Question 1

OMT can be used effectively for psychiatric patients with conditions like ___ disorders, somatic symptom disorder, and conversion disorder.

Accepted Answer

anxiety

Question 2

One possible cause of TMD is trauma or injury to the ___.

Accepted Answer

TMJ

Question 3

During the physical examination for TMJ dysfunction, observation involves watching for abnormal jaw movements such as jaw ___ or incomplete opening.

Accepted Answer

deviation

Question 4

___, the founder of Osteopathy in 1874, focused on the interrelationship between the body, nervous system, and psychiatric conditions.

Accepted Answer

A.T. Still

Question 5

John Sarno’s theory linked chronic back pain to unresolved ___ tension.

Accepted Answer

emotional

Question 6

Avoid OMT in patients who are actively ___ or who have not established a strong therapeutic relationship with the physician.

Accepted Answer

psychotic

Question 7

Be cautious with patients who have a history of ___ or trauma, as touch-based treatments might trigger emotional distress.

Accepted Answer

abuse

Question 8

Emotional stress, such as anxiety or depression, can manifest as ___ dysfunction.

Accepted Answer

somatic

Question 9

For the medial pterygoid, the jaw is glided ___ from the tender point to treat dysfunction.

Accepted Answer

away

Question 10

Somatic Symptom Disorder is characterized by one or more ___ that cause distress and interfere with daily life.

Accepted Answer

physical symptoms

Question 11

Patients with Somatic Symptom Disorder exhibit excessive thoughts, anxiety, or behaviors related to their ___, often fixating on the severity of their symptoms.

Accepted Answer

health

Question 12

Illness Anxiety Disorder is defined by preoccupation with having or acquiring a ___ illness.

Accepted Answer

serious

Question 13

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder involves ___ symptoms that cannot be explained by medical evaluation.

Accepted Answer

neurological

Question 14

Masseter Counterstrain involves gliding the jaw toward the side of the ___ point to relieve tension in the masseter muscle.

Accepted Answer

tender

Question 15

Limited jaw opening or ___ movement is an indication for referral to a specialist.

Accepted Answer

lateral

Question 16

Only ___% to ___% of people with TMD seek medical care, indicating underreporting or tolerance of symptoms.

Accepted Answer

3, 7

Question 17

The majority of patients with TMD are biological ___ in their ___ years.

Accepted Answer

women, childbearing

Question 18

Upper Cross Syndrome involves tightness in the posterior neck muscles such as the ___ and ___ scapulae.

Accepted Answer

trapezius, levator

Question 19

The TMJ is a ___ joint, meaning both joints function together.

Accepted Answer

bicondylar

Question 20

Patients with TMD may report that their ___ feels 'off' or that their teeth do not fit together properly.

Accepted Answer

bite

Question 21

The thinner intermediate zone of the articular disc bears the most ___ during normal movement.

Accepted Answer

stress

Question 22

Hearing loss or diminished hearing can occur due to the close anatomical relationship between the TMJ and the ___ structures.

Accepted Answer

middle ear

Question 23

Although rare, some patients experience ___ problems due to TMJ dysfunction.

Accepted Answer

vision

Question 24

OMT is indicated for patients with ___ dysfunctions related to psychiatric conditions.

Accepted Answer

somatic

Question 25

In the early 1900s, ___ developed the theory of the unconscious mind and pioneered psychoanalysis for treating psychiatric disorders.

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud

Question 26

___ expanded on Freud's ideas by developing analytical psychology, introducing concepts like introversion and extraversion.

Accepted Answer

Carl Jung

Question 27

OMM allows osteopathic physicians to treat both physical and ___ health symptoms by addressing the full spectrum of somatic and psychological issues.

Accepted Answer

mental

Question 28

By relieving somatic dysfunctions, ___ can help reduce emotional tension and contribute to the overall improvement of psychiatric symptoms.

Accepted Answer

OMT

Question 29

Night guards or splints are used to prevent ___ in conservative management of TMD.

Accepted Answer

bruxism

Question 30

Moist heat or ___ can be used for pain relief in TMD management.

Accepted Answer

ice

Question 31

Avoidance of triggers like chewing gum, large bites, and ___ is recommended in TMD self-care.

Accepted Answer

hard foods

Question 32

___, analgesics, and muscle relaxants are used to alleviate pain in TMD.

Accepted Answer

NSAIDs

Question 33

___ manipulation relieves muscle tension and enhances circulation.

Accepted Answer

Soft tissue

Question 34

To treat a hypertonic masseter on the right side using Muscle Energy (ME), move the jaw slightly open and to the ___, then ask the patient to gently push their jaw closed and to the ___ against resistance.

