p.5
Overview of Fungal Taxonomy
What are Hyphochitryidiomycota and Labyrinthulomycota?
Less common groups with unique life cycles and ecological roles.
p.5
Overview of Fungal Taxonomy
What group do Stramenopila likely derive from?
The protist group containing golden-brown algae and diatoms.
p.8
Basidiomycota Features and Life Cycle
What are the characteristics of Basidiomycota?
They have septate hyphae and basidia with basidiospores.
p.5
Fungus-Like Organisms and Their Classification
What diseases do Plasmodiophoromycota cause?
They are parasites of plants, causing diseases like clubroot in crucifers.
p.1
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
What is the main purpose of studying the major phyla within the Kingdom Fungi?
To understand their distinguishable features and evolutionary significance.
p.7
Zygomycota Life Cycle and Significance
What is the significance of Entomophthora in Zygomycetes?
It causes infections on houseflies.
p.7
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
What are the main genera of Chytrids mentioned?
Rhizophydium, Rhizophlyctis, Monoblepharella, Olpidium, Polychytrium, Gonapodya, and Allomyces.
p.7
Chytridiomycota Characteristics and Ecology
What is a resting spore in Chytrids?
A spore that can survive unfavorable conditions, often found in zoosporangium.
p.5
Fungus-Like Organisms and Their Classification
What characterizes Protosteliomycota?
Amoebae capable of making simple fruiting bodies with a cellular stalk topped by spores.
p.8
Ascomycota Diversity and Reproduction
What are the characteristics of Ascomycota?
They have septate hyphae and asci with ascospores.
p.1
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What is the significance of the year 1969 in biological classification?
Whittaker proposed the 5 Kingdoms system.
p.2
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What classification system did Thomas Cavalier-Smith propose?
The Seven-Kingdom Scheme.
p.3
Chytridiomycota Characteristics and Ecology
What ecological roles do Chytridiomycota play?
They help in degrading organic matter and some species are pathogens of plants and animals.
p.8
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
What are the main groups within the Kingdom Fungi mentioned?
Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes.
p.1
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What year did Linnaeus publish his classification system?
1753 for Botany and 1758 for Zoology.
p.6
Overview of Fungal Taxonomy
What are the two types of zoospores in Oomycetes?
Primary (A) and secondary (B) zoospores.
p.3
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
What is unique about Zygomycota?
They form resistant zygospores during sexual reproduction.
p.4
Zygomycota Life Cycle and Significance
What ecological role do Zygomycota play?
They are saprotrophic fungi that decompose organic matter.
p.4
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
What is the largest phylum of fungi?
Ascomycota, representing about 75% of all described fungi.
p.6
Overview of Fungal Taxonomy
What kingdom includes Oomycetes?
Kingdom Chromista (Stramenopila).
p.3
Overview of Fungal Taxonomy
What are the seven kingdoms in the Seven-Kingdom Scheme?
Archaea, Bacteria, Protista, Fungi, Chromista, Plantae, Animalia.
p.2
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What are the five kingdoms in Whittaker's Five-Kingdom Scheme?
Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
p.3
Basidiomycota Features and Life Cycle
What characterizes Basidiomycota?
They include mushrooms and rusts, characterized by basidiospores produced on basidia.
p.3
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
What is the significance of Rhizophlyctis rosea?
It is a common cellulolytic fungus found in soils.
p.1
Overview of Fungal Taxonomy
What is the focus of the course MicroB 03?
Overview of the Taxonomy of Fungi and Fungus-Like Organisms.
p.1
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What significant classification system did Carl Linnaeus propose?
The Two-Kingdom Scheme: Plantae and Animalia.
p.5
Fungus-Like Organisms and Their Classification
What are Myxomycota known for?
Plasmodial slime molds, known for amoeboid movement and spore-producing fruiting bodies.
p.2
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What was Ernst Haeckel's contribution to biological classification?
He proposed the Three-Kingdom Scheme, which included Plantae, Protista, and Animalia.
p.1
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What is the starting point for nomenclature in Botany and Mycology?
The 10th edition of Linnaeus's work in 1753.
p.2
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
What additional groups are included in the Fungi kingdom according to Whittaker?
Oomycota, Chytridiomycota, Myxomycota, Acrasiomycota, Labyrinthulomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota.
p.3
Chytridiomycota Characteristics and Ecology
What are the general characteristics of Chytridiomycota?
Small, mostly aquatic fungi with cell walls composed of chitin and glucans, and motile zoospores with a single posterior flagellum.
p.4
Ascomycota Diversity and Reproduction
How are ascospores formed in Ascomycota?
