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In the V-Spread Technique, two fingers are placed on either side of a cranial suture, and gentle pressure is applied to ___ the suture and relieve tension.
spread
The osteopathic approach prioritizes treating the whole patient, ensuring both ___ and mind are addressed in therapy.
body
1/217
p.20
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

In the V-Spread Technique, two fingers are placed on either side of a cranial suture, and gentle pressure is applied to ___ the suture and relieve tension.

spread

p.4
Integration of Mind and Body in Treatment

The osteopathic approach prioritizes treating the whole patient, ensuring both ___ and mind are addressed in therapy.

body

p.10
Management and Referral for TMD

Avoidance of triggers like chewing gum, large bites, and ___ is recommended for TMD management.

hard foods

p.6
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

___ and postural imbalances related to body mechanics can exacerbate TMJ strain.

Upper cross syndrome

p.3
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

___ manipulation relieves muscle tension and enhances circulation.

Soft tissue

p.1
Contributions of A.T. Still to Psychiatry

A.T. Still, the founder of Osteopathy in 1874, focused on the interrelationship between the body, ___, and psychiatric conditions.

nervous system

p.6
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

As the muscles of ___ work harder to maintain alignment, they become hypertonic, leading to pain and dysfunction.

mastication

p.20
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

Venous Sinus Drainage helps relieve pressure and improve fluid drainage from the cranial ___ ___.

venous sinuses

p.10
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

For the medial pterygoid, the jaw is glided ___ from the tender point to treat dysfunction.

away

p.11
Integration of Mind and Body in Treatment

The body possesses inherent mechanisms for ___, ___, and ___.

self-regulation, healing, maintenance

p.10
Management and Referral for TMD

Referral to a specialist is indicated for limited jaw opening or ___ movement.

lateral

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In a vault hold, a lateral strain will make the head feel like a ___.

parallelogram

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In SBS compression, the cranium feels ___ and lacks the normal rhythmic motion (CRI).

rigid

p.11
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Changes in ___ (e.g., thickening, tightness, or rigidity) provide clues about somatic dysfunction.

tissue texture

p.6
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The TMJ is a ___ joint, meaning both joints function together.

bicondylar

p.11
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

William G. Sutherland, D.O., demonstrated how cranial bones are not fixed but exhibit ___ motion.

subtle

p.11
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The Primary Respiratory Mechanism (PRM) encompasses ___, ___, and ___ motion.

biomechanical, functional, biodynamic

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Trauma or injury to the ___ can be a possible cause of TMD.

TMJ

p.19
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

The ___ technique is used for frontal bone dysfunctions, often to treat restrictions in frontal bone motion or improve sinus drainage.

Frontal Lift

p.4
Psychophysiological Connections in Psychiatry

OMT has been shown to improve ___ variability, decrease alpha-amylase levels, and modulate cortisol production.

heart rate

p.3
Integration of Mind and Body in Treatment

The holistic osteopathic approach emphasizes treating the patient as a whole, recognizing that ___ and ___ states directly influence physical health.

emotional, mental

p.3
Integration of Mind and Body in Treatment

Treating somatic dysfunctions in the ___ spine can alleviate symptoms of schizophrenia.

upper cervical

p.3
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

A pilot study in premenopausal women receiving OMT alongside medication and psychotherapy demonstrated significant improvements in ___ symptoms.

depressive

p.3
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

___ release (MFR) releases restrictions in fascia to improve mobility.

Myofascial

p.11
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In the cranial context, ___ is evaluated in terms of both the bones and membranes of the cranium.

Range of Motion (ROM)

p.14
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The sacrum moves in response to the cranial motion via the dural attachments, especially at ___.

S2

p.14
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The sacral motion is synchronized with the ___'s movement.

occiput

p.14
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Nutation is an ___ movement of the sacral base.

anterior

p.2
Psychophysiological Connections in Psychiatry

The ___ axis plays a crucial role in regulating stress responses and is often dysregulated in psychiatric disorders.

