p.3
Components of Landscaping
What are live hedges used for?
As a fence or a green wall.
p.31
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
Where else are shady trees commonly planted besides public gardens?
Along the borders of roads as avenues for shade.
What is the recommended minimum size for a healthy balanced pond?
About 50 square feet of surface area.
p.5
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What are arches used for in landscaping?
Supports provided for climbers.
p.5
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is a pergola?
A structure formed by connecting a series of arches over a considerable length.
p.6
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is one use of a garden trellis?
Creates a privacy screen in a garden or on a patio or balcony.
p.8
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the primary purpose of bridges in gardens?
To link ponds and rivers.
p.14
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What elements can enhance the visual appeal of a terrace garden?
Sculptured rocks, a small lily pond with a fountain, and water plants.
p.26
Plant Components in Gardens
Name a plant suitable for dish gardens.
Club moss (Lycopodium clavatum).
p.10
Special Types of Gardens
What is a roof garden?
A garden on the flat roof of a building, especially in an urban setting.
p.5
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the function of a garden trellis?
To make the most of limited space with a vertical display of greenery and blooms.
p.14
Special Types of Gardens
What features should terrace gardens provide?
Both sunny and shady areas.
p.25
Plant Components in Gardens
What is a handy tool for lowering plants into terrariums?
A stick with a wire loop on the end.
p.6
Special Types of Gardens
What is a significant feature of islands in gardens?
They are decorated with trees, flowers, and connected with bridges.
p.10
Special Types of Gardens
What common misconception exists regarding roof gardens in India?
Roof gardening is often incorrectly termed as terrace gardening.
p.15
Special Types of Gardens
How many hours of sunlight do aquatic plants like water lilies require?
A minimum of 5 to 6 hours for optimum flowering.
p.8
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
Why should wooden garden seats be treated?
To protect against moisture and enhance durability.
p.27
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What materials are suitable for containers in window gardening?
Wood, fiberglass, iron, plastic, etc.
p.31
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What is the purpose of planting shady trees in large public gardens?
To provide a place for picnic and relaxation.
p.9
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What are floral clocks?
Huge clocks operated by electricity, with hands showing time against a dial of carpet bedding plants or flowerbeds.
p.3
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is a trophy in landscaping?
An arrangement of colorful potted plants in different tiers around a central object like a tree trunk or lamp post.
p.12
Plant Components in Gardens
What is the ideal characteristic of the growing medium for rooftop gardening?
It should be lightweight, free-draining, and retain moisture.
p.7
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What are the different designs that foot paths can adopt?
Winding, circular, straight, spinal, or herring-borne designs.
p.13
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
Why is it not advisable to have a sunken garden in very heavy soil?
Due to drainage problems.
p.1
Lawn and Its Importance
What is a lawn defined as in landscaping?
The green carpet for a landscape.
p.26
Plant Components in Gardens
What types of plants are suitable for bottle gardening?
Moisture-loving indoor plants that are difficult to grow in dry conditions.
p.15
Special Types of Gardens
What is the significance of water gardens in civilization?
Civilization's first settlements sprang up around rivers for irrigation and transportation needs.
p.9
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
How can the dial of a floral clock be decorated?
With various colored pebbles instead of live plants.
p.9
Plant Components in Gardens
What is the purpose of positioning a garden in a place where shadows do not fall for long durations?
To ensure adequate sunlight for plant growth.
p.20
Special Types of Gardens
What are some examples of plants suitable for shade gardens?
Ferns (Nephrolepis, Asplenium, Pteris), foliage plants (Caladium, Alocasia), bulbs (Daffodil, crocus, hyacinth), cut flowers (Fox glove), and perennials (Hydrangea).
p.24
Plant Components in Gardens
What is a key component of a soilless mix for terrariums?
Clean, sterilized peat moss based mix with vermiculite or perlite.
p.13
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What special arrangements may be needed for a garden likely to flood rapidly?
To drain out the excess water accumulated.
p.31
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What should be decided first when selecting ornamental trees?
The purpose of planting them.
p.5
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the purpose of a pergola in tropical regions?
It serves as a resting place and keeps the path below cool due to the creepers above.
p.6
Plant Components in Gardens
What type of plants are suitable for trellises?
