p.11
Gap Junctions and Intercellular Communication
What is the primary function of plasmodesmata?
Communication, such as sharing sucrose.
p.4
Eukaryotic Cell Overview
What are biological fibres?
Long polymers found outside of Eukaryotic cells.
p.15
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What is collagen?
Collagen is a protein that provides structure and strength to various tissues in the body.
p.20
Vitamins and Their Role in Collagen Synthesis
Which enzyme requires Vitamin C to modify collagens?
The enzyme that modifies collagens.
p.25
Gap Junctions and Intercellular Communication
What is the primary function of gap junctions?
To share amino acids and other small molecules between cells.
p.22
Desmosomes and Cell Adhesion
What is the primary function of desmosomes?
Desmosomes hold cells together.
p.24
Tight Junctions and Cell Sealing
What is the function of tight junctions in cells?
To halt the movement of extracellular fluid and membrane proteins.
p.5
S. cerevisiae Structure and Function
What are the cell walls of S. cerevisiae made of?
Chitin fibres and other polysaccharides.
p.22
Desmosomes and Cell Adhesion
What is the primary function of hemidesmosomes?
Hemidesmosomes hold cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM).
p.8
Plant Cell Walls and Composition
What is the function of the middle lamella in plant cells?
It acts as a cementing layer between the cell walls of adjacent plant cells.
p.27
Functions of Cell Wall Components
Which extracellular structure in plant and animal cells protects cells?
Cell wall in plant cells and extracellular matrix in animal cells.
p.11
Gap Junctions and Intercellular Communication
What is the structure of plasmodesmata?
Tubes made of plasma membrane.
p.25
Gap Junctions and Intercellular Communication
What are gap junctions made of?
Tubes made of integral membrane proteins.
p.4
Functions of Cell Wall Components
What are cellulose fibres made from?
Cellulose polysaccharides.
p.15
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What role does collagen play in the body?
Collagen provides structural support and strength to tissues.
p.15
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What happens to collagen as we age?
Collagen production decreases, leading to wrinkles and weaker connective tissues.
p.16
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What is the primary function of muscle cells?
Muscle cells are responsible for movement and contraction.
p.2
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What is the final section of Lecture 11 about?
Summary of eukaryotic cell exteriors.
p.6
S. cerevisiae Structure and Function
What is the scientific name for the common yeast used in baking and brewing?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
p.18
Vitamins and Their Role in Collagen Synthesis
What are vitamins?
Small organic molecules that we must get in our diet.
p.8
Plant Cell Walls and Composition
What are plasmodesmata?
Channels that allow transport and communication between adjacent plant cells.
p.6
S. cerevisiae Structure and Function
What is the role of the cell wall in yeast cells?
The cell wall provides structural support and protection to the yeast cell.
p.23
Tight Junctions and Cell Sealing
What is the primary structure of tight junctions?
Chains of integral membrane proteins.
p.17
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and return carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.
p.16
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What is the main role of nerve cells?
Nerve cells, or neurons, transmit electrical signals throughout the body.
p.27
Tight Junctions and Cell Sealing
Which extracellular structure in plant and animal cells seals the space between cells?
Tight junctions in animal cells.
p.6
S. cerevisiae Structure and Function
What type of reproduction is common in yeast cells?
Yeast cells commonly reproduce asexually through a process called budding.
p.21
Desmosomes and Cell Adhesion
What is the structure of desmosomes?
Desmosomes are protein discs connected to the cytoskeleton.
p.9
Functions of Cell Wall Components
What is the role of cellulose synthase?
To synthesize cellulose fibres from glucose monomers.
p.14
Vitamins and Their Role in Collagen Synthesis
What is the composition of collagen proteins?
Three polypeptides (α1 + α1 + α2).
p.17
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What role do fibroblast cells play in the body?
They are responsible for the synthesis of extracellular matrix and collagen, playing a critical role in wound healing and tissue repair.
p.15
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
How does collagen contribute to the skin's properties?
Collagen helps maintain skin elasticity and firmness.
p.2
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What is the primary focus of Lecture 11?
Eukaryotic cell exteriors.
p.15
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
Where is collagen commonly found in the body?
Collagen is commonly found in skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments.
p.8
Plant Cell Walls and Composition
What is the role of the cell membrane in plant cells?
It regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
p.20
Vitamins and Their Role in Collagen Synthesis
What is the role of Vitamin C in collagen synthesis?
Vitamin C is required by the enzyme that modifies collagens.
p.27
Gap Junctions and Intercellular Communication
Which extracellular structure in plant and animal cells allows neighboring cells to exchange small molecules?
Gap junctions in animal cells and plasmodesmata in plant cells.
p.17
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What is a key characteristic of intestinal epithelial cells?
They form a barrier that regulates nutrient absorption and protects against pathogens.
p.3
Eukaryotic Cell Overview
What are the two types of eukaryotic organisms?
Unicellular and multicellular.
p.16
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What is the function of blood cells?
Blood cells transport oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body.
p.6
S. cerevisiae Structure and Function
What type of organism is represented by a yeast cell?
A yeast cell is a type of eukaryotic microorganism.
p.16
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What are some examples of different animal cells?
Examples include muscle cells, nerve cells, blood cells, and epithelial cells.
p.16
Summary of Eukaryotic Cell Functions
What is the role of epithelial cells?
Epithelial cells form protective barriers and are involved in absorption, secretion, and sensation.
p.27
Vitamins and Their Role in Collagen Synthesis
Why do we need vitamins in our diet?
Because we can't synthesize them ourselves.
p.27
Desmosomes and Cell Adhesion
Which extracellular structure in plant and animal cells resists forces pulling apart cells?
Desmosomes in animal cells and middle lamella in plant cells.
p.6
S. cerevisiae Structure and Function
What is the primary function of yeast cells in baking and brewing?
Yeast cells ferment sugars to produce carbon dioxide and alcohol.