HPA (Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal)

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In a flexion dysfunction, the SBS moves freely into cranial flexion but is restricted in ___.

extension

p.4
Indications and Contraindications for OMT

OMT can be used effectively for psychiatric patients with conditions like ___ disorders, somatic symptom disorder, and conversion disorder.

anxiety

p.10
Management and Referral for TMD

Moist heat or ___ can be used for pain relief in TMD management.

ice

p.6
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Sex hormones such as ___ may influence the connective tissue and joint structures in TMD patients.

estrogen

p.1
History of Psychiatry and Osteopathic Medicine

In the early 18th century, the recognition of ___ led to the establishment of hospitals for mental health treatment.

mental disorders

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

SBS compression occurs when the ___ and ___ are forced together, impairing flexion and extension.

sphenoid, occiput

p.1
Contributions of A.T. Still to Psychiatry

A.T. Still theorized that psychiatric disorders might arise from abnormalities in the ___ and ___ systems.

nervous, vascular

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In a vault hold, the index finger on the side of the higher sphenoid will feel ___, while the opposite side will feel lower.

elevated

p.16
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

During flexion, the SBS moves ___ as the base of the sphenoid and occiput rotate in opposite directions around their respective ___ axes.

cephalad (upward), transverse

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Sidebending and rotation are named for the side of ___.

convexity

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The mandibular condyle articulates with the ___ of the temporal bone.

mandibular fossa (glenoid fossa)

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The articular disc is a ___, fibrous structure located between the condyle and the fossa.

biconcave

p.12
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Paired bones, such as the parietals, temporals, and maxillae, exhibit ___ and ___ rotation.

internal, external

p.16
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

During SBS extension, paired cranial bones move into ___.

internal rotation

p.9
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

Muscle Energy (ME) technique treats ___ muscles by engaging the restricted muscles and having the patient activate the opposing muscles to correct imbalances.

hypertonic

p.15
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The sacrum moves in conjunction with ___ motion, influenced by the dura mater and ___.

cranial, PRM

p.4
Indications and Contraindications for OMT

OMT should be avoided in patients who are actively ___ or who have not established a strong therapeutic relationship with the physician.

psychotic

p.3
Integration of Mind and Body in Treatment

Emotional stress, such as anxiety or depression, can manifest as ___ dysfunction.

somatic

p.3
Integration of Mind and Body in Treatment

OMT treatments addressing chronic fatigue or ___ can help restore normal function to affected musculoskeletal regions.

hypochondria

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Lateral strains are named for the direction the ___ moves.

basisphenoid

p.6
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Weakness in the ___ leads to the forward head position, contributing to TMJ dysfunction.

deep neck flexors

p.16
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The Sphenobasilar Synchondrosis (SBS) is the primary joint involved in cranial motion, located between the ___ and the ___.

basisphenoid, basiocciput

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In flexion, the SBS ___ and the paired bones externally rotate.

rises

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Sidebending and rotation occur around three axes: one ___ axis and two ___ axes.

A-P, vertical

p.16
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

In SBS flexion, paired cranial bones, such as the parietals and temporals, move into ___.

external rotation

p.12
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The base of the skull originates from ___ and includes the body of the sphenoid, the petrous portions of the temporals, and the basilar occiput.

cartilage

p.12
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Unpaired bones, such as the occiput, sphenoid, ethmoid, and vomer, move primarily in ___ and ___.

flexion, extension

p.2
Psychophysiological Connections in Psychiatry

Chronically elevated ___ can lead to structural changes in the brain, including reduced hippocampal and prefrontal cortex volume.

cortisol

p.19
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

The ___ technique treats parietal bone dysfunction, particularly in cases where the parietal bones are restricted.

Parietal Lift

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Poor posture places additional strain on the ___ and leads to overuse of the muscles responsible for jaw closing.