Climbers such as climbing roses, Clematis, English ivy, and passion flower.
p.2
Rockery and Its Features
What is a rockery?
A rockery or rock garden is the arrangement of rocks with plants growing in the crevices.
p.7
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
How do winding foot paths affect the garden experience?
They conceal components beyond and create curiosity.
p.20
Rockery and Its Features
What benefits do stones provide in a rock garden?
They help retain moisture and keep plant roots cool.
p.30
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What is a tree defined as?
A perennial plant having a distinct trunk with a crown at the top.
p.20
Rockery and Its Features
What types of plants can be grown in a rock garden?
Cacti, succulents, Lantana, Setcreasea, Verbena, and ferns.
p.6
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What materials can be used for garden fencing?
Wood, bamboo, wire, wire-netting, and chain link fences.
p.1
Lawn and Its Importance
What spiritual value does a lawn provide?
It serves as a source of charm and pride and reduces tension after a hard day's work.
p.8
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the function of a bird bath in a garden?
To provide water for birds to drink and bathe.
p.18
Plant Components in Gardens
Name a deep water plant suitable for water gardens.
Water lilies (Nymphaea spp.).
p.28
Special Types of Gardens
What are some plants suitable for dish gardens?
Club Moss (Lycopodium clavatum), Heart Leaf Philodendron (Philodendron scandens).
p.26
Special Types of Gardens
What is a bottle garden?
A miniature greenhouse where liliputian landscapes are planned, using clear glass containers.
p.5
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What materials can arches be made from?
Wood, metal, stones, or concrete structures.
p.20
Special Types of Gardens
What is shade gardening?
Growing shade-loving plants under shady conditions.
p.26
Plant Components in Gardens
Give an example of a plant that can be grown in a window garden.
Heart leaf philodendron (Philodendron scandens).
p.28
Plant Components in Gardens
What are some examples of sun-loving plants?
Alyssum, Geranium, Petunia, Dusty Miller, Cosmos, Snapdragon, Dahlia, Nasturtium, Succulents.
p.3
Components of Landscaping
What is one function of hedges in a garden?
To screen a particular site or building or hide unwanted places.
p.6
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the purpose of garden walls?
They provide privacy and security, and screen out wind and noise.
p.10
Special Types of Gardens
Why are roof gardens becoming more popular in urban areas?
Due to the rarity of individual homes with gardens as skyscrapers replace them.
p.6
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What are the functions of garden fences?
Provide privacy, separate different areas of gardens, and ensure safety.
p.11
Special Types of Gardens
What is the primary function of nature conservation roofs?
To serve as wildlife habitats rather than amenity spaces for people.
p.27
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the ideal size for a window gardening box?
75 cm length, 30 cm width, and 20 cm depth.
p.13
Special Types of Gardens
What is vertical gardening?
Gardening with upright structures to utilize vertical space.
p.17
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What must a pump be capable of if a waterfall is included in a water garden?
It must be sized to carry the extra load and handle the transit time of the water.
p.13
Special Types of Gardens
Where is vertical gardening particularly ideal?
In urban city areas and apartments with balconies.
What should be considered when choosing materials for pond construction?
Cost, life expectancy, installation requirements, availability, and blending with existing materials.
p.30
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What role do trees play in the garden framework?
They form the main framework of the garden.
p.5
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the minimum height and width for an arch?
At least two meters high and one meter wide.
p.22
Special Types of Gardens
What is a suitable plant for a water garden?
Water lily (Nymphaea sp.)
p.15
Special Types of Gardens
What types of plants are commonly found in water gardens?
Water lilies, lotus, iris, arrowheads, and various grasses and trees.
p.15
Special Types of Gardens
Why are water gardens becoming popular in landscaping?
They can be designed to fit virtually any existing landscape and serve as places for recreation.
Name some plants suitable for hedging.
Acalypha, Casuarina, Divi divi (Caesalpinia coriaria).
p.13
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is a key consideration when creating a sunken garden?
It should have one or two drainage outlets connected to the sewage system.
p.15
Special Types of Gardens
Where should a water garden be located for optimal conditions?
In full sun, with easy access to water and electricity, and a good view from the house.
p.18
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
How often should the water filter be cleaned?
At least once a week, or as needed.
p.28
Plant Components in Gardens
What are some plants suitable for a window herb garden?
