p.6
Ophthalmic Division (V1) Functions and Branches
How long is the nerve trunk of the Ophthalmic Division (V1)?
Approximately 2.5 cm long.
p.6
Ophthalmic Division (V1) Functions and Branches
What happens if the Ophthalmic Division (V1) is paralyzed?
The ocular conjunctiva becomes insensitive to touch.
p.19
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which joint is innervated by the Mandibular Division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
The temporomandibular joint.
p.17
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which is the largest branch of the trigeminal nerve?
The mandibular division (V3).
p.1
Motor and Sensory Roots of the Trigeminal Nerve
What are the two components of the trigeminal nerve?
A small motor root and a larger sensory root.
p.18
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which part of the ear is innervated by the mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
The auricle and external auditory meatus.
p.10
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What dental structures are innervated by the maxillary division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve?
Maxillary teeth and periodontal tissues.
p.5
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
Through which foramen does the maxillary division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve exit the cranium?
Through the foramen rotundum into the upper portion of the pterygopalatine fossa.
p.14
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
Which nerve passes through the foramen rotundum?
The maxillary nerve (V2).
p.11
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What is the branch of the maxillary division (V2) within the cranium?
The middle meningeal nerve.
p.9
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What is the function of the Maxillary Division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve?
It is purely sensory in function.
p.3
Motor and Sensory Roots of the Trigeminal Nerve
How does the motor root of the trigeminal nerve travel in relation to the sensory root?
It travels anteriorly along with, but entirely separate from, the larger sensory root to the region of the trigeminal ganglion.
p.18
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which region of the face does the mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve innervate?
The lower part of the face (chin region).
p.20
Motor Innervation of the Trigeminal Nerve
Which muscles are innervated by the motor root of the Mandibular Division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
Masticatory muscles, mylohyoid, anterior belly of the digastric muscle, tensor tympani, and tensor veli palatini.
p.12
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What is the function of the nasopalatine nerve?
The nasopalatine nerve provides sensory innervation to the nasal septum and the anterior part of the hard palate.
p.10
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
Which mucous membranes are innervated by the maxillary division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve?
Nasopharynx, maxillary sinus, soft palate, tonsil, and hard palate.
p.13
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What are the branches of the Maxillary Division (V2) on the face?
Inferior palpebral branches, external nasal branches, and superior labial branches.
p.3
Motor and Sensory Roots of the Trigeminal Nerve
Where does the motor root of the trigeminal nerve originate?
In the motor nucleus within the pons and medulla oblongata.
p.3
Motor and Sensory Roots of the Trigeminal Nerve
What happens to the motor root of the trigeminal nerve just after leaving the skull?
It unites with the sensory root of the mandibular division to form a single nerve trunk.
p.18
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Does the mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve provide sensory innervation to the cheek?
Yes, it provides sensory innervation to the cheek.
p.12
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What is the Maxillary Division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve responsible for?
The Maxillary Division (V2) is responsible for sensory innervation to the midface, including the lower eyelid, upper lip, and cheek.
p.24
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
What is the role of the auriculotemporal nerve in the posterior division of the mandibular division (V3)?
The auriculotemporal nerve provides sensory innervation to the ear and temporal region.
p.7
Ophthalmic Division (V1) Functions and Branches
What are the three main branches of the Ophthalmic Division (V1) of the trigeminal nerve?
Nasociliary Nerve, Frontal Nerve, Lacrimal Nerve.
p.10
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What areas does the maxillary division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve innervate in the skin?
Lower eyelid, side of the nose, middle portion of the face, and upper lip.
p.5
Ophthalmic Division (V1) Functions and Branches
Where does the ophthalmic division (V1) of the trigeminal nerve travel?
It travels anteriorly in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus to the medial part of the superior orbital fissure, then exits the skull into the orbit.
p.19
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which mucous membranes are innervated by the Mandibular Division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
The mucous membranes of the cheek, the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, and the mastoid cells.
p.14
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What are the branches of the maxillary division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve?
Posterior superior alveolar branches, infraorbital nerve, maxillary nerve, greater palatine nerve, nasopalatine nerve.
p.11
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What is the maxillary division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve responsible for?
The maxillary division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve is responsible for sensory innervation to the midface, including the lower eyelid, upper lip, and cheek.
p.20
Motor Innervation of the Trigeminal Nerve
What are the masticatory muscles innervated by the Mandibular Division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
Masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid.
p.24
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
What is the function of the mental nerve in the posterior division of the mandibular division (V3)?
The mental nerve provides sensory innervation to the chin and lower lip.
p.1
Sensory Innervation of the Trigeminal Nerve
What does the trigeminal nerve provide sensory innervation to?