TMJ

p.12
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Paired bones rotate externally during ___, widening the head, and internally during ___, narrowing the head.

flexion, extension

p.14
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The brain and spinal cord exhibit a rhythmic, ___ cycle of motion.

biphasic

p.14
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The dura mater acts as a suspension system for the CNS and is key to ___ motion.

cranial-sacral

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The gliding motion enables anterior translation (protrusion) during jaw opening and posterior translation (___) during jaw closing.

retrusion

p.20
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

Venous Sinus Drainage is indicated for ___, sinus issues, and SBS compression.

venous congestion

p.10
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

For the masseter, the jaw is glided ___ the tender point to release tension.

toward

p.3
Integration of Mind and Body in Treatment

By relieving somatic dysfunctions, ___ can help reduce emotional tension and contribute to the overall improvement of psychiatric symptoms.

OMT

p.3
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

OMT has been shown to reduce physical symptoms associated with psychiatric disorders, such as ___ and ___, by normalizing the body's structural integrity.

depression, anxiety

p.1
History of Psychiatry and Osteopathic Medicine

___ developed the theory of the unconscious mind and pioneered psychoanalysis in the early 1900s.

Sigmund Freud

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In a torsion, the SBS rotates around an ___ axis, with the sphenoid and occiput rotating in opposite directions.

A-P

p.19
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

A compressive force at the ___ reduces the normal motion of flexion and extension, impairing the cranial rhythmic impulse (CRI).

SBS

p.1
Contributions of A.T. Still to Psychiatry

The Still-Hildreth Sanatorium, established in 1914, specialized in the osteopathic treatment of ___ and ___ disorders.

psychiatric, neuropsychiatric

p.6
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The TMJ connects the ___ (lower jaw) to the ___ bone of the skull.

mandible, temporal

p.1
Contributions of A.T. Still to Psychiatry

Osteopaths at the Still-Hildreth Sanatorium documented ___ in psychiatric patients, leading to the recognition of specific lesions.

somatic dysfunction

p.1
Psychophysiological Connections in Psychiatry

The connection between the mind (psyche) and body (soma) is a central theme in ___ psychiatry.

osteopathic

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Excessive mouth opening or prolonged dental work can strain the joint and lead to ___.

TMD

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Chronic teeth clenching or grinding (___) can lead to muscle overuse and joint degeneration.

bruxism

p.12
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

During flexion, the sphenoid and occiput rotate in ___ directions, expanding the transverse diameter of the skull and decreasing the anterior-posterior (A-P) diameter.

opposite

p.14
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Palpation in PRM dysfunction evaluation includes evaluating the cranial bones, dura mater, and ___ fluctuation for irregularities.

CSF

p.2
Somatic Symptom Disorders and Their Characteristics

Somatic Symptom Disorder is characterized by one or more ___ symptoms that cause distress and interfere with daily life.

physical

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Retrodiscal tissue, located posterior to the disc, contains loose connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, and ___ fibers.

elastic

p.4
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

Counterstrain Techniques relieve tender points by positioning the body in a way that reduces ___.

tension

p.10
Management and Referral for TMD

___ or splints are used to prevent bruxism in conservative management of TMD.

Night guards

p.10
Management and Referral for TMD

___, analgesics, and muscle relaxants are used to alleviate pain in TMD.

NSAIDs

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In an inferior vertical strain, the index fingers move ___ and the little fingers move ___.

superiorly, inferiorly

p.10
Management and Referral for TMD

Referral to a specialist is indicated if there is a failure of ___ management.

conservative

p.12
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The principle of body unity suggests that ___ motion influences the entire musculoskeletal system and internal health.

cranial

p.13
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The fluctuation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contributes to the regulation of ___ and protection of the brain and spinal cord.

intracranial pressure

p.13
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The dura mater forms the ___, which responds to the motion of the CNS and CSF, influencing cranial bones and sacral motion.

Reciprocal Tension Membrane (RTM)

p.13
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Cranial sutures exhibit subtle movement in response to the ___, maintaining skull flexibility and function.