Lemon Grass, Marjoram, Ginger, Mint, Basil, Oregano, Dill, Parsley, Thyme, Rosemary, Sage.
p.2
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the purpose of carpet beds in gardening?
To grow ground cover plants closely and trim them to a design or letters.
p.7
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What are some uses of garden arbours?
Add vertical interest, create transitions, provide shade, support vines, and create privacy.
p.24
Special Types of Gardens
What is important to consider when choosing a location for a terrarium?
Different plants have different light and moisture needs; succulents prefer sunny locations while ferns and mosses thrive in moist, shady areas.
p.23
Special Types of Gardens
What are the characteristics of a terrarium's container?
It is transparent, has no drain holes, and usually has a clear top.
Where should a water garden not be located?
Where leaves fall from trees or in low spots prone to flooding.
p.21
Rockery and Its Features
What should be done to protect delicate plants in a rockery during severe winter?
Cover them with a glass sheet or polythene sheets.
p.1
Flower Beds and Borders
What are borders in gardening?
Continuous beds of more length than width containing plants of one kind only.
p.26
Special Types of Gardens
What is dish gardening?
Creating gardens in dish-like containers.
p.31
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What is the next step after deciding the purpose for planting ornamental trees?
Finalizing the place of its culture.
p.26
Special Types of Gardens
What is window gardening?
Making a garden in the window sill or any attachment to it.
p.7
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the purpose of foot paths in a garden?
They facilitate movement within the garden area.
p.15
Special Types of Gardens
What factors should be considered when selecting a site for a water garden?
Plants to grow, soil type, site level, surface drainage, view from the house, and maintenance requirements.
p.20
Rockery and Its Features
What is a rock garden?
An arrangement of rocks with plants growing in the crevices.
p.21
Rockery and Its Features
What is an important factor in the construction of a rockery?
The placement and selection of rocks.
p.22
Special Types of Gardens
What is a suitable plant for a bog garden?
Arrowhead (Sagittaria sagittifolia)
p.10
Special Types of Gardens
What are the three basic types of roof gardens?
Extensive living roofs, semi-extensive living roofs, and intensive living roofs.
p.30
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What aesthetic benefits do trees provide in landscaping?
They bring beauty through variation in height, shapes, foliage texture, and flower color.
p.11
Special Types of Gardens
What are two key features of private roof gardens?
A surrounding wall for safety and an overhead shelter for shade.
p.27
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
Why should containers be painted with waterproof paint?
To protect them from rotting.
p.11
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the essential requirement for a roof garden?
Careful planning and designing.
p.12
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What should be considered when creating a sunken garden?
Adequate drainage arrangements due to water collection.
p.17
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
How often must mechanical filters circulate the entire volume of pond water to be effective?
At least once every hour.
p.5
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What can be constructed below a pergola for sitting?
Concrete or wooden benches.
p.11
Special Types of Gardens
What is the purpose of communal roof gardens?
To create accessible green spaces for pedestrians, often used in spa hotels and campus environments.
p.24
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What should be added to the bottom of a terrarium for drainage?
An initial layer of gravel (one part gravel to two parts soilless mix).
p.11
Special Types of Gardens
How can public roof parks be connected?
By using a green bridge to join green roofs on separate buildings.
p.1
Lawn and Its Importance
What are the benefits of having a lawn in a home garden?
Improves appearance, enhances beauty, increases convenience, and adds monetary value to real estate.
p.8
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What are ornamental tubs and vases typically made from?
Brick, concrete, or carved stone.
p.12
Special Types of Gardens
What is a sunken garden?
A garden formed in a natural depression, often with tiers and a central pond.
p.2
Topiary and Its Techniques
Which plants are suitable for topiary in hilly areas?
Cupressus macrocarpa and Pinus patula.
p.23
Special Types of Gardens
Who is credited with the introduction of the art of the terrarium?
Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward, as early as 1842.
p.10
Special Types of Gardens
What is a key characteristic of intensive living roofs?
They require intensive maintenance.
p.12
Plant Components in Gardens
What type of soil mix is recommended for containers in rooftop gardening?
Light-weight soil-less mixes or patio mixes.
What shape of pond is suitable for a formal landscape?
