Viral glycoproteins and lipids derived from the host cell.
The envelope fuses with the cell membrane, releasing the virus into the cytoplasm.
The virus disappears and is no longer present, indicated by a solid line dropping to the x-axis.
Penetration.
They produce antigenic variants of their surface proteins.
Either viral or cellular processes.
They are resistant to heat and dryness.
CD4, CXCR4, CCR5.
Viropexis (pinocytosis).
Transcription and translation factors.
They are sensitive to heat and dryness.
The time during which no virus is found inside the cell, ending with the appearance of the virus.
CD21.
<p>Icosahedral</p>
Capsid (naked viruses) and envelope proteins (enveloped viruses).
Virulent viruses are more capable of causing disease compared to less virulent ones.
Enveloped viruses fuse their envelope with the cell membrane, while non-enveloped viruses penetrate through other mechanisms.
Capsomers.
Uncoating.
Nucleocapsid.
The degree of pathogenicity or ability to cause disease.
Spheres or rods.
<p>Naked or non-enveloped viruses</p>
Influenza virus and rotavirus.
Gene expression & Genome replication.
Direct transmission via blood and body fluids.
Indirect transmission, e.g., fecal-oral route.
<ol class="tight" data-tight="true"><li><p>absent </p></li><li><p>present</p></li></ol><p></p>
Tegument, located between the nucleocapsid and envelope.
Herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus.
Cellular enzymes and contributions from cell membranes (except for smallpox virus).
<ol class="tight" data-tight="true"><li><p>Single</p></li><li><p>double</p></li></ol><p></p>
They cause non-specific polyclonal activation of T cells.
The time from the onset of infection to the appearance of the virus extracellularly.
Capsid and nucleic acid.
Approximately 20 nm to 300 nm.
As the virus exits from the cell in a process called budding.
A low pH.
<p>Surface proteins</p>
Viral nucleic acid continues to function and begins to accumulate within the cell, represented by a dotted line.
They cause rapid inactivation due to the presence of a lipid bilayer.
<p>Matrix protein</p>
No.
Uncoating.
<p>Helical</p>
Attachment.
<p>Surface proteins</p>
Cells possessing surface receptors specific to particular virus species.
Assembly and Release.
<p>poxvirus (has complex capsid)</p>
Superantigens.
<p>retroviruses</p>
ICAM-1.
Integrins.
Icosahedral and helical.
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
One copy, making them haploid.
P antigen on erythrocytes.
Attachment to the host cell.
<p>Obligate intracellular parasites that reproduce only within the host cell</p>
<p>light microscope.</p>
<p>DNA or RNA, but not both, however cells contain both</p>
<p></p><ol class="tight" data-tight="true"><li><p>few</p></li><li><p>many</p></li></ol><p></p>
<ol class="tight" data-tight="true"><li><p>Enveloped</p></li><li><p>all</p></li></ol><p></p>
<ol class="tight" data-tight="true"><li><p>Absent</p></li><li><p>Present</p></li></ol><p></p>
<ol class="tight" data-tight="true"><li><p>Many</p></li><li><p>None or few</p></li></ol><p></p>
<p>Capsid </p>
<p>Capsomeres that make up the capsid</p>
<p>Rod-shaped due to capsomers arranged in a hollow coil.</p>
<p>Icosahedral</p>
<ol class="tight" data-tight="true"><li><p>Surface proteins</p></li><li><p>Internal proteins</p></li><li><p>Matrix protein</p></li><li><p>Suprantigens proteins</p></li><li><p>Regulatory proteins</p></li></ol><p></p>
<p>Internal proteins</p>