Primary Respiratory Mechanism (PRM)

p.14
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Counternutation is a ___ movement of the sacral base.

posterior

p.14
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The PRM integrates the CNS, CSF, cranial bones, membranes, and sacrum into a ___ system.

unified

p.1
Psychophysiological Connections in Psychiatry

Emotional or psychological stress often manifests as physical symptoms, such as ___ headaches, muscle pain, or back pain.

tension

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In an extension dysfunction, the SBS moves freely into cranial extension but is restricted in ___.

flexion

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The thick posterior zone of the articular disc is positioned between the ___ and the temporal bone.

mandibular condyle

p.16
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Sacral motion is directly linked to cranial motion via the dural attachment at ___.

S2

p.16
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

During cranial flexion, the sacral base moves ___ into ___.

posteriorly, counternutation

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Untreated TMD can lead to inflammation and swelling within the ___.

joint capsule

p.14
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Cranial bones exhibit subtle motion along their ___.

sutures

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Discomfort in or around the ear, often mistaken for ear infections, is a symptom of ___ related to TMD.

ear-related pain

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Dizziness or vertigo caused by the TMJ's proximity to the ___ system is a symptom of TMD.

vestibular

p.20
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

The V-Spread Technique is used to release ___ and promote mobility in specific cranial sutures.

sutural restrictions

p.4
Integration of Mind and Body in Treatment

OMM allows osteopathic physicians to treat both physical and mental health symptoms by addressing the full spectrum of ___ and psychological issues.

somatic

p.6
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

More than ___ million people in the United States have been diagnosed with TMD.

10

p.11
Integration of Mind and Body in Treatment

Osteopathic Cranial Manipulative Medicine (OCMM) is founded on core tenets addressing the ___ person.

whole

p.10
Management and Referral for TMD

Suspected pathology such as ___ or neuralgia is an indication for referral to a specialist.

tumor

p.11
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

___ identifies deviations in the structure or function of cranial bones that may affect overall body health.

Asymmetry

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Flexion and extension occur around two ___ axes: one through the body of the sphenoid and the other through the occiput.

transverse

p.11
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The craniosacral system involves the coordinated motion between the ___ and ___ through the dura mater.

cranium, sacrum

p.19
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Non-physiologic strain patterns include ___, ___, and ___.

vertical strains, lateral strains, SBS compression

p.9
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

During the physical examination for TMJ dysfunction, observation involves watching for abnormal jaw movements such as jaw ___ or incomplete opening.

deviation

p.9
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Palpation of the TMJs during a physical examination for TMJ dysfunction involves checking for ___ (grinding), tenderness, and any irregular movements.

crepitus

p.9
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Normal range of motion (ROM) for jaw opening is ___ mm, with the ideal range around 50 mm.

41-69

p.19
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

The ___ technique involves the practitioner gently lifting the frontal bones by placing their hands on the frontal bone, disengaging any restrictions to allow normal cranial motion.

Frontal Lift

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Conditions such as ___ and rheumatoid arthritis can damage the joint and lead to TMD.

osteoarthritis

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In an extension dysfunction, the head feels ___ and narrower.

longer

p.14
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Motion testing helps detect restrictions or abnormalities in the motion of the cranial bones and membranes, aiding in diagnosing ___ dysfunctions related to the PRM.

somatic

p.9
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

To treat a hypertonic masseter on the right side using Muscle Energy (ME), move the jaw slightly open and to the ___, then ask the patient to gently push their jaw closed and to the ___ against resistance.

left, right

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The hinge motion allows for rotation around a ___ axis and is responsible for the depression and elevation of the jaw.

transverse

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

In dental literature, the gliding motion is often referred to as ___.

translation

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Hearing loss or diminished hearing can occur due to the close anatomical relationship between the TMJ and the ___.

middle ear structures

p.15
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The movement of the sacrum is crucial for the overall health and function of the ___ region and ___.

pelvic, spine

p.4
Indications and Contraindications for OMT

Be cautious with patients who have a history of ___ or trauma, as touch-based treatments might trigger emotional distress.

abuse

p.11
Integration of Mind and Body in Treatment

Osteopathy views the body as an integrated system where the ___, ___, and ___ are interconnected.

mind, body, spirit

p.10
Management and Referral for TMD

Tricyclic antidepressants may be prescribed for chronic pain or associated ___ in TMD.

stress

p.11
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

The Diagnostic Triad in cranial osteopathy includes ___, ___, and ___.