Teeth, bone, and soft tissues of the oral cavity.
p.19
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which bone is innervated by the Mandibular Division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
The bone of the mandible.
p.18
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
What areas are innervated by the sensory root of the mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
The sensory root of the mandibular division (V3) innervates the skin of the temporal region, auricle, external auditory meatus, cheek, lower lip, and lower part of the face (chin region).
p.23
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which nerve innervates the masseter muscle?
The nerve to the masseter muscle, which is a branch of the anterior division of the mandibular division (V3).
p.11
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What are the two branches of the zygomatic nerve?
The zygomaticotemporal nerve and the zygomaticofacial nerve.
p.1
Overview of the Trigeminal Nerve
What is the trigeminal nerve also known as?
The fifth cranial nerve (V).
p.22
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
What are the branches of the undivided nerve in the mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
Nervus spinosus and nerve to the medial pterygoid muscle.
p.3
Motor and Sensory Roots of the Trigeminal Nerve
What direction does the motor root of the trigeminal nerve take at the semilunar ganglion?
It passes in a lateral and inferior direction under the ganglion toward the foramen ovale.
p.23
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which nerve innervates the lateral pterygoid muscle?
The nerve to the lateral pterygoid muscle, which is a branch of the anterior division of the mandibular division (V3).
p.11
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What are the branches of the maxillary division (V2) within the pterygopalatine fossa?
The zygomatic nerve, which further branches into the zygomaticotemporal nerve and the zygomaticofacial nerve.
p.24
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which nerve in the posterior division of the mandibular division (V3) provides sensory innervation to the lower teeth?
The inferior alveolar nerve.
p.9
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
How does the size of the Maxillary Division (V2) compare to the ophthalmic and mandibular divisions?
It is intermediate in size between the ophthalmic and mandibular divisions.
p.17
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
What type of nerve is the mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
It is a mixed nerve with two roots: a large sensory root and a smaller motor root.
p.23
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which nerve innervates the temporal muscle?
The nerve to the temporal muscle, which is a branch of the anterior division of the mandibular division (V3).
p.12
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What do the orbital branches of the pterygopalatine nerves innervate?
The orbital branches innervate the periosteum of the orbit and the mucous membrane of the sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinuses.
p.12
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What areas do the greater (anterior) palatine nerve and lesser (middle and posterior) palatine nerves innervate?
The greater (anterior) palatine nerve innervates the hard palate, while the lesser (middle and posterior) palatine nerves innervate the soft palate and the tonsils.
p.9
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
From where does the Maxillary Division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve arise?
It arises from the middle of the trigeminal ganglion.
p.6
Ophthalmic Division (V1) Functions and Branches
What areas does the Ophthalmic Division (V1) supply?
The eyeball, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, parts of the mucous membrane of the nose and paranasal sinuses, and the skin of the forehead, eyelids, and nose.
p.19
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which teeth and tissues are innervated by the Mandibular Division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
The mandibular teeth and periodontal tissues.
p.23
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which muscles does the anterior division of the mandibular division (V3) innervate?
The anterior division innervates the lateral pterygoid muscle, masseter muscle, and temporal muscle.
p.24
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
What are the branches of the posterior division of the mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
Auriculotemporal nerve, lingual nerve, mylohyoid nerve, inferior alveolar nerve (dental branches), incisive branch (dental branches), and mental nerve.
p.13
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What are the branches of the Maxillary Division (V2) within the infraorbital canal?
Middle Superior Alveolar (MSA) nerve and Anterior Superior Alveolar (ASA) nerve.
p.5
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
How does the mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve exit the skull?
It travels almost directly downward to exit the skull, along with the motor root.
p.23
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
What are the divisions of the mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
The mandibular division (V3) is divided into an anterior division and a posterior division.
p.14
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
Which nerve is responsible for innervating the posterior superior alveolar region?
The posterior superior alveolar branches.
p.20
Motor Innervation of the Trigeminal Nerve
Which part of the digastric muscle is innervated by the Mandibular Division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve?
The anterior belly of the digastric muscle.
p.12
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What does the pharyngeal branch of the pterygopalatine nerves innervate?
The pharyngeal branch innervates the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx.
p.23
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
What is the function of the buccal nerve in the mandibular division (V3)?
The buccal nerve provides sensory innervation to the cheek.
p.14
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
Which nerve innervates the hard palate and the palatal gingiva of the maxillary molars?
The greater palatine nerve.
p.12
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What are the pterygopalatine nerves?
The pterygopalatine nerves are branches of the Maxillary Division (V2) that include orbital branches, nasal branches, palatine branches, and the pharyngeal branch.
p.24
Mandibular Division (V3) Functions and Branches
Which branch of the posterior division of the mandibular division (V3) has dental branches?
Both the inferior alveolar nerve and the incisive branch have dental branches.
p.12
Maxillary Division (V2) Functions and Branches
What is the PSA nerve and what does it innervate?
The PSA (Posterior Superior Alveolar) nerve innervates the maxillary molar teeth and the adjacent gingiva.
