Which school offers the course PHPC 2016?
School of Public Health and Primary Care.
p.1
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What two main theories are covered in PHPC 2016?
Communication theory and Diffusion of Innovations.
What is the main focus of the lesson?
Understanding the process of communication.
p.29
Communication Process
What protects the contents of this lesson?
Copyright under international conventions.
What does communication involve?
Transmitting, receiving, and processing information important for behavior.
p.14
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What is a limitation of individual and interpersonal level theories?
They do not explain how a behavior spreads, especially when the behavior is new.
p.44
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What role does a social system play in innovation?
It constitutes a boundary within which an innovation diffuses.
p.13
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What is a major issue with health intervention programs?
Many effective programs are not implemented in other settings and populations.
p.26
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What is a compatibility issue with the Dvorak layout?
It is not compatible with public computers that mainly use QWERTY layout.
p.10
Stages of Change Model
What does the twelfth stage involve in the quitting smoking process?
Post-action (continuation).
p.14
Communication Process
What is prohibited regarding the contents of this lesson?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission without prior written consent.
p.30
Communication Channels in Health Promotion
What role does social media play in communication about innovations?
It combines the best of mass media and interpersonal channels.
p.28
Communication Channels in Health Promotion
What are communication channels?
The means by which messages get from one individual to another.
p.25
Communication Process
What actions are prohibited without prior written consent?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or re-transmission.
p.41
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What does the rate of adoption refer to?
The relative speed with which an innovation is adopted by members of a social system.
p.49
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What is prohibited regarding the contents of this lesson?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission without prior written consent.
p.49
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What is a challenge associated with diffusion of innovations?
It also works for 'bad' innovations.
p.20
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
Who conducted the experiment to confirm the effect of citrus juice for scurvy prevention?
James Lind, a British Navy physician.
p.42
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What protects the contents of this lesson?
Copyright under international conventions.
p.19
Health Behavior Models
What was one of the limiting factors of marine travel historically?
Scurvy, often killing large numbers of passengers and crew.
p.23
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What is a challenge in convincing villagers about boiling water?
They may not understand Germ Theory.
p.34
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
Who typically makes authority innovation decisions?
A relatively few individuals in a system who possess power, status, or technical expertise.
p.31
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What role does heterophily play in diffusion?
Heterophily is needed for diffusion.
p.22
Communication Process
What did the villagers lack understanding of that related to their health?
The relationship of sanitation to illness and Germ Theory.
p.40
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What type of support is provided to Early Adopters?
Manuals and information on implementation.
What elements are included in the 'Message' variable?
Structure, appeals, style, amount.
p.52
Communication Process
Who holds the copyright for the lesson's contents?
The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care of The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
p.22
Communication Channels in Health Promotion
What methods were used in the water-boiling campaign?
Public talks and family visits.
p.16
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What does diffusion describe in terms of the spread of ideas?
Both planned and spontaneous spread of new ideas.
p.22
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What was the outcome of the water-boiling campaign?
Only 11 out of 200 families were persuaded to boil water.
p.3
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is the main concept of the Diffusion of Innovation theory?
How new ideas and technologies spread within a society or from one society to another.
p.12
Communication Process
What is prohibited regarding the contents of this lesson?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission without prior written consent.
p.38
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What are the five adopter categories mentioned in the lesson?
Laggards, Early Adopters, Early Majority, Late Majority, Innovators.
p.14
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What two concepts are missing in individual and interpersonal level theories when addressing new behaviors?
Subjective norm and observational learning.
p.29
Communication Channels in Health Promotion
What is the focus of the discussion in this lesson?
The most effective communication channel to spread an innovation.
p.28
Communication Channels in Health Promotion
What determines the conditions under which a source will transmit an innovation?
The nature of the information-exchange relation.
What type of communication occurs between two people?
Interpersonal communication.
p.43
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What is a key question regarding achieving critical mass?
How to engage the early adopters?
What aspects are considered under the 'Source' variable?
Credibility, attractiveness, power.
p.20
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What significant event occurred in 1795 regarding scurvy?
Scurvy was immediately wiped out among the navy.
p.10
Stages of Change Model
What is the seventh stage in the process of quitting smoking?
Agreeing (agreeing to quit smoking).
p.26
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
How is the observability of typing speed with the Dvorak layout?
Typing speed is easily measurable.
p.51
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What can influence the diffusion process of an intervention?
External factors can promote or hamper it.
p.52
Health Behavior Models
What is the exercise based on?
