p.3
Entamoeba histolytica and Amebiasis
What are the treatments for Amebiasis?
Paromomycin and metronidazole.
p.6
Life Cycle of Naegleria fowleri
What are the flagellated forms in the life cycle of Naegleria fowleri?
It exists as flagellated forms.
p.2
Life Cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides
What occurs after larvae hatch from Ascaris lumbricoides eggs?
They invade the intestinal mucosa.
p.2
Life Cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides
What is the final destination of Ascaris lumbricoides larvae after maturing in the lungs?
They are swallowed and reach the small intestine.
p.1
Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascariasis
What are some complications associated with Ascaris lumbricoides infection?
Abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, occlusion of biliary tract, appendicitis, nasopharyngeal expulsion.
p.3
Entamoeba histolytica and Amebiasis
What are common symptoms of Amebiasis?
Diarrhea, flatulence, and cramping abdominal pain.
p.4
Life Cycle of Entamoeba histolytica
What can happen if trophozoites invade the intestinal mucosa?
It leads to intestinal disease.
p.6
Life Cycle of Naegleria fowleri
What condition can Naegleria fowleri cause when it migrates to the brain?
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis.
p.6
Life Cycle of Naegleria fowleri
What form does Naegleria fowleri take after the cyst stage?
It exists as trophozoites.
p.6
Life Cycle of Naegleria fowleri
How do trophozoites replicate in Naegleria fowleri?
They replicate by promitosis and can convert to flagellated forms.
p.8
Ectoparasites and Scabies
What is the effect of scratching lesions caused by scabies?
It can lead to infections like impetigo.
p.2
Life Cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides
How long does it take for fertilized eggs to develop to infectivity?
18 days to several weeks.
p.6
Life Cycle of Naegleria fowleri
Where can Naegleria fowleri be found in the body?
In cerebrospinal fluid and tissue.
p.5
Naegleria fowleri and Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis
What is the treatment for Naegleria fowleri infection?
High-dose amphotericin B and rifampin, especially with early diagnosis.
What are common clinical symptoms of malaria?
Chills, headache, myalgias, nausea, vomiting, anemia, enlarged liver and spleen.
p.1
Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascariasis
What is the treatment for Ascaris lumbricoides infection?
Albendazole, mebendazole, pyrantel pamoate.
p.4
Life Cycle of Entamoeba histolytica
What happens to trophozoites after excystation?
They migrate to the large intestine.
p.5
Naegleria fowleri and Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis
Where is Naegleria fowleri commonly found?
In warm freshwater lakes, rivers, hot springs, and poorly maintained swimming pools.
p.2
Life Cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides
How are Ascaris lumbricoides larvae carried to the lungs?
Via the portal and then systemic circulation.
p.1
Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascariasis
What are the symptoms of heavy Ascaris lumbricoides infection in children?
Stunted growth via malnutrition.
p.5
Naegleria fowleri and Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis
What are the effects of Naegleria fowleri on the brain?
It infects the brain and destroys brain tissues, causing extensive hemorrhage and necrosis.
p.8
Ectoparasites and Scabies
What condition often arises in people with scabies?
Impetigo, due to scratching of lesions.
p.3
Entamoeba histolytica and Amebiasis
How is Entamoeba histolytica transmitted?
From person to person via contaminated food or water.
p.1
Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascariasis
What is the significance of Ascaris lumbricoides in terms of intestinal helminths?
It is the largest and most common intestinal helminth.
p.2
Life Cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides
What is the first step in the life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides?
Ingestion of infective eggs.
p.2
Life Cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides
What happens to the larvae in the lungs of Ascaris lumbricoides?
They mature and penetrate the alveolar walls.
p.7
Plasmodium Infections and Malaria
Which species of Plasmodium are known to cause malaria?
Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum.
p.2
Life Cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides
Where do adult Ascaris lumbricoides worms live?
In the lumen of the small intestine.
p.6
Life Cycle of Naegleria fowleri
How do trophozoites infect humans or animals?
By penetrating nasal mucosa (e.g., swimming or sinus irrigation).
p.5
Naegleria fowleri and Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis
What serious condition does Naegleria fowleri cause?
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis.
p.5
Naegleria fowleri and Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis
What are some symptoms of Naegleria fowleri infection?
Fever, nausea, and vomiting.