Asymmetry, Range of Motion (ROM), Tissue Texture Changes

p.3
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

___ OMM involves gentle manipulations of the cranial bones to affect the central nervous system.

Cranial

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Torsions are named for the higher ___ of the sphenoid.

greater wing

p.9
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

In Anterior Disc Displacement with Reduction (ADDwR), the disc is displaced ___ but returns to its normal position when the mouth opens, often producing a clicking sound.

anteriorly

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Torsions occur along an ___ axis, with the sphenoid and occiput rotating in opposite directions.

anteroposterior (A-P)

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Torsions are named for the side of the ___ of the sphenoid.

higher greater wing

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Sidebending and rotation involve three axes: two ___ axes and one ___ axis.

vertical, A-P

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Vertical strains result from the sphenoid and occiput rotating in the same direction around their ___ axes.

transverse

p.18
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Lateral strains result from the sphenoid and occiput rotating in the same direction around their ___ axes.

vertical

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The articular disc is made of dense ___ connective tissue, which lacks blood supply and is more resistant to wear.

fibrous

p.13
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The Reciprocal Tension Membrane (RTM) acts like a ___ system, balancing tension to maintain proper cranial function.

suspension

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Vertical strains occur when the sphenoid and occiput rotate in the ___ direction around their respective transverse axes.

same

p.16
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

In cranial extension, the sacrum moves ___ into ___.

anteriorly, nutation

p.2
Somatic Symptom Disorders and Their Characteristics

Illness Anxiety Disorder is defined by preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious ___.

illness

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Tenderness around the ___ joint is a common sign of TMD.

temporomandibular

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Ringing in the ears, often associated with TMJ dysfunction, is known as ___.

tinnitus

p.20
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

In Venous Sinus Drainage, the practitioner applies a gentle spreading motion across the sutures overlying the venous sinuses, starting at the ___ of sinuses and moving to the occipital, transverse, and sagittal sinuses.

confluence

p.3
Somatic Symptom Disorders and Their Characteristics

Patients with factitious disorder intentionally fabricate or exaggerate symptoms for ___ reasons.

psychological

p.6
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

The majority of patients with TMD are biological women in their ___ years.

childbearing

p.6
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Forward head posture places excessive strain on the neck and jaw muscles, leading to chronic tension and overuse of the ___ and ___.

temporalis, masseter

p.6
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Upper Cross Syndrome involves tightness in the posterior neck muscles such as the ___ and ___.

trapezius, levator scapulae

p.6
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Chronic mouth opening due to posture leads to fatigue and overuse of ___ muscles.

jaw

p.1
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine (OMM) was formally integrated as an adjunct treatment for psychiatric disorders in the ___ 1900s.

early

p.12
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The vault of the skull is made from ___ bone and includes the frontal bone, parietal bones, occipital squama, and temporal squama.

membranous

p.1
Contributions of A.T. Still to Psychiatry

The Still-Hildreth Sanatorium was founded by A.T. Still’s sons and ___ in Macon, Missouri.

Arthur Hildreth

p.13
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The sacrum moves in coordination with cranial motion, influenced by the pull of the ___.

dura mater

p.13
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The Cranial Rhythmic Impulse (CRI) reflects the rhythmic movement of the PRM, occurring at a rate of ___ cycles per minute.