Discussing how to promote HPV vaccination to male students in a local secondary school.
p.10
Stages of Change Model
What is the ninth stage in the quitting smoking process?
Retrieval (being able to retrieve the message at appropriate times).
p.52
Health Behavior Models
Who is the target audience for the HPV vaccination promotion exercise?
Male students in a local secondary school.
What does the 'Destination' variable refer to?
Immediacy/delayed, prevention/cessation.
p.45
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What are key resources during the early phase of diffusion?
Opinion leaders and change agents.
p.45
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What role do opinion leaders play in the diffusion process?
They influence other individuals' attitudes or behaviors in a desired way.
p.12
Persuasion in Health Communication
What is a key question regarding health behavior promotion?
How can a health behavior be promoted?
p.15
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is the main purpose of the Diffusion of Innovations theory?
To explain how an idea or product gains momentum and diffuses through a population or social system over time.
p.11
Communication Process
What is prohibited regarding the contents of the lesson?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission without prior written consent.
p.11
Communication Process
Which groups should be considered for the design of an anti-smoking program?
Secondary students, young women, and middle-aged men.
p.41
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
How is the rate of adoption usually measured?
By the number of members of the system that adopt the innovation in a given time period.
p.26
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
How does the complexity of training for Dvorak compare to QWERTY?
There is no harder to train people to use Dvorak than QWERTY.
p.17
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What protects the contents of this lesson?
Copyright under international conventions.
p.3
Health Behavior Models
What is the main focus of the Health Belief Model?
Individuals' perceptions of the threat posed by a health problem and the benefits of avoiding the threat.
p.40
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What do you provide to the Early Majority to encourage adoption?
Success stories and evidence of the innovation’s effectiveness.
p.10
Stages of Change Model
What does the eighth stage involve in the quitting smoking process?
Storing (internalizing the message).
p.9
Stages of Change Model
What occurs during the 'Comprehending' stage?
Understanding the message.
p.51
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What is required for different types of adopters in health interventions?
Different strategies are needed.
p.33
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What occurs during the persuasion step of the innovation-decision process?
The person forms a favorable or unfavorable attitude toward the innovation.
p.27
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What aspect of innovation should be compared between the two campaigns?
Their strategies and impacts on public behavior.
p.29
Communication Process
What is prohibited without prior written consent?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or re-transmission of the lesson contents.
p.42
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What is prohibited without prior written consent?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission of the lesson contents.
p.46
Health Behavior Models
What is the Brothers for Life program?
A South African health communication program that promotes HIV testing, voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC), male involvement in PMTCT, and prevention of gender-based violence.
p.36
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What are the five adopter categories in the context of innovation?
Innovators and Early adopters are two of the categories.
p.36
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
Who are Innovators?
People who want to be the first to try the innovation, are venturesome, and willing to take risks.
p.23
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
How does local custom affect the acceptance of boiled water?
Only the ill use cooked, or 'hot' water, and there is a general dislike for boiled water unless flavored.
p.3
Health Behavior Models
What does the Social Cognitive Theory emphasize in health behavior?
The interaction between personal factors, behavior, and environmental influences.
p.52
Communication Process
What is prohibited regarding the contents of the lesson?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission without prior written consent.
p.16
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What does dissemination refer to?
Planned, systematic efforts designed to make a program or innovation more widely available to a target audience.
p.17
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What is prohibited without prior written consent?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission of the contents.
p.41
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What characterizes innovations with a slower rate of adoption?
They have a more gradual S-curve.
p.39
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What is prohibited without prior written consent?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission of the lesson contents.
p.10
Stages of Change Model
What does the tenth stage entail in the process of quitting smoking?
Decision (making a decision).
p.48
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What method was used to promote HIV testing behavior?
Creation of a virtual social network and recruitment of opinion leaders.
p.10
Stages of Change Model
What is the eleventh stage in the quitting smoking process?
Acting (implementing the decision).
p.45
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What is the role of change agents in the diffusion process?
They influence clients' innovation decisions in a desirable direction and actively promote the innovation.
p.32
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What protects the contents of this lesson?
Copyright under international conventions.
What are the main components of the communication process?
Sender, receiver, message, channel, encoding, decoding, feedback.
p.18
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is the definition of innovation?
An idea, practice, or object that is perceived as new by an individual.
p.18
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What question does Element 1 of the lesson raise about innovation?
What is considered an innovation nowadays?
p.44
Social Systems and Health Interventions
Who can be members of a social system?
