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How many roots are there in the brachial plexus?
Five roots.
What spinal nerves make up the anterior rami of the brachial plexus?
C5 - T1.
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Roots of Brachial Plexus

How many roots are there in the brachial plexus?

Five roots.

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Brachial Plexus Overview

What spinal nerves make up the anterior rami of the brachial plexus?

C5 - T1.

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Divisions of Brachial Plexus

What does each trunk of the Brachial Plexus divide into?

An anterior and a posterior division.

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Brachial Plexus Injuries

What are common causes of 'burners' and 'stingers' injuries?

Contact sports, spinal stenosis, and severe stretching of nerves at the neck or shoulder.

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Brachial Plexus Injuries

How long can 'burners' and 'stingers' last?

From seconds to days.

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Terminal Branches and Nerves

What muscles does the Median Nerve innervate?

Majority of the anterior forearm, intrinsic thenar muscles, and the lateral half of the palm.

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Terminal Branches and Nerves

What are the nerve roots associated with the Radial Nerve?

C5 – T1.

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Brachial Plexus Overview

What is the main difference between supraclavicular and infraclavicular nerves?

Supraclavicular nerves are located above the clavicle, while infraclavicular nerves are located below the clavicle.

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Brachial Plexus Overview

Which nerves are considered supraclavicular?

The suprascapular nerve and the nerve to subclavius are examples of supraclavicular nerves.

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Cords of Brachial Plexus

What are the branches of the Medial Cord in the Brachial Plexus?

Medial pectoral n., Medial brachial cutaneous n., Medial antebrachial cutaneous n., ½ Median n., Ulnar n.

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Brachial Plexus Injuries

How can nerves in the brachial plexus be damaged?

Through acute trauma or chronic microtrauma, resulting in stretching, compression, tearing, or avulsion.

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Terminal Branches and Nerves

What are the nerve roots that form the Median Nerve?

C5 – T1 nerve roots.

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Cords of Brachial Plexus

What does the acronym 'Teams' represent in the context of cord organization?

Trunks of the Brachial Plexus.

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Cords of Brachial Plexus

Which nerves are part of the medial cord of the brachial plexus?

Medial pectoral nerve (C8 - T1), Medial brachial cutaneous nerve (C8 - T1), Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (C8 - T1).

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Roots of Brachial Plexus

Which nerves are formed from the contributions of C5 to C7?

Long thoracic nerve.

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Divisions of Brachial Plexus

How many divisions are there in the Brachial Plexus?

Six divisions.

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Terminal Branches and Nerves

What does the letter 'M' represent in the context of brachial plexus nerves?

Musculocutaneous nerve.

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Erb-Duchenne Palsy

What causes Erb-Duchenne Palsy?

Excessive increase in the angle between the shoulder and the neck, often due to shoulder dystocia during vaginal delivery.

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Terminal Branches and Nerves

Which muscles are innervated by the Axillary Nerve?

Deltoid and Teres minor.

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Cords of Brachial Plexus

What nerves are part of the Posterior Cord in the Brachial Plexus?

Upper subscapular nn., Lower subscapular nn., Thoracodorsal n., Axillary n., Radial n.

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Terminal Branches and Nerves

What are the nerve roots for the Ulnar Nerve?

C8 – T1.

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Terminal Branches and Nerves

What are the nerve roots associated with the Axillary Nerve?

C5 and C6.

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Clinical Considerations and Symptoms

What is a clinical consideration related to the Radial Nerve?

Humeral shaft fractures.

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Trunks of Brachial Plexus

Which nerves are associated with the trunks of the brachial plexus?

Suprascapular nerve (C5) and Nerve to subclavius (C5 - C6).

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Cords of Brachial Plexus

Which nerves are associated with the Lateral Cord of the Brachial Plexus?

Lateral pectoral n., ½ Median n., Musculocutaneous n.

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Terminal Branches and Nerves

What nerve is associated with the medial cord of the brachial plexus?

Ulnar Nerve.

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Brachial Plexus Injuries

What does the clinical presentation of brachial plexus injuries depend on?

The site of the lesion.

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Terminal Branches and Nerves

What nerve is represented by the letter 'A' in the brachial plexus?

Axillary nerve.

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Erb-Duchenne Palsy

What is the typical arm position associated with Erb-Duchenne Palsy?

The 'Waiter’s Tip' positioning, where the shoulder is adducted, medially rotated, elbow extended, and wrist flexed.

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Cords of Brachial Plexus

How are the cords of the brachial plexus named?

They are named for their location relative to the axillary artery.

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Brachial Plexus Injuries

What does 'DR' stand for in the context of nerve injuries?

Dropped wrist, indicating a radial nerve injury.

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Brachial Plexus Injuries

What causes upper plexus injuries in the brachial plexus?

Excessive stretch at the shoulder.

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Klumpke's Paralysis

What is the primary nerve affected in Klumpke's Paralysis?

Ulnar nerve.

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Roots of Brachial Plexus

What spinal nerves contribute to the roots of the brachial plexus?

C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1.

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Roots of Brachial Plexus

Where do the roots of the brachial plexus pass?

Between the anterior and middle scalene muscles.

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Brachial Plexus Injuries

What are common signs of brachial plexus injuries?

Pain, loss of sensation, and motor weakness.

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Klumpke's Paralysis

What causes Klumpke's Paralysis?

Excessive increase in the angle between the shoulder and the thorax, leading to damage to inferior roots & trunks (C8 - T1).

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Trunks of Brachial Plexus

What are the three trunks of the brachial plexus?

Superior (C5 - C6 roots), Middle (C7 root), and Inferior (C8 - T1 roots).

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Cords of Brachial Plexus

What are the nerves associated with the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?

Upper subscapular nerve (C5 - C6), Middle subscapular (thoracodorsal) nerve (C6 - C8), Lower subscapular nerve (C5 - C6).

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Cords of Brachial Plexus

What are the three cords of the brachial plexus?

Medial, Lateral, and Posterior.

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Brachial Plexus Injuries

What does 'CU' signify in nerve injuries?

Clawed hand, indicating an ulnar nerve injury.

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Cords of Brachial Plexus

What does the acronym 'Rugby' represent in the context of cord organization?

Roots of the Brachial Plexus.

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Terminal Branches and Nerves

What nerve is associated with the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?

Musculocutaneous Nerve.

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Terminal Branches and Nerves

What areas does the musculocutaneous nerve provide innervation to?

Anterior compartment of the arm and lateral skin of the forearm.

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Roots of Brachial Plexus

Which nerve is associated with the C5 root?

Dorsal scapular nerve.

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