Inside a sac-like structure called an ascus, typically with eight ascospores per ascus.
p.8
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
What are some examples of Ascomycetes?
Geoglossum, Cookeina, Scuttelinia, Chaetomium, Saccharomyces, Candida, Penicillium, Aspergillus.
p.8
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
What are some examples of Basidiomycetes?
Agaricus, Pleurotus, Amanita, Ganoderma, Thelephora, Coprinus, Auricularia, Tremella.
p.8
Overview of Fungal Taxonomy
What role do fungi play in ecosystems?
They have critical roles in ecosystems, agriculture, and human health.
p.5
Fungus-Like Organisms and Their Classification
What unique behavior do Dictyosteliomycota and Acrasiomycota exhibit?
They aggregate into multicellular structures.
p.7
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
Which genera are included in the Zygomycetes (Mucorales)?
Rhizopus, Cokeromyces, Thamnidium, Pilobolus, Helicostylum, and Syncephalastrum.
p.7
Zygomycota Life Cycle and Significance
What is the role of Basidiobolus in Zygomycetes?
It is cultured on agar medium.
p.2
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What classification system did Carl Richard Woese propose?
The Three Domains system.
p.3
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
How does Allomyces arbuscula reproduce?
It alternates between haploid and diploid generations in its life cycle.
p.1
Overview of Fungal Taxonomy
Who is the instructor for the course MicroB 03?
Prince Nur-Hakeem N. Buisan.
p.5
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
What is Oomycota known for?
Includes water molds like Phytophthora infestans, important plant pathogens.
p.7
Chytridiomycota Characteristics and Ecology
What type of zoospore do Chytrids have?
Posteriorly uniflagellate zoospore with a whiplash flagellum.
p.3
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What is the total number of taxa ranks mentioned in the hierarchy?
2 Superkingdom, 7 Kingdom, 11 Subkingdom, 8 Infrakingdom, 6 Superphylum, 96 Phylum, 60 Subphylum, 4 Infraphylum, 12 Superclass, 352 Class, 145 Subclass, 23 Infraclass, 52 Superorder, 1,468 Order.
p.3
Glomeromycota and Plant Root Symbiosis
What role do Glomeromycota play in ecology?
They are essential for plant root symbiosis.
p.2
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What are the three domains in Woese's classification?
Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucaryota.
p.4
Basidiomycota Features and Life Cycle
What is a defining feature of Basidiomycota?
The production of basidiospores on basidia.
p.8
Impact of Molecular Biology on Mycology
How is molecular biology impacting mycology?
Advances in molecular biology are reshaping our understanding of fungal diversity and evolution.
p.2
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What kingdoms are included in Haeckel's Three-Kingdom Scheme?
Plantae, Protista (including Myxomycetes), and Animalia.
p.4
Zygomycota Life Cycle and Significance
What is formed during the sexual reproduction of Zygomycota?
Zygospores, which are thick-walled resting spores.
p.4
Glomeromycota and Plant Root Symbiosis
What type of fungi are Glomeromycota?
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AM Fungi) that form mutualistic relationships with plant roots.
p.7
Zygomycota Life Cycle and Significance
What are the key characteristics of Zygomycetes?
Aseptate hyphae and the formation of zygospores.
p.5
Overview of Fungal Taxonomy
What is the significance of the Kingdom Protista in mycology?
It includes various groups like Protostelids and Acrasids that exhibit unique characteristics.
p.4
Major Phyla within the Kingdom Fungi
What type of hyphae do Zygomycota typically have?
Coenocytic hyphae that lack cross walls.
p.4
Zygomycota Life Cycle and Significance
What is the significance of Rhizopus stolonifer?
It is known as black bread mold and is important in spoilage and industrial fermentation.
p.4
Basidiomycota Features and Life Cycle
What is the role of clamp connections in Basidiomycota?
They help maintain the dikaryotic state during hyphal growth.
p.2
Evolution of Biological Classification Systems
What are the kingdoms in Cavalier-Smith's Seven-Kingdom Scheme?
Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Chromista, Animalia, and Plantae.
p.4
Glomeromycota and Plant Root Symbiosis
What do Glomeromycota enhance in plants?
Water and nutrient uptake, especially phosphorus.
p.3
Chytridiomycota Characteristics and Ecology
What is the life cycle of Chytridiomycota typically involve?
Both sexual and asexual phases.
p.4
Basidiomycota Features and Life Cycle
What is the life cycle of Basidiomycota characterized by?
Dikaryotic mycelium and the formation of basidiocarps (fruiting bodies).