8-12

p.13
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The biphasic cycle of the CNS involves phases of ___ and ___ followed by ___ and ___, driving the motion of the cranial bones and influencing the movement of the sacrum.

shortening, thickening, lengthening, thinning

p.13
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The fluctuation of CSF is essential for maintaining proper ___ and nourishing the CNS.

cranial pressure

p.16
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

In SBS extension, the head feels ___ laterally, and the A-P diameter ___.

narrower, increases

p.9
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

Masseter Counterstrain involves gliding the jaw toward the side of the ___ point to relieve tension in the masseter muscle.

tender

p.9
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

Medial Pterygoid Counterstrain involves gliding the jaw ___ from the tender point to treat the medial pterygoid muscle.

away

p.14
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

CSF plays a crucial role in protecting the brain, regulating intracranial pressure, and circulating ___.

nutrients

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The gliding (arthrodial) motion of the TMJ occurs between the condyle-disc complex and the mandibular fossa within the ___ joint cavity.

upper

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Pain or discomfort during ___ can lead to changes in diet for TMD patients.

mastication

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Between ___% of adults experience at least one sign of TMD, while ___% report symptoms.

40%-75%, 33%

p.4
Indications and Contraindications for OMT

OMT is indicated for patients with ___ dysfunctions related to psychiatric conditions.

somatic

p.6
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Only ___% to ___% of people with TMD seek medical care, indicating underreporting or tolerance of symptoms.

3, 7

p.11
Integration of Mind and Body in Treatment

The body's ___ (bones, muscles, fascia, etc.) is intimately related to ___ (movement, organ operation, etc.).

structure, function

p.10
Management and Referral for TMD

Abnormal jaw tracking or ___ jaw positions are indications for referral to a specialist.

locked

p.1
History of Psychiatry and Osteopathic Medicine

Carl Jung expanded on Freud's ideas by developing ___, introducing concepts like introversion and extraversion.

analytical psychology

p.13
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The inherent mobility of the brain and spinal cord is characterized by subtle rhythmic motion reflecting the ___ and ___ cycles of the CNS.

shortening/thickening, lengthening/thinning

p.16
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Motion at the SBS is crucial for the proper functioning of the ___, and it dictates the movement of other cranial bones.

Primary Respiratory Mechanism (PRM)

p.2
Psychophysiological Connections in Psychiatry

John Sarno’s theory linked chronic back pain to unresolved ___ tension.

emotional

p.2
Psychophysiological Connections in Psychiatry

Viscerosomatic and Somatopsychological Pathways suggest that treating ___ dysfunctions may alleviate emotional stress.

musculoskeletal

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In a vault hold, the side of the convexity will feel ___ and broader, while the concave side will feel narrower.

fuller

p.2
Psychophysiological Connections in Psychiatry

Increased ___ nervous system activity can be measured by heart rate variability or cortisol levels in psychiatric disorders.

sympathetic

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In a flexion dysfunction, the head feels ___ and shorter.

wider

p.12
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The ___ is the primary site of cranial motion, located where the sphenoid meets the basilar part of the occiput.

Sphenobasilar Synchondrosis (SBS)

p.2
Psychophysiological Connections in Psychiatry

The ___ system modulates stress responses and is linked to psychiatric conditions like anxiety and depression.

endocannabinoid

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Abnormal movements or trauma can displace the ___ from its normal position, leading to pain and dysfunction.

articular disc

p.12
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The Primary Respiratory Mechanism (PRM) is the inherent motion mechanism within the cranial and spinal systems that facilitates ___, ___, and ___ system function.

respiration, circulation, nervous

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Untreated TMD can result in the development of ___ joint disease (DJD).

degenerative

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

During jaw closing, the condyle and disc return ___ to their resting position in the fossa.

posteriorly

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Difficulty or inability to open the mouth fully, also known as ___, is a symptom of TMD.

hypomobility

p.19
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Physiologic strain patterns include ___, ___, and ___.

flexion/extension, torsions, sidebending rotation

p.9
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

In Anterior Disc Displacement without Reduction (ADDwoR), the disc remains displaced, and the jaw movement is restricted, often resulting in a ___ jaw.

locked

p.19
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Physiologic strain patterns are considered physiologic because they occur within the normal range of motion and do not impair the overall function of the ___.

cranial mechanism

p.19
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Non-physiologic strain patterns often impair the ___ and may require treatment to restore normal function.

PRM

p.16
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

During SBS flexion, the head feels like it ___ laterally and the anterior-posterior (A-P) diameter ___.

widens, shortens

p.16
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

In SBS extension, the SBS moves ___ as the sphenoid and occiput rotate in the opposite direction of flexion.

caudally (downward)

p.9
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

A jaw opening of more than ___ mm indicates hypermobility (excessive movement).

