The Origins of Software.
Outsourcing refers to the practice of hiring external firms or individuals to handle software development tasks.
It can lead to more maintenance needs.
SAP AG.
IT services firms, Packaged software providers, Enterprise software, Cloud computing, Open-source software, In-house development.
A document provided to vendors asking them to propose hardware and system software that will meet the requirements of a new system.
It is freely available, including source code.
Accenture.
Noncore activities.
When a task requires custom support and the system can’t be built internally or needs to be sourced.
Google Docs, Sheets, Slides, and SalesForce.com.
Skilled IT people.
Various origins from which software can be obtained, including in-house development, open source, and packaged software.
Quicken, QuickBooks, Microsoft Word, TurboTax.
When the supported task is generic.
No, some cannot be modified.
By allowing the organization to focus on core activities and improve efficiency.
On where to obtain various pieces and components to combine into an application.
It allows for faster access to applications.
A single repository resulting in more consistent and accurate data.
On a per-use basis or by licensing the software.
A scoring value for each item requested.
Mostly in-house and from scratch.
SourceForge.net.
Understandable and up-to-date user’s manual and technical documentation.
For complete systems that cross functional boundaries.
Software as a Service (SaaS).
At best, 70%.
Sell a more full-featured version of the free software.
The ease with which the software can be customized.
Security and reliability.
They integrate individual traditional business functions into a series of modules for seamless transactions within a single information system.
Yes, it is not unusual to incorporate a hybrid of both.
By assessing its features, compatibility, cost, and support options.
Linux and mySQL.
Amazon Web Services (AWS).
Cost: compare developing in-house vs. purchasing or licensing the software package.
Some IS and user staff to define requirements and evaluate packages.
Few; it frees up staff for other IT work.
The provision of computing resources, including applications, over the Internet.
Many market segments.
Turning over responsibilities for some or all of an organization’s information systems applications and operations to an outside firm.
Microsoft.
The tasks that the software can perform and the mandatory, essential, and desired system features.
Using an organization’s staff to create systems.
They assist in developing internal customer information systems.
The six sources include in-house development, outsourcing, off-the-shelf software, open source software, cloud-based solutions, and packaged software providers.
It reduces time to market.
Internal staff may be needed, depending on the application.
Some internal staff necessary but mostly need consultants.
When the supported task is generic but cost is an issue.
To help companies develop customer information systems for internal use.
The practice of obtaining goods or services from an external source.
Off-the-shelf software.
Oracle.
Yes, additional modules can be added as needed.
Test the software based upon your selection criteria.
A community of interested people.
Provide maintenance and services.
Lower cost for corporate-quality applications.
Customers do not have to invest in the computing infrastructure needed to run and maintain the resources.
From general, broad-based packages to very narrow, niche packages.
Freeing up internal resources.
By allowing specialized firms to handle noncore activities more effectively.
Google.
Some IS and user staff to define requirements and evaluate packages.
Internal staff necessary, though staff size may vary.
$490.3 billion, expected to grow to $591.8 billion in 2023.
Evaluation can be done by assessing functionality, cost, user reviews, compatibility, support, and scalability.
There are many different sources of software available.
To determine if the vendor can provide support and how much support they can provide.
It frees internal staff.
By gathering information from other users of the software.
It performs the same functions as commercial software.
Oracle.
IBM.
For instant access to an application; when the supported task is generic.
When resources and staff are available and the system must be built from scratch.