Accepted Answer

left, right

Question 35

Suspected pathology, such as ___ or neuralgia, is an indication for referral to a specialist.

Accepted Answer

tumor

Question 36

Sex hormones such as ___ may influence the connective tissue and joint structures in TMD patients.

Accepted Answer

estrogen

Question 37

Chronic mouth opening due to posture leads to fatigue and overuse of ___ muscles.

Accepted Answer

jaw

Question 38

The TMJ connects the ___ (lower jaw) to the ___ bone of the skull.

Accepted Answer

mandible, temporal

Question 39

The articular disc is made of dense fibrous connective tissue, which differs from typical hyaline cartilage in that it lacks ___ and is more resistant to ___.

Accepted Answer

blood supply, wear

Question 40

Retrodiscal tissue, located posterior to the disc, contains loose connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, and ___.

Accepted Answer

elastic fibers

Question 41

Headaches, often tension-type, originating from the jaw muscles or referred from the TMJ, are a symptom of ___.

Accepted Answer

TMD

Question 42

___% of adults experience at least one sign of TMD, while 33% report symptoms.

Accepted Answer

40%-75%

Question 43

Counterstrain techniques relieve tender points by positioning the body in a way that reduces ___.

Accepted Answer

tension

Question 44

In Anterior Disc Displacement with Reduction (ADDwR), the disc is displaced ___ but returns to its normal position when the mouth opens, often producing a clicking sound.

Accepted Answer

anteriorly

Question 45

In Anterior Disc Displacement without Reduction (ADDwoR), the disc remains displaced, and the jaw movement is restricted, often resulting in a ___ jaw.

Accepted Answer

locked

Question 46

The ___ system modulates stress responses and is linked to psychiatric conditions like anxiety and depression.

Accepted Answer

endocannabinoid

Question 47

Chronic teeth clenching or grinding (bruxism) can lead to muscle overuse and ___.

Accepted Answer

joint degeneration

Question 48

Normal Range of Motion (ROM) for jaw opening is ___ mm, with the ideal range around 50 mm.

Accepted Answer

41-69

Question 49

Poor posture places additional strain on the TMJ and leads to overuse of the muscles responsible for ___.

Accepted Answer

jaw closing

Question 50

Abnormal movements or trauma can displace the ___ from its normal position, leading to pain and dysfunction.

Accepted Answer

articular disc

Question 51

Osteopaths at the Still-Hildreth Sanatorium documented ___ in psychiatric patients, leading to the recognition of specific lesions associated with psychiatric conditions.

Accepted Answer

somatic dysfunction

Question 52

Untreated TMD can lead to inflammation and swelling within the ___.

Accepted Answer

joint capsule

Question 53

Medial Pterygoid Counterstrain involves gliding the jaw ___ from the tender point to treat the medial pterygoid muscle.

Accepted Answer

away

Question 54

___ manipulations of the cranial bones affect the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

Cranial OMM

Question 55

Failure of ___ management is an indication for referral to a specialist.

Accepted Answer

conservative

Question 56

The extended position of the cranium results in the mouth resting in a partially open position, causing overuse of the jaw closers (___ and ___).

Accepted Answer

temporalis, masseter

Question 57

Discomfort in or around the ___ is often mistaken for ear infections in TMD patients.

Accepted Answer

ear

Question 58

The articular disc is a biconcave, fibrous structure located between the ___ and the ___.

Accepted Answer

condyle, fossa

Question 59

Noises in the jaw during movement, which may or may not be associated with pain, are known as ___ or popping sounds.

Accepted Answer

clicking

Question 60

The hinge (ginglymoid) motion of the TMJ occurs between the mandibular condyle and the articular disc within the ___ joint cavity.

Accepted Answer

lower

Question 61

The gliding motion enables anterior translation (___) during jaw opening and posterior translation (___) during jaw closing.

Accepted Answer

protrusion, retrusion

Question 62

The ___ axis plays a crucial role in regulating stress responses and is often dysregulated in psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety.

Accepted Answer

HPA (Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal)

Question 63

Chronically elevated ___, often seen in patients with depression, PTSD, or anxiety disorders, can lead to structural changes in the brain.

Accepted Answer

cortisol

Question 64

Excessive mouth opening or prolonged dental work can strain the joint and lead to ___.

Accepted Answer

TMD

OMT can be used effectively for psychiatric patients with conditions like ___ disorders, somatic symptom disorder, and conversion disorder.

