaning 'stone.'
The accumulation and compaction of sediments.
From slowly cooling magma below the surface.
The rigid, rocky, outermost part of the Earth.
Chemical sedimentary rocks, clastic sedimentary rocks, and organic sedimentary rocks.
Crystalline sedimentary rocks.
It is a dynamic cycle of processes and products.
Foliated, where pressure is the dominant altering factor.
Quartzite.
A type of igneous rock.
Basalt.
Quartz, feldspar, and mica.
Granite or basalt.
A type of igneous rock.
On both the Earth's surface and underneath.
Pyroclastic igneous rocks.
Intrusive or plutonic rocks.
Halite.
The Latin word 'sedentarius', which means sitting.
Underneath the Earth’s surface, but not as deep as igneous rocks.
Sandstone or limestone.
Through non-foliated (crystalline) processes, where heat is the dominant altering factor.
Granite.
Sandstone and conglomerate.
Sedimentary rocks.
Particles that vary in size and composition.
A model that describes all the processes by which rocks are formed, modified, transported, decomposed, melted, and reformed.
Granite.
Coal.
Changes in texture due to the recrystallization of minerals.
Quartzite.
Pyroxene and plagioclase.
Marble.
The crust and the upper mantle.
Extrusive or volcanic rocks.
Formed from the cementation of sediments that have been deposited, buried, and compacted over time.
Igneous rocks.
Igneous rocks.
Sedimentary rocks.
Quartzite.
From the compaction or cementation of animal or plant remains (bioclasts).
Granite.
Gneiss.
Gypsum.
It comes from the Latin word 'igneus', meaning 'fiery' or 'on fire'.
From the consolidation of particles erupted by explosive volcanic activity on the surface.
Basalt.
From the precipitation of minerals from ions in solutions.
Sandstone, halite, conglomerate, and coquina.
Slate.
They produce multiple bands of rocks aligned to the axis of pressure.
Breccia.
Uplift and exposure, weathering and erosion, transportation.
Metamorphic rocks.
A type of igneous rock.
Basalt.
Clastic, chemical, and organic processes.
Magma.
Pre-existing parent rocks (igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic) altered by heat, pressure, and chemical activity of fluids.
Metamorphism, meaning 'change in form'.
Metamorphic rocks.
On the surface from rapidly cooling lava, underground from slowly cooling magma, and through volcanic activity.
Coquina.
Gneiss.
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.
At higher temperatures than other rocks.
It has a banded or foliated appearance.
Based on whether the individual grains are angular or rounded.
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.
By cooling and solidifying magma or lava.
Marble or schist.
Products of the lithification of particles produced by the weathering of other pre-existing rocks.
Metamorphism.
A type of igneous rock.
