HER-2 oncogene.
They repair damaged DNA.
Cells are encouraged to multiply uncontrollably.
Mutated or overactive genes that can stimulate the development of cancer.
Myc oncogene.
They disrupt the pathways, causing them to become hyperactive.
They are activated by oncogenes and can lead to abnormal growth signaling.
Genes that encourage cells to multiply.
By instructing cells to make proteins that stimulate excessive cell growth and division.
They 'turn on' the genes required for cell growth and proliferation.
Its gene amplification is associated with breast and ovarian cancers.
They stop the cells from multiplying.
Growth factors, receptors, signaling proteins, and transcription factors.
They are responsible for normal cell growth.
Mutant forms of proto-oncogenes that drive cell proliferation.
Through mutation.
Normal genes that encode components of the cell’s normal growth-control pathway.
Increased likelihood of further mutations and cancer development.
Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER or EGFR).
Approximately 40–70%.
Overexpression of that gene, leading to deregulated cell growth.
They can contribute to the development of cancer.
A mutation that involves amplification of oncogenes.
One or more components in the growth-signaling pathway will be abnormal.
They cause cells to gain momentum for uncontrolled cell division.
They activate signaling enzymes inside the cell.
They can lead to irregular cell division and growth.
Altered versions or excessive quantities of growth-control proteins.
A process where a long segment of nucleic acids is duplicated, often seen in cancer cells.
Normal genes regulate cell growth, while oncogenes accelerate cell growth and division.
In the cell’s nucleus.
Gene mutation of the RAS oncogene.
Cells may multiply without regulation.
Make proteins that stimulate excessive cell growth and division.
A transcription factor.
To regulate the normal growth-control pathway.