One possible cause of TMD is trauma or injury to the ___.

During the physical examination for TMJ dysfunction, observation involves watching for abnormal jaw movements such as jaw ___ or incomplete opening.

___, the founder of Osteopathy in 1874, focused on the interrelationship between the body, nervous system, and psychiatric conditions.

John Sarno’s theory linked chronic back pain to unresolved ___ tension.

Avoid OMT in patients who are actively ___ or who have not established a strong therapeutic relationship with the physician.

Be cautious with patients who have a history of ___ or trauma, as touch-based treatments might trigger emotional distress.

Emotional stress, such as anxiety or depression, can manifest as ___ dysfunction.

For the medial pterygoid, the jaw is glided ___ from the tender point to treat dysfunction.

Somatic Symptom Disorder is characterized by one or more ___ that cause distress and interfere with daily life.

Patients with Somatic Symptom Disorder exhibit excessive thoughts, anxiety, or behaviors related to their ___, often fixating on the severity of their symptoms.

Illness Anxiety Disorder is defined by preoccupation with having or acquiring a ___ illness.

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder involves ___ symptoms that cannot be explained by medical evaluation.

Masseter Counterstrain involves gliding the jaw toward the side of the ___ point to relieve tension in the masseter muscle.

Limited jaw opening or ___ movement is an indication for referral to a specialist.

Only ___% to ___% of people with TMD seek medical care, indicating underreporting or tolerance of symptoms.

The majority of patients with TMD are biological ___ in their ___ years.

Upper Cross Syndrome involves tightness in the posterior neck muscles such as the ___ and ___ scapulae.

The TMJ is a ___ joint, meaning both joints function together.

Patients with TMD may report that their ___ feels 'off' or that their teeth do not fit together properly.

The thinner intermediate zone of the articular disc bears the most ___ during normal movement.

Hearing loss or diminished hearing can occur due to the close anatomical relationship between the TMJ and the ___ structures.

Although rare, some patients experience ___ problems due to TMJ dysfunction.

OMT is indicated for patients with ___ dysfunctions related to psychiatric conditions.

In the early 1900s, ___ developed the theory of the unconscious mind and pioneered psychoanalysis for treating psychiatric disorders.

___ expanded on Freud's ideas by developing analytical psychology, introducing concepts like introversion and extraversion.

OMM allows osteopathic physicians to treat both physical and ___ health symptoms by addressing the full spectrum of somatic and psychological issues.

By relieving somatic dysfunctions, ___ can help reduce emotional tension and contribute to the overall improvement of psychiatric symptoms.

Night guards or splints are used to prevent ___ in conservative management of TMD.

Moist heat or ___ can be used for pain relief in TMD management.

Avoidance of triggers like chewing gum, large bites, and ___ is recommended in TMD self-care.

___, analgesics, and muscle relaxants are used to alleviate pain in TMD.

___ manipulation relieves muscle tension and enhances circulation.

To treat a hypertonic masseter on the right side using Muscle Energy (ME), move the jaw slightly open and to the ___, then ask the patient to gently push their jaw closed and to the ___ against resistance.

Suspected pathology, such as ___ or neuralgia, is an indication for referral to a specialist.

Sex hormones such as ___ may influence the connective tissue and joint structures in TMD patients.

Chronic mouth opening due to posture leads to fatigue and overuse of ___ muscles.

The TMJ connects the ___ (lower jaw) to the ___ bone of the skull.

The articular disc is made of dense fibrous connective tissue, which differs from typical hyaline cartilage in that it lacks ___ and is more resistant to ___.

Retrodiscal tissue, located posterior to the disc, contains loose connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves, and ___.

Headaches, often tension-type, originating from the jaw muscles or referred from the TMJ, are a symptom of ___.

___% of adults experience at least one sign of TMD, while 33% report symptoms.

Counterstrain techniques relieve tender points by positioning the body in a way that reduces ___.

In Anterior Disc Displacement with Reduction (ADDwR), the disc is displaced ___ but returns to its normal position when the mouth opens, often producing a clicking sound.

In Anterior Disc Displacement without Reduction (ADDwoR), the disc remains displaced, and the jaw movement is restricted, often resulting in a ___ jaw.

The ___ system modulates stress responses and is linked to psychiatric conditions like anxiety and depression.

Chronic teeth clenching or grinding (bruxism) can lead to muscle overuse and ___.

Normal Range of Motion (ROM) for jaw opening is ___ mm, with the ideal range around 50 mm.

Poor posture places additional strain on the TMJ and leads to overuse of the muscles responsible for ___.