Individuals, informal groups, organizations, and/or subsystems.
p.24
Communication Process
What is prohibited without prior written consent according to the lesson?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission of the contents.
p.26
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What is a relative advantage of the Dvorak layout compared to QWERTY?
The Dvorak layout is faster; QWERTY is designed to slow down typing.
p.24
Communication Process
What is the purpose of the QWERTY keyboard design?
It was intended to slow down typing.
p.31
Communication Channels in Health Promotion
How does homophily affect communication success?
Homophily increases communication success.
p.13
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What happens to effective health intervention programs over time?
They often take too long to become routine practice.
p.9
Stages of Change Model
What is the first stage in the anti-smoking message process?
Tuning in (exposure to the anti-smoking message).
p.46
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What innovative approaches does the Brothers for Life program use?
A variety of innovative approaches to diffuse the principles of positive behavior among South African males.
p.28
Communication Process
What is prohibited without prior written consent according to the lesson?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission of the contents.
p.23
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What is the complexity aspect regarding villagers and boiling water?
Villagers already know how to boil water, as they do it sometimes.
p.41
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What characterizes innovations that diffuse rapidly?
They have a steep S-curve.
p.39
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What protects the contents of this lesson?
Copyright under international conventions.
p.8
Communication Channels in Health Promotion
What types of 'Channels' are mentioned?
Mass media, interpersonal networks.
p.40
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What information is important for the Late Majority?
Information on how many other people have tried the innovation and have adopted it successfully.
What factors are considered under the 'Receiver' variable?
Demographics, ability, personality, lifestyle.
What role do theories play in health interventions?
They help explain and facilitate the spread of health behaviors and interventions.
p.47
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What was the increase in knowledge of VMMC from 2009 to 2012?
From 8% in 2009 to 47% in 2012.
p.12
Stages of Change Model
What is another key question related to adopting new behaviors?
How do you adopt a new behavior or an innovation?
p.45
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
Who can be considered change agents?
Salespersons and professional organizations.
p.44
Social Systems and Health Interventions
What is a social system?
A set of interrelated units engaged in joint problem-solving to accomplish a common goal.
p.34
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What characterizes optional innovation decisions?
They are made by an individual independent of the decisions of other members.
p.43
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What is critical mass in the context of innovation adoption?
The point at which enough individuals have adopted an innovation so that its further rate of adoption becomes self-sustaining.
p.34
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
How are collective innovation decisions made?
By consensus among the members of a system.
p.43
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What is the 'chicken and egg dilemma' in innovation adoption?
'I am not doing it because others are not doing it.'
What are the input factors/variables in the communication process?
Source, Message, Channels, Receiver, Destination.
p.40
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What is the strategy for changing the behavior of Innovators?
Very little needs to be done.
p.25
Communication Process
What happens when two adjoining keys are struck rapidly in succession?
The type bars jam easily.
What is the communication level that involves organizations?
Organizational communication.
p.31
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
When does diffusion work best?
When individuals are highly similar in many aspects but different in things related to innovation.
p.20
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What policy did the British Board of Trade form in 1856?
A policy of using vitamin C to eliminate scurvy in the trading fleet.
p.48
Communication Process
What is prohibited regarding the contents of this lesson?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission without prior written consent.
p.47
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
Which principles were used to promote VMMC in South Africa?
Observability and Trialability.
p.50
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What individual factors does the theory not take into account?
An individual's resources or social support to adopt the new behavior.
p.12
Health Behavior Models
What have we learned about in relation to health behavior?
Various theories that can be used to predict health behavior.
p.32
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is the second way time is involved in diffusion?
Innovativeness of the individual.
What is the role of the receiver in the communication process?
Receives encoded information, decodes it, and understands the message.
What are some examples of communication channels?
Face to face, WhatsApp, on the phone.
p.34
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What are the three types of innovation decisions mentioned?
Optional innovation, collective innovation, and authority innovation.
p.25
Communication Process
What protects the contents of this lesson?
Copyright under international conventions.
p.16
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is diffusion in the context of communication?
The process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system.
p.46
Health Behavior Models
What are the key components promoted by the Brothers for Life program?
HIV testing, voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC), male involvement in PMTCT, and prevention of gender-based violence.
p.28
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
How do individuals evaluate innovations?
Based on subjective assessment conveyed from peers, not scientific assessment.
p.11
Communication Process
What are the key inputs to consider for the anti-smoking program design?
Source, message, channels, receivers, and destination.
p.19
Health Behavior Models
Why did scurvy occur on long-distance voyages?