A geometrically shaped pond.
p.3
Components of Landscaping
How do hedges help in garden design?
They help to partition the garden into several parts.
What materials can be used for pond edging?
Bricks, rocks, steel edging, or wood.
p.3
Flower Beds and Borders
What are edges in landscaping?
Perennial herbs used as a short border for lawns or ground cover.
p.6
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
How do painted fences contribute to a garden?
They serve as an additional attraction.
p.6
Special Types of Gardens
What role do islands play in Japanese gardens?
They represent nature and serve as a retreat for quiet meditation.
p.27
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the essential feature for drainage in window gardening containers?
Provision for drainage holes.
p.8
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the purpose of a sundial in a garden?
To serve as a focal point or centerpiece.
p.27
Plant Components in Gardens
What is the recommended soil mixture for a window garden?
Three parts garden soil, one part cow dung manure, and one-fourth part sand.
p.2
Topiary and Its Techniques
What qualities should a plant have for effective topiary?
It should be amenable to repeated pruning and flexible with vegetative growth.
p.17
Plant Components in Gardens
What should potting media be free from to protect pond life?
Fertilizers, herbicides, and fresh organic matter.
p.23
Special Types of Gardens
What is the benefit of properly planting and locating a terrarium?
It can provide enjoyment for years with relatively little care.
p.19
Special Types of Gardens
What is the main criterion for a marsh garden?
To keep it moist and swampy.
p.18
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What are the key components for maintaining good water condition in a pond?
Correct depth, a good filtration system, and correctly chosen plants.
p.2
Rockery and Its Features
What benefits do stones provide in a rockery?
They help plants retain moisture and keep their roots cool.
p.28
Plant Components in Gardens
Name a few creepers suitable for gardening.
Tradescantia, Hedera helix, Juniperus prostate, Morning Glory.
p.2
Rockery and Its Features
Which types of plants can be grown successfully in a sunny rockery?
Cacti, succulents, and plants like Lantana, Setcreasea, and Verbena.
p.3
Flower Beds and Borders
Give examples of herbs often used as edges.
Eupatorium, Alternanthera, Duranta, Dwarf marigold.
p.7
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What are garden arbours?
Attractive and functional additions that explore the vertical dimension of the garden.
p.20
Rockery and Its Features
How much sunlight should a rock garden receive?
All the sun possible or at least for half the day, preferably in the forenoon.
p.30
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What is arboriculture?
The cultivation of trees for their aesthetic or recreational value.
What are the two types of shrubbery?
(i) Pure shrubbery and (ii) Mixed shrubbery.
p.13
Special Types of Gardens
What structures can be used to create vertical gardens?
Fences, arbours, trellises, and walls.
p.10
Special Types of Gardens
What types of landscapes can intensive living roofs support?
Large trees, shrubs, and other manicured landscapes.
What is mixed shrubbery?
Planting many different species of shrubs in a group.
p.27
Plant Components in Gardens
What factors should be considered when selecting plants for a window garden?
Weather conditions, growth habit, and availability of sunlight.
p.28
Plant Components in Gardens
What are some examples of shade-loving plants?
Ferns, Begonias, Impatiens, Ivy, Caladium, Violas, Mint, Philodendron, Spathiphyllum.
p.7
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the recommended gradient for roads in landscaping?
1 to 30 for effective traction.
p.20
Rockery and Its Features
Where should a rock garden be situated?
In an open part of the garden, preferably in a shaded corner.
p.30
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What are some functional purposes of trees in landscaping?
They are used for avenue plantation, wind breaks, and screening.
What is shrubbery?
Growing of shrubs in a group.
p.23
Special Types of Gardens
What is a terrarium?
A transparent glass or plastic container with plants grown in it to create a miniature landscape.
p.17
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What do pump filters remove from pond water?
Particulate matter such as algae, sediments, and fish wastes.
p.21
Rockery and Its Features
How can the top layers of a rockery be enriched?
By adding compost made from turf cuttings.
p.11
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
Why are roof membranes important in roof garden design?
They provide waterproofing but are susceptible to damage from plant roots.
p.27
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What should be placed at the bottom of the window box to prevent soil washing out?
Broken bricks or earthen pot pieces and fibrous materials.
p.23
Special Types of Gardens
What types of containers can be used for terrariums?