Abnormal movements or trauma can displace the ___ from its normal position, leading to pain and dysfunction.

Osteopaths at the Still-Hildreth Sanatorium documented ___ in psychiatric patients, leading to the recognition of specific lesions associated with psychiatric conditions.

Untreated TMD can lead to inflammation and swelling within the ___.

Medial Pterygoid Counterstrain involves gliding the jaw ___ from the tender point to treat the medial pterygoid muscle.

___ manipulations of the cranial bones affect the central nervous system.

Failure of ___ management is an indication for referral to a specialist.

The extended position of the cranium results in the mouth resting in a partially open position, causing overuse of the jaw closers (___ and ___).

Discomfort in or around the ___ is often mistaken for ear infections in TMD patients.

The articular disc is a biconcave, fibrous structure located between the ___ and the ___.

Noises in the jaw during movement, which may or may not be associated with pain, are known as ___ or popping sounds.

The hinge (ginglymoid) motion of the TMJ occurs between the mandibular condyle and the articular disc within the ___ joint cavity.

The gliding motion enables anterior translation (___) during jaw opening and posterior translation (___) during jaw closing.

The ___ axis plays a crucial role in regulating stress responses and is often dysregulated in psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety.

Chronically elevated ___, often seen in patients with depression, PTSD, or anxiety disorders, can lead to structural changes in the brain.

Excessive mouth opening or prolonged dental work can strain the joint and lead to ___.

Palpation of the TMJs during a physical examination checks for ___ (grinding), tenderness, and any irregular movements.

Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine (OMM) was formally integrated as an adjunct treatment for psychiatric disorders in the ___ 1900s.

The Still-Hildreth Sanatorium was established in ___, Missouri, by A.T. Still’s sons and Arthur Hildreth.

The Still-Hildreth Sanatorium specialized in the osteopathic treatment of ___ and neuropsychiatric disorders.

Anterior disc displacement is common and can cause ___ or ___.

The connection between the mind (psyche) and body (soma) is a central theme in ___ psychiatry.

Emotional or psychological stress often manifests as physical symptoms, such as tension headaches, muscle pain, or back pain, through ___ pathways.

Abnormal jaw tracking or ___ jaw positions are indications for referral to a specialist.

During jaw closing, the condyle and disc return ___ to their resting position in the fossa.

___ head posture places excessive strain on the neck and jaw muscles, leading to chronic tension.

As the muscles of ___ work harder to maintain alignment, they become hypertonic, leading to pain and dysfunction.

Pain or discomfort during ___ can lead to changes in diet for TMD patients.

The thick posterior zone of the articular disc is positioned between the ___ and the ___.

___, or ringing in the ears, is often associated with TMJ dysfunction.

Dizziness or vertigo in TMD patients is caused by the TMJ's proximity to the ___ system.

OMT has been shown to improve ___ variability, decrease alpha-amylase levels, and modulate cortisol production.

Only _% to _% of people with TMD seek medical care, indicating underreporting or tolerance of symptoms.

The majority of patients with TMD are biological _ in their _ years.

Upper Cross Syndrome involves tightness in the posterior neck muscles such as the _ and _ scapulae.

To treat a hypertonic masseter on the right side using Muscle Energy (ME), move the jaw slightly open and to the _, then ask the patient to gently push their jaw closed and to the _ against resistance.

The TMJ connects the _ (lower jaw) to the _ bone of the skull.

The articular disc is made of dense fibrous connective tissue, which differs from typical hyaline cartilage in that it lacks _ and is more resistant to _.

The extended position of the cranium results in the mouth resting in a partially open position, causing overuse of the jaw closers (_ and _).

The articular disc is a biconcave, fibrous structure located between the _ and the _.

The gliding motion enables anterior translation (_) during jaw opening and posterior translation (_) during jaw closing.

Anterior disc displacement is common and can cause _ or _.

The thick posterior zone of the articular disc is positioned between the _ and the _.

The holistic osteopathic approach emphasizes treating the patient as a whole, recognizing that _ and _ states directly influence physical health.

Both _ and _ occur during normal jaw opening and closing.

The hinge motion allows for _ (A-P movement) around a transverse axis and is responsible for the _ (opening) and ___ (closing) of the jaw.

OMT treatments addressing _ or _ can help restore normal function to affected musculoskeletal regions.

OMT has been shown to reduce physical symptoms associated with psychiatric disorders, such as _ and _, by normalizing the body's structural integrity.

Both the hinge and glide motions occur simultaneously during normal jaw movement, allowing smooth and coordinated _ and _.