>70

p.12
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

During extension, the transverse diameter of the skull ___, and the A-P diameter ___.

decreases, increases

p.19
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

In the CV4 technique, the practitioner cups the occiput with the thenar eminences and resists flexion while following extension until a ___ is achieved.

Still Point

p.2
Somatic Symptom Disorders and Their Characteristics

Patients with Somatic Symptom Disorder exhibit excessive thoughts, anxiety, or behaviors related to their ___.

health

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Jaw opening involves anterior translation of the ___ and disc from the mandibular fossa.

condyle

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Both rotation and ___ occur during normal jaw opening and closing.

translation

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

A grinding sensation or sound that indicates degeneration of the joint surfaces in TMD is called ___.

crepitus

p.14
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The PRM operates ___ and rhythmically, influencing all systems in the body.

involuntarily

p.14
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Observation in PRM dysfunction evaluation involves assessing for ___ and other visual signs of dysfunction.

asymmetry

p.19
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

In the Parietal Lift technique, the practitioner applies gentle upward pressure to the ___, releasing any restrictions and restoring normal motion.

parietal bones

p.2
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) has been shown to positively affect ___ levels, potentially improving stress regulation.

endocannabinoid

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The thinner intermediate zone of the articular disc bears the most ___ during normal movement.

stress

p.2
Somatic Symptom Disorders and Their Characteristics

Symptoms of Somatic Symptom Disorder last for more than ___ months.

6

p.14
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The involuntary mobility of the sacrum occurs between the ___.

ilia

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Patients with TMD may report that their bite feels 'off' or that their teeth do not fit together properly, a condition known as ___.

bite misalignment

p.9
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

A jaw opening of less than ___ mm indicates hypomobility (restricted movement).

<40

p.13
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The ___ plays a key role in coordinating cranial and sacral movement, responding to the fluctuation of the CNS and CSF.

dura mater

p.19
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) Techniques

The CV4 technique is effective for ___, cranial rhythm dysfunction, and general PRM restoration.

SBS compression

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Anterior disc displacement is common and can cause ___ or locking.

clicking

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

In a superior vertical strain, the index fingers move ___, and the little fingers move superiorly.

inferiorly

p.2
Somatic Symptom Disorders and Their Characteristics

Patients with Illness Anxiety Disorder show high levels of ___ even though medical evaluations fail to identify a significant health issue.

anxiety

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Aching in the ___ muscles, exacerbated by talking, chewing, or yawning, is a symptom of TMD.

facial

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Although rare, some patients experience ___ problems due to TMJ dysfunction.

vision

p.13
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Cranial sutures are designed with specific ___ orientations that guide cranial bone motion, ensuring both flexibility and stability during PRM fluctuations.

bevel

p.17
Evaluation and Treatment of Cranial Strain Patterns

Vertical strains are named based on the position of the ___ relative to the basiocciput.

basisphenoid

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

The hinge (ginglymoid) motion of the TMJ occurs between the mandibular condyle and the articular disc within the ___ joint cavity.

lower

p.2
Somatic Symptom Disorders and Their Characteristics

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder involves ___ symptoms that cannot be explained by medical evaluation.

neurological

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Episodes where the jaw locks in either an open or closed position, often accompanied by pain, are referred to as ___.

jaw locking

p.8
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

During jaw opening, the thin intermediate zone of the articular disc remains between the condyle and the ___ of the temporal bone.

articular eminence

p.7
Cranial Anatomy and Primary Respiratory Mechanism

Both the hinge and glide motions occur ___ during normal jaw movement, allowing smooth and coordinated opening and closing.

simultaneously

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Headaches, often tension-type, originating from the jaw muscles or referred from the TMJ, are a symptom of ___.

TMD

p.5
Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)

Noises in the jaw during movement, which may or may not be associated with pain, are known as ___ or ___.

clicking, popping sounds

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