Due to the lack of fruits and vegetables.
p.9
Stages of Change Model
What does the 'Attending' stage involve?
Paying attention to the message.
p.35
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What are the five adopter categories based on innovativeness?
Innovators, Early adopters, Early majority, Late majority, Laggards.
p.49
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
Why do people often not appreciate prevention efforts?
Because nothing happens when it works.
p.23
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What does trialability refer to in the context of boiling water?
Villagers have experience boiling water, which makes it easier to adopt.
p.23
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
Why is the benefit of boiling water hard to observe?
Because it is a preventive measure and takes time to show effects.
p.38
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What characterizes Laggards in the adoption process?
They are bound by tradition, very conservative, relatively isolated, and skeptical of change.
p.31
Communication Channels in Health Promotion
What is the effect of heterophily on communication effectiveness?
Communication is likely to be ineffective if the group is heterophilious.
p.22
Health Behavior Models
What was the aim of the Water Boiling Program in a Peruvian village?
To introduce innovations to improve health and lengthen lives.
p.25
Communication Process
Which institution's consent is required for the use of lesson contents?
The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care of The Chinese University of Hong Kong.
p.51
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
When should the attributes of an intervention be considered?
Preferably before the efficacy testing phase.
p.51
Social Systems and Health Interventions
Who should be engaged to understand and utilize the social system in health interventions?
Opinion leaders and change agents.
p.9
Stages of Change Model
What is meant by the 'Liking' stage?
Liking and being interested in the message.
p.33
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is the first step in the 5-step innovation-decision process?
Knowledge - the person becomes aware of an innovation and has some idea of how it functions.
p.27
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is a key attribute to analyze in the Plastic Bag Levy campaign?
Its effectiveness in reducing plastic bag usage.
p.9
Stages of Change Model
What does the 'Generating' stage entail?
Thinking about what would need to be done to quit smoking.
p.50
Health Behavior Models
What does the theory work better with?
Adoption of behaviors rather than cessation or prevention of behaviors.
p.9
Stages of Change Model
What skills are gained in the 'Acquiring' stage?
Skills to act on the message, such as coping skills for withdrawal symptoms.
p.48
Communication Channels in Health Promotion
What new strategy was employed to achieve diffusion of HIV testing messages?
Using a new communication channel.
p.45
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
Can you give examples of opinion leaders?
Community leaders and celebrities.
p.21
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What types of advantages can Relative Advantage include?
Economic, social, utilitarian, etc.
p.21
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
How is Complexity defined in the context of innovation?
How difficult the innovation is to understand and/or use.
p.53
Health Behavior Models
誰不應接種加衛苗？
對加衛苗有過敏反應人士、對酵母過敏的人士及有發燒或中度至嚴重疾病的人。
p.2
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What theory is introduced in this lesson?
Diffusion of Innovations theory (DOI).
p.38
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
Why are Laggards considered the hardest group to bring on board?
Because they are very skeptical of change.
p.2
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What does the lesson aim to describe regarding innovations?
How an innovation is introduced and adopted by a population.
p.51
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is necessary for effective intervention to reach more people?
It needs to be disseminated.
p.2
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What factors are discussed in relation to the adoption process?
Factors affecting the adoption process.
p.7
Persuasion in Health Communication
What does the Communication-Persuasion Model (McGuire 1976, 2001) describe?
The influence of public communication on attitudes and behaviors.
p.13
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What is a significant challenge for public health and health promotion?
The diffusion of effective programs and ideas.
p.26
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What is a challenge regarding the trialability of the Dvorak layout?
It is not easy to find one to try.
p.11
Persuasion in Health Communication
Why is it important to tailor the anti-smoking program for different groups?
Different groups have unique characteristics and needs that affect their receptiveness to the message.
p.33
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is the innovation-decision process?
The mental process through which an individual passes from first knowledge of an innovation to confirmation of the decision.
p.50
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
What is a limitation of the theory discussed in the lesson?
Much of the evidence for this theory did not originate in public health.
p.50
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
Does the theory apply explicitly to the adoption of new behaviors or health innovations?
No, it was not developed to explicitly apply to them.
p.48
Communication Process
What program is discussed in the lesson?
HIV prevention program in South Africa.
p.17
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What role do communication channels play in the Diffusion of Innovations?
They facilitate the spread of innovations.
p.33
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What does the decision step in the innovation-decision process involve?
