p.3
Tapeworm Infections and Types
What is neurocysticercosis associated with?
Tissue tapeworms like Echinococcus granulosus.
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Schistosomiasis and Schistosoma Species
What happens to miracidia after they hatch in water?
They swim and penetrate the snail, which is the intermediate host.
p.4
Malaria and Ectoparasite Infections
Which mosquito-borne parasites cause malaria?
Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum.
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Schistosomiasis and Schistosoma Species
Where do schistosomulae migrate after entering the human body?
Via venous circulation to the lungs, then to the heart, and develop in the liver.
p.1
Common Symptoms of Parasitic Infections
What are common symptoms of parasitic infections?
Irritable bowel, joint and muscle aches, chronic fatigue, anemia, and asymptomatic carriers.
p.1
Clonorchis sinensis and Clonorchiasis
What is the intermediate host for Clonorchis sinensis?
Snail and freshwater fish.
p.3
Roundworm Infections and Life Cycle
What is the role of larvae in the life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides?
They hatch, invade intestinal mucosa, and are carried to the lungs.
p.4
Amebiasis and Naegleria fowleri
What treatments are used for Entamoeba histolytica infection?
Paromomycin, metronidazole.
p.2
Schistosomiasis and Schistosoma Species
How is Schistosoma mekongi transmitted to humans?
Through contaminated freshwater sources with feces or urine containing parasite eggs.
p.3
Roundworm Infections and Life Cycle
What are common treatments for intestinal roundworm infections?
Albendazole, mebendazole, pyrantel pamoate.
p.3
Tapeworm Infections and Types
What tissues can be affected by Echinococcus granulosus?
Liver, lung, brain, and other tissues.
p.4
Amebiasis and Naegleria fowleri
What are the clinical manifestations of Naegleria fowleri infection?
Similar to those of Entamoeba histolytica, including diarrhea and abdominal pain.
p.1
Clonorchis sinensis and Clonorchiasis
How is Clonorchis sinensis transmitted to humans?
By ingesting raw or undercooked freshwater fish.
p.4
Malaria and Ectoparasite Infections
What are the clinical manifestations of malaria caused by Plasmodium species?
Chill, headache, myalgias, nausea, vomiting, anemia, enlarged liver and spleen.
p.5
Ectoparasite Infections and Clinical Manifestations
What are the common clinical manifestations of scabies?
Scabies rash, which includes pimples on the trunk, palms, and soles.
p.3
Roundworm Infections and Life Cycle
What is the first step in the life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides?
Ingestion of infective eggs.
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Roundworm Infections and Life Cycle
What clinical manifestations can result from Ascaris lumbricoides infection?
Stunted growth, abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, occlusion of biliary tract, appendicitis.
p.2
Schistosomiasis and Schistosoma Species
What do cercariae do after being released from the snail?
They swim and penetrate the skin of the human host.
p.2
Tapeworm Infections and Types
How do humans acquire intestinal tapeworm infection from Taenia solium?
By consuming cysticerci in undercooked meat.
p.4
Amebiasis and Naegleria fowleri
What are the clinical manifestations of Entamoeba histolytica infection?
Diarrhea, flatulence, cramping abdominal pain, liver abscesses.
p.2
Schistosomiasis and Schistosoma Species
What is the final destination of mature schistosomulae?
Mesenteric venules of the bowel/rectum or venous plexus of the bladder.
p.1
Clonorchis sinensis and Clonorchiasis
What are the clinical manifestations of Clonorchiasis?
Fever, chills, jaundice, and liver enlargement.
p.1
Clonorchis sinensis and Clonorchiasis
What treatments are used for Clonorchiasis?
Praziquantel and albendazole.
p.2
Tapeworm Infections and Types
What are the clinical manifestations of intestinal tapeworm infection?
Asymptomatic, epigastric discomfort, nausea, irritability, diarrhea, weight loss.
p.2
Tapeworm Infections and Types
What is the treatment for Taenia solium infection?
Praziquantel or niclosamide.
