DBMS is software for storing and retrieving users’ data while considering appropriate security measures.
Data refers to raw facts and figures that can be processed to produce information.
A popular database management system.
The Relational Model.
A good protection mechanism that is more effective than file systems.
Each child can have multiple parents.
It can be damaged due to electric failure or corruption in the storage media.
Responsible for managing the entire DBMS system.
Microsoft Access.
Hierarchical data models, Network data models, Relational data models.
Database Management System.
End-Users, Application Programmers, and Database Administrators.
Sophisticated techniques to store and retrieve data efficiently.
They write programs in various programming languages to interact with databases.
When there is no budget or expertise to operate it.
Banking, Airlines, Telecommunication, Finance, and others.
A database maintaining information concerning students, courses, and grades.
In rows and columns of tables.
Specifying the structure of records and defining different types of data elements to be stored.
Object-oriented DBMS develops.
It offers various techniques to store and retrieve data.
Children have only one parent.
By using some form of locking.
DBMS provides security and removes redundancy.
It does not provide adequate security on data.
Presence of redundant data and inconsistent data.
The cost of hardware and software is quite high, increasing the organization's budget.
He introduced IBM’s Information Management System (IMS).
In a tree-like structure with a parent-child relationship.
DBMS supports multi-user access, while File Management Systems do not.
Slow access time and difficulty in direct access of files.
To model complex relationships like many-to-many relationships.
It accepts requests for data from applications and instructs the operating system to provide specific data.
Because it is one of the easiest DBMS models.
Charles Bachman in 1960.
In DBMS, the user is not required to write procedures, while in file processing systems, the user must write procedures for managing the database.
Examples include MySQL, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, SQLite, IBM Db2, MariaDB, Cassandra, and Redis.
The cost of hardware and software is quite high.
File Management Systems have redundancy and integrity issues.
For customer information, account activities, payments, deposits, loans, etc.
It can lead to data loss.
To keep call records, monthly bills, and maintain balances.
Data inconsistency, where various copies of the same data conflict.
DBMS allows easy data sharing due to its centralized approach, while file systems make sharing difficult due to data being distributed in many files.
Structures that display data within them.
MS Access.
Provides security and removes redundancy.
Because most database management systems are often complex.
A group of programs that manipulate the database.
MySQL.
For storing information about stock, sales, and purchases of financial instruments.
Integrity constraints are easy to apply in DBMS but difficult in file systems.
Users of DBMS include database administrators, developers, and end-users who interact with the database.
Incorporation of object-orientation in relational DBMS.
First Internet database applications were introduced.
DBMS is a software system that enables the creation, management, and manipulation of databases. Advantages include data integrity and security; disadvantages include complexity and cost; limitations may involve performance issues with large datasets.
A crash recovery mechanism that protects users from system failure.
Data can be lost if the system crashes while entering information.
For reservations and schedule information.
Database system is more expensive to design.
Customer, product, and sales information.
To manage the supply chain and track the production of items.
Applications of DBMS include data storage, data retrieval, data manipulation, and data security.
As an efficient handler to balance their needs.
It allows users to access and manipulate data in parallel.
People who interact with the database management system to conduct operations like retrieving, updating, and deleting data.
Excel/CSV/Flat Files.
STUDENT, COURSE, SECTION, GRADE, and TUTOR files.
DBMS stands for Database Management System.
An abstract view of data that hides the details.
The Entity-Relationship model, also known as the ER model.
It implies integrity constraints for protection against prohibited access.
DBMS provides better data integrity, security, and reduces redundancy compared to file processing systems.
DBMS architecture typically includes three levels: internal, conceptual, and external, which help in data abstraction and independence.
Issues like redirecting files while deleting or updating information.
For student information, course registrations, colleges, and grades.
In a graph that can be accessed through several paths.
Through centralization of the database.
Security, self-describing nature, insulation between programs and data abstraction, support of multiple views of the data.
Logical Data Independence and Physical Data Independence.
SQL.
In the form of objects.
A lightweight, file-based database management system.
A database management system developed by IBM.
Hierarchical, Network, Relational, and Object-Oriented databases.
A relational database management system developed by Microsoft.
In such a manner that only one user can access the same data at a time.
The database contains metadata that describes its structure.
DBMS is expensive initially, but has a cheaper Total Cost of Ownership in the long term.
Complicated transactions.
A database is an organized collection of structured information or data, typically stored electronically in a computer system.
PostgreSQL.
Hierarchical, Network, Relational, and Object-Oriented DBMS.
A disadvantage of the file processing system is data redundancy, which can lead to inconsistencies.
A data model is a conceptual representation of data structures and their relationships.
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability.
For information about employees, salaries, payroll, deductions, and generation of paychecks.
An open-source relational database management system that is a fork of MySQL.
XML.
It reduces application development time.