The person engages in activities that lead to a choice to adopt or reject the innovation.
p.47
Communication Channels in Health Promotion
What method was created to provide information about VMMC?
An SMS number for men and women to text for answers and clinic directions.
p.33
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is the final step in the 5-step innovation-decision process?
Confirmation - the person evaluates the results of an innovation-decision already made.
What is feedback in the communication process?
A reaction or response transmitted back to the sender.
What can affect the sincerity of a message?
The willingness of the sender and the context of the communication.
p.37
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What is a common trait of the Early Majority in terms of innovation adoption?
They need to see evidence that the innovation works before adopting it.
p.37
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
How does the Late Majority typically respond to social norms?
They are responsive to social norms and will adopt innovations only after the majority has tried them.
p.16
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What type of communication does diffusion represent?
A special type of communication in which the messages are about a new idea.
p.15
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is the end result of the diffusion process according to the theory?
People adopting a new idea, behavior, or product.
p.49
Challenges in Health Behavior Diffusion
Why might people not pay attention to certain innovations?
Because they don't know about them.
p.50
Communication Process
What is prohibited without prior written consent according to the lesson?
Reproduction, distribution, republication, and/or retransmission of the contents.
p.36
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
Do Early adopters need information to convince them to change?
No, they do not need information to convince them to change.
p.7
Persuasion in Health Communication
What is the purpose of the input-output matrix in the Communication-Persuasion Model?
To analyze the relationship between inputs and outputs in communication efforts.
p.3
Health Behavior Models
What does the Theory of Planned Behavior suggest influences an individual's intention to engage in a behavior?
Attitude toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control.
p.17
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What are the key elements of the Diffusion of Innovations?
Innovation, communication channels, social system, and time.
p.3
Stages of Change Model
What are the key stages in the Stages of Change Model?
Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.
p.40
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What strategies are effective for Laggards?
Statistics, fear appeals, and pressure from people in the other adopter groups.
p.47
Persuasion in Health Communication
How did the program connect men to the experiences of their peers?
By interviewing men who underwent the VMMC procedure and publicizing the interviews through a national campaign.
p.33
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What happens during the implementation step of the innovation-decision process?
The person puts an innovation into use.
p.36
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What characterizes Early adopters?
They represent opinion leaders, are aware of the need to change, and are comfortable adopting new ideas.
p.7
Persuasion in Health Communication
What factors determine the effectiveness of a communication effort according to the Communication-Persuasion Model?
Various inputs and their characteristics, as well as the outputs of interest.
p.27
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is the main focus of the lesson's discussion?
Comparing and contrasting the Plastic Bag Levy and BYOB Campaign in 1993 regarding their attributes of innovation.
p.16
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
How is diffusion related to dissemination?
Diffusion is the direct or indirect outcome of dissemination efforts.
p.47
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is the purpose of the HIV prevention program in South Africa?
To promote Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC).
p.17
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
Why is time an important element in the Diffusion of Innovations?
It affects how quickly an innovation is adopted.
p.10
Stages of Change Model
What is the thirteenth stage in the process of quitting smoking?
Converting (encouraging or advising others to quit smoking).
p.21
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What does Compatibility refer to in innovation adoption?
How consistent the innovation is with the values, experiences, and needs of the potential adopters.
p.37
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What are the characteristics of the Early Majority adopter category?
They rarely lead but adopt new ideas before the average person, are highly interconnected with a peer system, and typically need to see evidence that the innovation works.
p.21
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What is Relative Advantage in the context of innovation adoption?
The degree to which an innovation is seen as better than the idea, program, or product it replaces.
p.32
Diffusion of Innovations Theory
What is the first way time is involved in diffusion?
Innovation - decision process.
p.21
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What is Trialability?
The extent to which the innovation can be tested or experimented with before a commitment to adopt is made.
p.53
Health Behavior Models
加衛苗可能引起哪些輕微副作用？
注射位置疼痛、腫脹、流血、泛紅或痕癢，約10%的人會有輕微至中度發燒。
p.21
Factors Influencing Adoption of Innovations
What does Observability mean in relation to innovation?
The extent to which the benefits of the innovation are easily identified and visible to others.
What does the sender do in the communication process?
Encodes a message and transmits it through a channel.
What is the Shannon-Weaver model?
A model that outlines the communication process including sender, message, channel, and receiver.
p.37
Strategies for Different Adopter Categories
What defines the Late Majority adopter category?
They are skeptical of change, responsive to social norms, will only adopt an innovation after it has been tried by the majority, and have low tolerance for uncertainty.