Any transparent glass container, such as a large glass jar, fish bowl, or old aquarium.
p.12
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What irrigation method is suggested for rooftop gardens?
Daily watering with an easy-maintenance drip irrigation system.
p.12
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
Which type of fertilizers are recommended for rooftop gardening?
Water-soluble and slow-release fertilizers.
p.7
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
How do arbours contribute to the garden's aesthetics?
They integrate architectural details and provide a shaded area.
What is pure shrubbery?
Planting an entire selected area with a single species.
p.13
Special Types of Gardens
What is terrace gardening?
A garden arranged in various levels or terraces.
p.11
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What does the filter sheet in a roof garden do?
Allows moisture to drain while retaining fine materials.
p.30
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What are some examples of peculiar tree shapes used as specimen trees?
Spreading tree, upright tree, columnar tree, umbrella shape, conical tree, round-headed tree, picturesque tree.
p.18
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What should be done with the pump in a pond?
It should be pulled from the pond and cleaned regularly.
p.28
Special Types of Gardens
What is a suitable plant for a terrarium?
Swedish Ivy (Plectranthes australis).
p.21
Rockery and Its Features
What soil composition is suitable for rock gardens in plains?
Coarse sand, plenty of leaf-mould, and well-rotten farm yard manure.
p.30
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
How should trees be planted for landscaping?
Carefully and thoughtfully for height, shade, color, and vertical emphasis.
p.13
Special Types of Gardens
What should be restricted to the edges in terrace gardening?
Plants, to leave the middle open for circulation.
p.21
Rockery and Its Features
What mixture can be used for top dressing rock plants?
A mixture of compost, garden soil, fine sand, and leaf-mould in equal proportions.
p.23
Special Types of Gardens
Do terrariums require drain holes?
No, they do not require drain holes at the bottom of the container.
p.19
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What should be monitored in fish to prevent infections?
Fungi and other parasites.
p.18
Plant Components in Gardens
What are the four categories of aquatic plants?
Deep water plants, bog plants (marginals), oxygenators, and floating plants.
p.2
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What characteristics should plants for carpet beds possess?
They should be perennial, have quick recuperative quality, withstand frequent pruning, summer sun, heavy rains, and drought.
p.10
Special Types of Gardens
What distinguishes semi-extensive living roofs from extensive ones?
They have deeper soils, supporting a greater variety of plants and requiring a stronger structure.
p.2
Topiary and Its Techniques
What is topiary?
The art of developing or training plants into different forms or shapes like animals and arches.
p.11
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the purpose of the waterproof layer in a roof garden?
To prevent water leakage from the existing surface.
p.17
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What are the two main types of filters for ponds?
Mechanical and biological filters.
p.12
Plant Components in Gardens
What types of plants can be grown in a sunken garden?
Ground covers, edges, flower beds, and small herbs.
p.23
Special Types of Gardens
What atmosphere do terrariums provide for plants?
A humid atmosphere that allows the growth of forest plants at home.
p.23
Special Types of Gardens
How does a terrarium maintain moisture for the plants?
Moisture taken up by the plants is condensed and returns to the soil, keeping the plants watered.
p.30
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What are some tree forms that can be used in landscaping?
Cascade, exposed root, coppiced tree, lopped tree.
p.24
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What tools are recommended for planting in a narrow-mouthed terrarium?
Tweezers, long sticks, a long thin spoon, a funnel, household scissors, and an atomizer or bulb-type sprayer.
p.30
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What types of trees are noted for their attractive flowers?
Some trees produce attractive and fragrant flowers.
p.11
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What is the function of the drainage layer in a roof garden?
To retain moisture while allowing excess water to drain away.
p.17
Plant Components in Gardens
What type of fertilizer is recommended for pond plants?
Special aquatic pelletized slow release forms.
p.1
Flower Beds and Borders
What are flower beds used for?
To provide a mass effect of different colors using annuals and herbaceous perennials.
p.30
Significance of Trees in Landscaping
What are some unique characteristics of trees mentioned?
S-shaped tree, twisted trunk, buttressed tree, slanting tree, twin-branched tree, three-trunk tree.
p.17
Non-Plant Components in Landscaping
What tool is useful for testing the water pH in a pond?
A pH meter or testing kit.
